Folk Cultures. Isolation preserves Folk Cultures Influenced by physical environment. Food preferences Folk housing

FOLK CULTURE Folk Cultures Isolation preserves Folk Cultures Influenced by physical environment Food preferences Folk housing Material Culture Vis...
Author: Gregory Morris
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FOLK CULTURE

Folk Cultures Isolation preserves Folk Cultures Influenced by physical environment Food preferences Folk housing

Material Culture Visible Objects Food Clothing

Material Culture Musical Instruments Art Tools

Material Culture Architecture Materials Floor Plan Exterior Appearance

Non-Material Culture Song Dance Folklore Superstitions Gestures

Amish Folk Culture

Amish – U.S.A.

Amish USA

Amish – USA Settlements Most in Midwest… Ohio Indiana Wisconsin

Southern Uplands Appalachians Kentucky Tennessee

Scotch-Irish Corn Whisky “Moonshine”

Southern Uplands Folk Music Ballads Fiddle, Mandolin Evolved into forms of Pop Music… • Bluegrass Music –Country/Western

Diffusion of Folk Culture Origin often unknown Little or No Diffusion Folk Group – Isolated Little Contagious Diffusion from outside

Folk Songs & Stories Oral tradition between generations Provides info about Daily Activities… Farming Life Events… • Birth • Dating & Marriage • Death

Mysterious Events… • Storms • Earthquakes

Ecology of Folk Culture Little Outside Interaction… Self-Sufficient Close ties to Environment

Depends on Natural Environment… Food Medicines Housing… • Building Materials from Environment

Housing – Bamboo Tropical Rainforests Southeast Asia Amazon Panama

Housing – Adobe Sun-Dried Mud Dry Regions US Southwest Sahara

Housing – Stone Rocky Areas w/o Trees Around the Mediterranean

Housing – Stone Andes Machu Picchu

Housing – Wood Eastern U.S.A. Plymouth MA

Housing – Sod Grasslands Great Plains U.S.A. Ukraine

POPULAR CULTURE Brunei J a p a n

Popular Culture Constantly Changing

Popular Culture Mainly in Industrialized Societies Contact between Distant Places & People

Minor variations geographically

Popular Culture Major Variations over Time 1990 Æ

Folk

vs.

Small Pop. + Homogeneous Rural + Non-industrial Subsistence Economy + Hand-made Goods Family & Religion central to life Traditional Lifestyle Resistant to change

Popular Large Pop. + Heterogeneous Urban + Industrial Commercial Econ. + Mass Production Individualism Less tradition-bound

Frequent change

Folk

vs.

Isolated Poor Communication

Major Geographical Variation Navajo vs. Pygmy

Little Change over Time 1900 = 2000 ???

Popular Good Communication Much Interaction

Minor Geographical Variation LA vs. Paris vs. Rio

Major Change over Time Pop Music… • 1930, 1970, 2010

Pop Culture Regions Snack Nuts

Cigarettes

Beer Drinking Highest?

Lowest?

Fast Food

Where is most?

Cultural Food Taboos Pork

Beef

(India)

Insects (USA)

Middle East Pigs Fig. 4-6: Annual hog production is influenced by religious taboos against pork consumption in Islam and other religions. The highest production is in China, which is largely Buddhist.

Pop Culture – Origins Usually Known Originator Walt Disney The Beatles Calvin Klein

Rap ???

Pop Culture – Origins Sometimes starts as Folk Culture Then Gets Commercialized Moonshine Whisky Rodeo… • Initially a Folk Skill • Now Professional Rodeo

Pop Culture – Diffusion Rapid Spread... 1. Good Communication Systems Æ Widespread Advertising

Coca Cola Poland

Pop Culture – Diffusion 2. Good Transportation Systems Æ EZ Distribution of Pop Culture Products Travel is EZ…Spreads Pop Culture

3. Industrialization Æ Mass Produced Goods • Coke, Marlboro, Levis…

Pop Culture – Diffusion 4. Wealthy Population Æ Can afford latest Pop Culture • Cabbage Patch Dolls, Beanie Babies

Country Music Folk Music Origin Adapted to taste & technology Known Composer vs. ... Geographical Diffusion Æ Westward Southern Appalachian Highlands… Arkansas-Oklahoma Bakersfield

Popular Music – Diffusion Diffusion over time… Radio & Records • WW 2

Television Internet

English = Language of Pop Music

Pop Music – African Roots Roots in Slave-Era Music Æ Blues

Æ Jazz, Rhythm & Blues • Æ Soul • Æ Motown • Æ Hip-Hop

Æ Rock & Roll • Æ Electronica & Techno

Clothing – Folk vs. Pop Folk Clothing, based on… Climate Available Material

Clothing in Pop Culture, based on… Income and…

TV Growth Pop Culture influenced by Media TV Internet

TV related to Income… First in MDCs… Later in LDCs

Internet Also related to Income Spread more quickly than TV

Cultural Interaction Convergence Hypothesis… Differences are lessening Towards a Universal Culture “Placelessness”

Cultural Landscape “Sense of Place” “Where are you?” Characteristics that define a Place

London Transportation Landmarks

Hong Kong Architecture Transportation Signs

Amsterdam Economic Activities Architecture

Mental Maps Pathways Streets

Edges Beach

Nodes Del Amo Mall

Districts Santa Monica

Landmarks Staples Center

Pop Culture Landscapes 1. Leisure Landscapes Amusement Parks Las Vegas Theaters

Pop Culture Landscapes 2. Elitist Landscapes

Pop Culture Landscapes 3. Landscapes of Consumption

Pop Culture Landscapes 4. Landscapes of Convenience

Pop Culture Landscapes 5. “Cult of Bigness” Big things are admired Grabs attention

Cult of Bigness

Pop Culture Landscapes 6. Emphasis on Uniqueness Asserts Individuality Unique Businesses noticed

Unique Landscapes