FOOD & DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS Directory of Services

QUICK REFERENCE

QUICK REFERENCE

NUTRITION LABELING MANDATORY NUTRIENT LIST Regulatory initiatives such as the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act have had a profound impact on the food industry. The adoption of standardized content and format guidelines for nutrition labeling have provided consumers with the tools to plan a balanced diet, as well as given producers data to distance their product from the competition.

NL-Proximate (moisture, ash, protein)

Vitamin A

Calories (by calculation)

beta Carotene If there is a source of beta carotene, the assay for beta carotene should be used instead of (or in addition to) vitamin A to obtain total vitamin A activity for nutrition labels.

Calories from fat (by calculation) *Requires fat, moisture, protein and ash testing Total fat [sum of fatty acids (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated, trans)]

Vitamin C Calcium, iron, sodium (ICP)

Cholesterol Total carbohydrates (by calculation) *Requires fat, moisture, protein and ash testing Total dietary fiber

Mandatory Nutrient Package This package includes all nutrients, with sugars assayed by GC, minerals by ICP and total fat as the sum of the fatty acids calculated as triglycerides.

Sugars HPLC GC Either HPLC or GC will be used, depending on the sample matrix.

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QUICK REFERENCE VITAMIN ANALYSIS Astaxanthin Biotin Carotenoids Option 1: alpha Carotene, beta Carotene, Lycopene Option 2: Cryptoxanthin, Lutein, Zeaxanthin Option 3: Lutein only Choline (chemical) Choline (enzymatic) Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) Folate (vitamin B9) Inositol L-Ascorbyl-2-Phosphate Niacin (vitamin B3) Pantothenic acid (vitamin B5) Pyridoxine (vitamin B6)

Riboflavin (vitamin B2) Thiamin (vitamin B1) Tocopherols (alpha, beta, gamma and delta) Tocotrienols (alpha, beta, gamma and delta) Vitamin A modified USP for dietary supplements (HPLC) Vitamin A, retinol Vitamin B profile (HPLC) Vitamin B profile (HPLC-MS/MS) Vitamin C Vitamin D Vitamin E (alpha tocopherol) Vitamin E (in feeds and forages) Vitamin K1

LIPIDS Cholesterol Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) Fatty acid profile (C4 - C24) (including Omega-3 and Omega-6 isomers, and trans fatty acids) Fatty acid profile (C4 - C24) (including Omega-3 and Omega-6 isomers, not including fatty acids) Free fatty acids (total by titration) Free fatty acids (by GC)

Glycerol Hexanal Iodine value p-Anisidine Peroxide value Sterols TBA value

CARBOHYDRATES Acid detergent fiber Aspartame, Acesulfame K, DKP and saccharine beta Glucan Crude fiber Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) content in Infant Formula Galactooligosaccharides (GOS) content in Raw Material Insoluble and soluble fiber (Lee Method) Insoluble, soluble and total dietary fiber (CODEX definition) by enzymatic-gravimetric method and liquid chromatography (McCleary) Inulin (fructan), HPLC Inulin (fructan), spectrographic Lactulose Lignin Neutral detergent fiber (enzymatic) Polydextrose Resistant starch Starch 4

Sucralose (finished products) Sucralose (packets, pure material) (USP Method) Sugar alcohols Sugar profile after acid hydrolysis Sugar profile by GC Sugar profile, low levels Sugar profile by HPLC Sugar profile by IC Total dietary fiber (CODEX definition) by enzymatic-gravimetric method and liquid chromatography (McCleary) Total dietary fiber containing supplemented resistant maltodextrin (Fibersol) Total dietary fiber (Lee or Prosky)

Pricing available from a Covance representative. For updates to assays, refer to our online catalog at covance.com/nutri.

