Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning

Chapter 7: Digital Images

Frameworks: What we know. . . Do digital images enhance learning? – If they are related to the text – Assists the learner to understand the purpose – Have a function such as illustrate or emphasize a particular point – Greatly enhances learning for students with special needs

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Frameworks: What we know. . . Do digital images have learning functions? – Decoration – Representation – Organization – Interpretation – Transformation

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Frameworks: What we know. . . What function do images used for decoration serve? – Breaks up the text to make it more appealing to the reader. – Example:

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Frameworks: What we know. . . What function do images used for representation serve? – Assist reader’s understanding of complex or unfamiliar concepts. – Earth’s Core:

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Frameworks: What we know. . . What function do images used for organizational images serve? – Organizational images relate step-by-step processes and how-to explanations to the reader. – Example: Windsor knot

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Frameworks: What we know. . . What function do images used for interpretational serve? – Provide the reader with assistance in understanding or interpreting abstract or difficult information – Carbon cycle

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Frameworks: What we know. . . What function do images used for transformation serve? – Images used for transformation aid the reader in transforming the text information by viewing pictures using application of mnemonic (memory enhancing) pictures. – Trichina is a roundworm found in uncooked pork.

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Digital Images What are pixels? (short for picture elements) – Tiny squares that make up a digital image. – A tonal value (black, white, shades of gray or color. – A photo is similar to a mosaic with each tile being a pixel.

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Obtaining Digital Images What can I obtain digital images? – Digital cameras – Scanners – CD/DVD collections – Web collections – Screenshots

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Digital Image Resolution What is resolution and why do I care? – Consider how the image will be ultimately used. – Electronic? • Output on the computer • Does not need to be high resolution - 72-96 ppi • High res photos will appear very large on the screen

– Print? • Does need to be high resolution • At least 300 dpi • Larger file sizes take up more memory.

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Digital Camera Parts Are there basic parts to a camera that are fundamental to using it effectively? – Power on/off button – Camera modes – Optical viewfinder – LCD screen – Camera lens – Shutter – Flash – Memory sources – Power sources Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Digital Camera Modes Are there different camera modes to use? – Record Mode • Take photos • Access menu to select settings (resolution) • Make adjustments (flash and zoom)

– Playback mode • Works with LCD viewer • View images • Erase unwanted images

– May have video mode • Record brief video (determined by storage capacity

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Viewfinder or LCD? Does it matter whether I use the viewfinder or LCD? – Optical viewfinder • Small window located on the back of the camera • Uses no power • Not part of the lens so not accurate

– LCD screen • Small screen located at the back of the camera • Used for previewing • More accurate than viewfinder • Drains battery power quickly

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Camera Lenses Are all camera lenses the same? – Camera lenses • Made of plastic or glass • Differ in quality and ability to takes photos at distances • Fixed focus: cannot vary focal length – Digital zoom – Optical zoom

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Shutter and Flash What do the shutter and flash do? – Shutter (inside lens) • Lets light into lens when pressed • Shutter lab – Causes blurry photos

– Flash • Control on light shown on the photo • Avoid red eye by NOT shooting in low light

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Memory Sources Are there different types of memory? – Fixed memory • Limited amount of “onboard” memory

– Removable memory • Offers more space • Can be erased and reused • Easy transfer from camera to computer • Types – Compact flash(CF), Secure Digital (SD) – Memory Sticks (Sony)

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Connectivity How do I connect the camera to the computer? – Four methods • USB or Firewire cable/port • Card reader • Dock • Wireless connection

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: Saving Digital Files Are there file types to use when working with digital still images? – JPEG: Joint Photographic Experts Group • Support full color • Used for photos (digital cameras) • Lossy compression • Used for web

– GIF: Graphics Interchange Format • Supports 256 distinct colors • Small files • Lossless compression • Used for web Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Basics: More Saving Digital Files Are there more file types? – PNG: Portable Network Graphics • Support full color • Small files • Lossless compression • Used for web • Not recognized by older browsers

– TIFF: Tagged Image File Format • Supports full color • Very large files • Used for print-based • Used for web Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

Voices in the Classroom Using Digital Images in Early Learning Vicki Wells 1st grade teacher Dogwood Elementary in Tennessee In this Voice, Vickie Wells, inner-city teacher, discusses how she uses digital cameras with her 1st grade students. Making books to record classroom activities, finding shapes at the school and identifying the helpers at the school are ways that she integrates digital cameras into language arts, math and social studies.

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images

For more information Go to the textbook companion website: http://www.pearsonhighered.com/obannon2e Or http://web.utk.edu/~bobannon/preparing

Section III: Using Visual Learning Tools to Enhance Learning | Chapter 7: Digital Images