QUICK REFERENCE AMINO ACIDS Total amino acid profile (AOAC) Alanine, arginine, aspartic acid (including asparagine), cystine, glutamic acid (including glutamine), glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, valine Total amino acid profile (HPLC) Alanine, arginine, aspartic acid (including asparagine), cystine (including cysteine), glutamic acid (including glutamine), glycine, histidine, hydroxyproline, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tyrosine, valine, tryptophan Free amino acid profile (AOAC) Alanine, arginine, aspartic acid (including asparagine), cystine, glutamic acid (including glutamine), glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, valine

Free amino acid profile (HPLC)  L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-serine, L-histidine, glycine, L-threonine, L-arginine, L-alanine, L-tyrosine, L-cystine, L-valine, L-methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-lysine, proline, L-asparagine, L-glutamine, L-citrulline, L-tryptophan, hydroxyproline 5-Hydroxytrytophan (5-HTP) beta Alanine Carnitine Cysteine Cystine and Methionine (AOAC) GABA (gamma aminobutyric acid) Monosodium glutamate (as glutamic acid) N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine Ornithine Taurine (total and free) Theanine Tryptophan (AOAC) Tryptophan (HPLC) (total and free)

ORGANIC ACIDS Organic Acid Profiles Option 1: Benzoic acid (sodium benzoate), sorbic acid (potassium sorbate) Option 2: Citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, pyruvic, quinic acid Option 3: Tartaric acid, formic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid Option 4: Propionic acid 

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QUICK REFERENCE PROXIMATE Acid insoluble ash Ash Available carbohydrates (direct determination) Bomb calorimetry Density Fat extractions Acid hydrolysis Methanol/chloroform Roese-Gottlieb Soxhlet Fat (sum of fatty acids) Loss on drying (LOD)

Moisture (Karl Fischer) Moisture (vacuum oven) pH Protein (Dumas) Protein (Kjeldahl) Proximate package (moisture, ash, protein and fat) Calories (by calculation) Total carbohydrates (by calculation) Residue on ignition (ROI) Titratable acidity Water activity

OTHER ASSAYS Alcohol (added) Alcohol (residual) BHA, BHT and TBHQ (antioxidants) Caffeine, theobromine and theophylline Capsacin/capsacinoid (Scoville heat) Dissolution Ethanol and Methanol Nucleosides Nucleotides

Osmolality Parabens (methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isopropyl, isobutyl) Polysorbates Residual solvents Soy isoflavones (genistein, daidzein, glycitein) Species Identification by ELISA (beef, poultry or pork) Sulfites (Monier-Williams) TBHQ Viscosity (Brookfield or Bostwick)

NATURAL CONTAMINANTS Allergens Almond Brazil Nut Casein Cashew Kernel Celery Coconut Crustaceae Shellfish Egg Gluten Hazelnut Lupine Macadamia Nut Mustard Peanut Pistachio Sesame Soy Allergen Total Milk Walnut

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Other Contaminants 3-MCPD (3-Chloro-1,2-Propanediol) 4-MEI Acrylamide by LC-MS/MS Aflatoxins by HPLC (B1, B2, G1, G2) Aflatoxins (B1, B2, G1, G2), Ochratoxin A and Zearalenone by HPLC Aflatoxins M1 by HPLC Arsenic Speciation Bisphenol A (BPA) Cyanuric acid by LC-MS/MS Heavy metals by ICP (arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury) Heavy metals by ICP-MS (arsenic, cadmium, lead, mercury) Melamine by LC-MS/MS Melamine and analogs by UHPLC-MS/MS Mycotoxins in infant formula (Aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, G2, M1, M2, deoxynivalenol, Ochratoxin A, Zearalenone, Fumonisin B1, B2, HT-2, T-2 toxin) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) Residual solvents

Pricing available from a Covance representative. For updates to assays, refer to our online catalog at covance.com/nutri.

QUICK REFERENCE INORGANIC ANALYSIS The method used for the analysis of various elements in food and dietary supplement samples is dependent on both the concentration and the sample matrix. For most elements the precision using any of these techniques is less than 5% RSD. Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectroscopy (ICP) is used for macro-levels inorganic constituents in all matrices. Usually 10g of sample is either dry or wet ashed, or samples are analyzed directly. The limit of quantitation is based on the individual analyte and matrix, but generally yields detection in the PPM range. A common scan is for calcium, iron and sodium used for nutritional labeling. Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) is the method of choice when analyzing trace level analytes. It is applicable to all matrices. Usually 0.5 g of sample is wet ashed in a closed-vessel microwave digestion, although other ashing techniques are used. Limits of quantitation are lower than ICP and are dependent on the analyte and matrix, but generally yield detection in the PPB range. A common scan is for arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury used for heavy metal analysis. Atomic Absorption Spectrospcopy (AA) is used for single analyte measurements using flame, hydride-generation or graphite furnace techniques. This technology, in general, has been surpassed by the advances made in ICP and ICP-MS techniques. Please see the details in the assay section of the catalog for specifics.

INDIVIDUAL ELEMENTS ICP Aluminum Barium Beryllium Boron Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Molybdenum Nickel Phosphorus Potassium Sodium Strontium Vanadium Zinc

ICP-MS Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Bismuth Cadmium Caesium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Gallium Germanium Iodine Iron Lanthanum Lead Lithium Magnesium Manganese

Mercury Molybdenum Nickel Palladium Platinum Rubidium Ruthenium Selenium Silver Strontium Sulfate* Sulfur Thallium Tin Titanium Tungsten Vanadium Zinc

Flame AA Silicon Titanium Other analytes available on request include calcium, chromium (in fortified supplements), cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, potassium, selenium, sodium and zinc. Graphite Furnace AA Aluminum Other analytes, such as chromium, available on request Inorganic Speciation IC-ICP-MS Arsenic Miscellaneous AA Selenium (hydride)

* Calculated from total sulfur by ICP-MS

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QUICK REFERENCE INORGANIC ANALYSIS Inorganics by ICP Emission Spectrometry Packages Option 1: I CP3–calcium, iron, sodium (for nutrition labeling) Option 2: I CPL–calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, zinc Option 3: I CPN–Option 2 plus aluminum, barium, boron, chromium*, molybdenum*, strontium Option 4: I CPS–Option 3 plus beryllium, cadmium, cobalt, nickel, vanadium * May need to perform an alternate test for certain matrices.

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Inorganics by Wet Chemistry Chloride Fluoride (chemical) Fluoride (ISE) Iodine (chemical) Iodine (ISE) Nitrate/nitrite by HPLC Nitrate/nitrite by IC and VIS Heavy metals as lead by USP

Pricing available from a Covance representative. For updates to assays, refer to our online catalog at covance.com/nutri.

QUICK REFERENCE MICROBIOLOGY SERVICES Feeling challenged by the demands for increased food safety in today’s market place? Covance is ready to help you produce safe products and keep you compliant and competitive with our broad array of services that address consumer and regulatory requirements. In anticipation of your needs, we have dedicated two ISO accredited laboratories (Battle Creek, Michigan and Madison, Wisconsin) to delivering microbiological results you can use to base food safety decisions. Along with testing capabilities, Covance offers microbiology consulting, customized research and training services.

Contact Us Today (1.855.83MICRO or 1.855.33MICRO) Discover why Covance is your optimum partner in food safety services

CONSULTING

RESEARCH

• Investigations to help identify, isolate and eliminate microbial harborage points • Responses to regulatory actions • Expert witness services • Food safety program development and review • GFSI audit preparation

•W  hite paper, laboratory and in-plant process validations • Customized challenge studies based on NACMCF guidelines • Pathogen- and spoilage-based microbial shelf-life evaluations • Confirmation and/or validation of cooking/baking instructions

TRAINING

General education sessions or customized courses, held in our classrooms or delivered at your facility

• International HACCP Alliance accredited training classes and instructors • Prerequisite programs • Internal audits • Sampling technique • Sampling site selection • Laboratory techniques • Other topics upon request

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QUICK REFERENCE MICROBIOLOGY ASSAYS Food, Ingredients and Environmental Swabs

Quantitative – Counts or MPN Aerobic plate

Lactic Acid Bacteria

Bacillus cereus

Lactobacillus - Heterofermentative

Chronobacter sakazakii

Mesophilic aerobic spores

Coliform

Mesophilic anaerobic spores

Coliform MPN

Staphylococcus species

E. coli

Staphylococcus species – Coagulase (+)

E. coli MPN

Yeasts and molds

Enterobacteriaceae

Yeasts and molds – Osmophilic

Additional charges for samples requiring dilution beyond 1/1000.

Qualitative – Presence/Absence E. coli O157:H7

Listeria species

E. coli – STEC

Listeria monocytogenes Salmonella species

Additional charges for sample sizes > 100 g and for compositing of individual samples.

Confirmation/Identification Gram stain

Biochemical – VITEK and API

Dietary Supplements and Nutritional Products

USP Verification of assay suitability

Clostridia species

Total aerobic microbial count (TAMC)

E. coli

Total combined yeasts and molds count (TYMC)

Salmonella species

Bile-tolerant Gram negative bacteria

Staphylococcus aureus

Candida albicans Additional charges for dilutions beyond 1/10 and sample neutralization.

Non-USP Probiotic enumerations

Enumeration of microencapsulated microorganisms

Shelf-life viability

Simulated gastric dissolution

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Pricing available from a Covance representative. For updates to assays, refer to our online catalog at covance.com/nutri.

QUICK REFERENCE CONTAMINANTS IN FOODS, FEEDS AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS Global distribution of food, feed and dietary supplement Our Center of Excellence for Contaminants in Greenfield, products into new regions requires a broad understanding of Indiana, offers a broad portfolio of contaminant testing the interplay between growers, manufacturers and regulators. services. The 10,000 sq ft state-of-the-art facility in Greenfield First-hand experience developing new testing methods, global provides clients the most up-to-date analysis of chemical regulatory knowledge and the scientific expertise to develop residues and contaminants as well as the development of new an appropriate testing program is critical to meeting your analytical methods. specific product needs. Our scientists have designed and managed hundreds of testing programs for heavy metals, We approach the analysis of contaminants based on acrylamide, melamine and pesticide residues in support of analytical quantitation using highly selective technology Proposition 65, response to economic adulteration, routine including ICP-MS, LC- and GC-MS/MS. As a true partner supplier verification and Infant Formula EU Directive in food and dietary supplement analysis, we have the 2006/141/EC, respectively. resources to meet your requirements for quality, flexibility, value and customer service.

Multi-Residue Analysis (MRA) by GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS (300+ compounds) Botanicals, Spices and Other Specialty Commodities and Products All analyses reported to 10 ppb or LOQ, whichever is higher. Finished Food and Raw Ingredients All analyses reported to 10 ppb or LOQ, whichever is higher. T his offering includes: ▶ Fruits and vegetables ▶ Grains and cereals ▶ Fats and oils ▶ High-fat food products ▶ Finished processed foods, including meals Infant Formula All analytes are reported to 10 ppb (or lower if required). EU Directive 2006/141/EC (10 ng/g or less) offering is available. Matrix-Based Quantitation Additional analyses (after initial analysis) to perform Method of Standard Addition, which provides the most accurate quantitation. Individual Pesticides or Subgroups Individual pesticides, subgroups of or additions to the MRA. Carbamates by LC-MS/MS

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QUICK REFERENCE CONTAMINANTS IN FOODS, FEEDS AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS USP/EP Analysis (99 Analytes) USP 561 USP/EP Pesticide Full Reporting Package Report at the USP/EP limits. Full multipoint calibration for all analytes by GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS. Includes EBDCs (dithiocarbamates) by GC, inorganic bromide by GC and matrix-based quantitation.* *Matrix-Based Quantitation: additional analyses (after initial analysis) to perform Method of Standard Addition, which provides the most accurate quantitation. Ala Cart Analysis GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS Multi-Residue Analysis (select 1 to 90+ analytes) Matrix-based quantitation EBDCs (dithiocarbamates) by GC Bromide, inorganic COMPENDIAL TESTING SERVICES Raw Material/Ingredient Analysis At Covance, we have been performing monograph analyses of raw materials and ingredients for over 30 years. In accordance with many global regulations, our database of over 400 different raw materials and capacity to set up more provides you with the analytical services you need for your raw materials testing. To expedite your analysis, please provide the following information in advance: ▶ Quarterly or yearly list of raw materials ▶ Notice of shipment ▶ Analysis request form (available online or from Client Services) This testing is compliant with GMP regulations (21 CFR Part 111) for ingredients in dietary supplements. For assays compliant with 21 CFR Part 211 for human drug ingredients, please contact us.

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Pricing available from a Covance representative. For updates to assays, refer to our online catalog at covance.com/nutri.

QUICK REFERENCE STABILITY STUDIES: STABILITY AND SHELF-LIFE EVALUATION Covance provides comprehensive analytical services related to stability and shelf-life of products for the food and dietary supplement industries. Stability is defined as the extent to which a product retains, within specified limits throughout its period of storage and use, the same properties and characteristics possessed at the time of packaging. Understanding product stability is an essential measure of the quality of a food or dietary supplement. Covance can custom design your stability study from start to finish. Study Design - Essential Information for Stability Studies ▶ Packaging materials ▶ Region the product is being sold ▶ Product specifications ▶ Type of study (accelerated or real time) ▶ Shelf-life anticipated ▶ Regulatory requirements (if applicable) ▶ Method applicability

Goals of the Stability Study ▶ Ensure the product is stable over its shelf-life ▶ Establish or verify the shelf-life of the product ▶ Aid in product research and development ▶ Provide data to support the quality of the product over time ▶ Fulfill any regulatory requirements Due to the custom nature of designing a stability study, please inquire on pricing and storage availability.

Testing Services for Stability Studies

Typical Stability Studies

▶ Chemical analysis (nutrients, active compounds) ▶ Physical properties (moisture, water activity, disintegration, hardness, etc.) ▶ Organoleptic evaluation (appearance, taste, smell, color) ▶ Microbiological evaluation (safety assessment, antimicrobial preservative effectiveness) ▶ Monograph testing (USP or International)

Storage Study Condition Real Time 25°C/60% RH Accelerated 40°C/75% RH Alternate 30°C/65% RH

Testing Intervals (ICH guidelines) 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24 months 3, 6 months 6, 9, 12 months

PHYTOCHEMICALS The terms phytochemicals and phytonutrients have been adopted as descriptors for certain organic components of plants that are thought to promote human health. Unlike the traditional nutrients, these compounds are not “essential” for life from a traditional standpoint but are being increasingly recognized as having beneficial health characteristics. As the popularity of these products has increased with mainstream consumers, the use of a variety of dietary supplements, herbals/botanicals and functional foods has expanded and resulted in an intense and competitive marketplace. The ability to scientifically substantiate claims for quality, purity, consistency, stability, safety and efficacy is an essential marketing tool and frequently a regulatory requirement.

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QUICK REFERENCE METHOD DEVELOPMENT, VALIDATION AND TRANSFER Responding to changes in market or regulatory requirements demands new or improved high-quality scientific methods engineered for greater efficiency, lower limits of detection and improved reproducibility. As a partner in developing solutions to method challenges, Covance offers the services of our Technical Development team on a contract basis. You can leverage the team’s expertise across a wide range of matrices and technologies, including LC-MS/MS and UHPLC, to address your analytical challenges. Projects are priced on a time/materials or project basis. Typical projects we have completed include: ▶ New method development ▶ Client method validation ▶ Compendial/journal method setup ▶ Existing method modernization ▶ Matrix extensions (incl. validation)

▶ New technology application ▶ Client method variability resolution

SPECIAL SERVICES Colors Artificial Colors FD&C Red No. 2 (Amaranth) FD&C Red No. 3 (Erythrosin B) FD&C Red No. 4 (Ponceau SX) FD&C Red No. 40 (Allura Red)

FD&C Green No. 3 (Fast Green FCF) FD&C Blue No. 1 (Erigluacine) FD&C Blue No. 2 (Indigo Carmine) Acid Orange 12 (Crocein Orange G)

FD&C Yellow No. 5 (Tartrazine) FD&C Yellow No. 6 (Sunset Yellow FCF) FD&C Yellow No. 10 (Quinoline Yellow)

Japanese Export Testing Sennosides (UV) Fenfluramine, N-nitroso-fenfluramine (HPLC) p-Hydroxybenzoates (methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isoproyl, isobutyl) Thryoxine, triiodothyronine (HPLC) Benzoic and sorbic acids Prices for these tests are all product-dependent—specific pricing for your supplement product can be obtained by calling us at 800-675-8375.

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Pricing available from a Covance representative. For updates to assays, refer to our online catalog at covance.com/nutri.

QUICK REFERENCE BOTANICALS For centuries, people have used herbs and other botanicals for their healthful effects, possibly due to their phytochemical composition, and in recent years, the use of these products has experienced a rise in popularity among consumers. This has resulted in corresponding regulatory initiatives and the accelerated need for analytical methods for botanical products. Several regulatory initiatives, including changes to current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP), address identification testing for botanical ingredients.

FOOD CONTACT MATERIALS (MIGRATION COMPLIANCE) The potential for migration of indirect additives and contaminants from food contact material is a concern for both food products and dietary supplements. As the design and use of innovative packaging methods change, there is a corresponding effect on the regulatory and experimental guidelines for determining the impact of packaging components on the safety of food and dietary products. In the case of dietary supplements and botanicals, migration could potentially have a negative effect on the efficacy of the active ingredient. When evaluating the safety of packaging materials there are three key aspects to be considered: the source of the materials, the nature of the manufacturing process and the conditions of use. ▶ Total and chloroform-soluble extractables from food packaging

▶ End use testing verifying compliance with 21 CFR Parts 172-181

▶ Recycled and degradable packaging

▶ Conditions of use A-J

▶ Retort pouch barrier integrity

▶ Experience with FCN and EU recommendations

▶ Pigment and dye migration from consumer products ▶ Benzene in polymeric packaging materials

For guidance, please refer to: www.packaginglaw.com

▶ Microwave packaging

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QUICK REFERENCE DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS Covance has over 80 years of experience in food analysis and has built a reputation for scientific and regulatory expertise, responsiveness to customer needs and the capacity to turn around samples quickly and efficiently. As a full-service laboratory, we analyze food, dietary supplement and biotechnology products.

Product/Analyte........................................................................................................................................ Testing Method 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP)........................................................................................................................................... HPLC Acetyl Cysteine.................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Allicin (garlic)...................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC alpha Lipoic Acid (USP)..................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Anthocyanins...................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Anthocyanins (bilberry, elderberry, cranberry, fruits)........................................................................................................ VIS Astaxanthin......................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC beta-Glucan........................................................................................................................................................................... VIS Black Currant Oil (linoleic acid and GLA)...........................................................................................................................GC Caffeine, Theobromine, Theophylline.............................................................................................................................. HPLC Capsaicin/Capsaicinoid (Scoville Heat)............................................................................................................................ HPLC Catechins (EGCG, GCG, catechin, EGC, EC, ECG, GC, CG) + gallic acid..................................................................... HPLC Chlorogenic Acid................................................................................................................................................................ HPLC Chondroitin Sulfate by CPC (USP)................................................................................................................................. Titration Citrus Bioflavanoids........................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Coenzyme Q10.................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA)...........................................................................................................................................GC Cranberry (quinic, malic, citric acids)............................................................................................................................... HPLC Creatine............................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Cryptoxanthin..................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC DHEA or 7-KETO DHEA (Dehydroepiandrosterone) or (3-acetyl-7-oxo-dehydropiandrosterone)....................................................................... HPLC Dong Quai (ferulic acid)..................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Echinacea spp. (caftaric, chlorogenic, echinacoside, chicoric).......................................................................................... HPLC Echinacea spp. [total phenolics as gallic acid equivalents (GAE)]....................................................................................... VIS Elagic Acid........................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Ephedrine Alkaloids Ephedra or Ma Huang.................................................................................................................................................LC-MS/MS Evening Primrose Oil (linoleic acid and GLA)....................................................................................................................GC Fo-ti Powder (trans-resveratrol)......................................................................................................................................... HPLC Fructan (AOAC 997.08)................................................................................................................................................ HPAEC-PAD Fructan (AOAC 999.03)........................................................................................................................................................ VIS Furfural............................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA)................................................................................................................................. HPLC gamma Linoleic Acid (GLA)..................................................................................................................................................GC

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Pricing available from a Covance representative. For updates to assays, refer to our online catalog at covance.com/nutri.

QUICK REFERENCE DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Product/Analyte........................................................................................................................................ Testing Method Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid).............................................................................................................................. HPLC Garlic (allicin)...................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Ginkgo Biloba Flavonoids.................................................................................................................................................. HPLC Ginkgo Biloba Terpenoids.................................................................................................................................................. HPLC Ginseng, Panax or Korean (ginsenosides)........................................................................................................................ HPLC Glucosamine........................................................................................................................................................... HPLC/HPAEC-PAD Glycerol (glycerine)................................................................................................................................................................GC Goldenseal (hydrastine and berberine)............................................................................................................................. HPLC Grape Seed Extract Catechins.......................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Total Polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteu Method) .................................................................................................................. VIS Proanthocyandins (polyphenols - catechins)............................................................................................................. VIS/HPLC trans-Resveratrol.............................................................................................................................................................. HPLC Green Tea Catechins........................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Griffonia Seed Extract (5-Hydroxytryptophan) 5-HTP...................................................................................................... HPLC Guarana (theobromine, theophylline, caffeine)................................................................................................................ HPLC Hydroxycitric Acid (garcinia extract)................................................................................................................................. HPLC Isoflavones (daidzein, glycitein, genistein, daidzin, glycitin, genistin).......................................................................... HPLC Kudzu (isoflavones)............................................................................................................................................................ HPLC Lutein................................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Lycopene.............................................................................................................................................................................. HPLC Marine Lipids (EPA/DHA)....................................................................................................................................................GC Methylsulfonylmethane (MSM)............................................................................................................................................GC Milk Thistle (silychristin, silydianin, silibibin A & B)...................................................................................................... HPLC Omega-3 Fatty Acids..............................................................................................................................................................GC ORAC, Total (includes hydrophilic and lipophilic)............................................................................................................. FL Oxalic acid........................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC PABA (para-aminobenzoic acid)........................................................................................................................................ HPLC Phenolic Acid (Phenylproponoids) Caffeic, p-Coumaric, Sinapic, and Ferulic Acids.................................................... HPLC Phospholipids (Lecithin Phospholipids) Phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylinositol.... HPLC Phytic Acid........................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Phytosterols (stigmasterol, beta sistosterol, campesterol, brassicasterol).........................................................................GC Policosanol (octacosanol, triacontanol, tetracosanol, hexacosanol)...................................................................................GC Polydextrose............................................................................................................................................................ HPLC/HPAEC-PAD Polygonum cuspidatum (trans-resveratrol)......................................................................................................................... HPLC Polyphenols (Total Polyphenols) Folin-Ciocalteu Method................................................................................................. VIS Polyphenols (Total) with % Solids Tea and tea products for Tea Association members only............................................................................................... VIS Pueraria (isoflavones)......................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Punicalagins........................................................................................................................................................................ HPLC 800-675-8375 • covance.com/nutri

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QUICK REFERENCE DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS (CONTINUED)

Product/Analyte........................................................................................................................................ Testing Method Pygeum (beta sitosterol)........................................................................................................................................................GC Pyruvate (pyruvic acid)....................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Quercetin............................................................................................................................................................................. HPLC Rose Hips (ascorbic acid)...................................................................................................................................................... FL Royal Jelly 10-HDA (10-hydroxy-2-decanoic acid)............................................................................................................. HPLC Rutin.................................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC SAMe (S-adenosylmethionine).......................................................................................................................................... HPLC Saw Palmetto (phytosterols + fatty acids).............................................................................................................................GC Scoville Heat (capsaicin and capsaicinoid)........................................................................................................................ HPLC Soy Isoflavones.................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC Stinging Nettles (5-hydroxytryptophan)............................................................................................................................ HPLC Theobroma cacoa (caffeine, theobromine, theophylline).................................................................................................. HPLC Tocotrienols (alpha, beta, gamma, delta).......................................................................................................................... HPLC Tomato (lycopene).............................................................................................................................................................. HPLC trans-Resveratrol................................................................................................................................................................. HPLC Ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q10)............................................................................................................................................ HPLC Valerian Extract (valerenic acid)......................................................................................................................................... HPLC Yerba Mate (caffeine, theobromine, theophylline)........................................................................................................... HPLC Zeaxanthin.......................................................................................................................................................................... HPLC

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Pricing available from a Covance representative. For updates to assays, refer to our online catalog at covance.com/nutri.