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Nama:

Tingkatan

SULIT PROGRAM PENINGKATAN PRESTASI AKADEMIK SPM

TAHUN 2412

FIZI]( Kertas 2 Dua jam tiga puluh minit JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOATAN INI SEHINGGA DISERITAHU

1.

Kertas soolan ini odolah dalam dwibohoso.

2.

Soalan datom bahaso Inggeris me:ndahului

Untuk Kegunaan Pemeriksa Markah Markah

Bahagian

soolon yong sepodan dolom bohoso Melayu. 3.

Colon dibenorkan menjowab keseluruhan atau

sebahagian soalon samo ado dolam bahaso lnggeris otou bahaso Meloyu. 4,

Penuh

1.

4

2

5

3

6

4

7

5

8

6

8

7

10

8

L2

9

2A

10

20

11

20

T2

20

A

ndaki me m bo co makl u mot di halamon belakang kertas soalan ini. Colon

Soalan

d i ke he

B

c

Jumlah

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi25 halaman bercetak

Diperoleh

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meaning' The following information may be useful. The symbols have their usual yang biasa' berikut mungkin berfaettah. Simbol'simbol mempunyai malvta

MaHunat

r7. l=l*l f u

.l.

g=-

2.

v2 =tt? +Zas

v-u t

18.

Ir

19.

,=fA

24.

"ax /L=D

21.

Q= It

/

22.

E =VQ

mgh

23.

V*IR

5.

F=ma

6.

Kinetic energy I Tenaga kinetik

7.

Gravitational potential energy

8.

graviti

Elastic potential energy

:

I' : -mv2

1

Power,

10.

25.

masa

Density /Ketumpatan,

P=$v

Pressure

/ Telcanan, P = hre

12.

Pressure

/Tekanan,

13.

r4. 15.

Vs

Ns

yP -=-

R

.lrP

26. Effrciency

/

Kecetupan =

#:"na

Heat/ Haba, Q=mc9

28.

8:

HeatlHaba, Q=ml

29.

c=3.0"108ms1

T

16. n=-sln,

sinr

I n=__ sln c

= IzR

/Kuasa,P=*

E=mcz

PV :constant / pemalur

, + Jz

Power

27.

e=,

=

2

tlme tengga

l.

I

Power /Kuasa, P

= :' Fx

P=:lerg{

Kuasa, P =

/

24. Power/Kuasa,P=IY

/

Tenaga keupayaan kenYal

g.

Magniffing Power Kuasa pembesaran

3. s=ttt+-at' z 4. Momentum = mv

Tenaga keuPaYaan

v

l0 m s-2

%

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3

Section A Bahagian A 160 marks] Answer all questions in this section. ,Jatpab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini. Diagram 1 shows a rvooden dipper oscillating on the surface of water to generate water waves.

Rajah I menunjukkan sehuah pencelup kayu bergetar pada permukaan air untuk menjana gelombang air.

Wooden dipper Pencelup kayu

Diagraml lRajahl

(a)

Underline the correct answer in the brackets to complete the sentence below. Water waves are (longitudinal, transverse) waves.

{l

mark)

Garis jcwapan yang hetul dalam kurungan untuk melengkapknn ayat di bawah.

}

Gelombang air ialah gelombang (membujur, melintang).

(b)

The water waves generated travel with certain speed on the surface of the water. State one factor which affects the speed of the water waves. Gelombang air yang dijana bergerak dengan laju yang tertentu pada permukaan air. Nyatakctn satufaktor yang mempengaruhi laju gelombang air.

.} (c)

markahl

(i)

(ii)

mark)

I[1

markah]

What happens to the energy of the water waves as it travels away from the wooden dipper? Apaknlt yang berlaku kepada tenago bagi gelombang apabila ia bergerak menjauhi pencelup kayu itu?

fi

marlcl

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markahl

ll

markl

lll

markahl

Name the phenomenon in (cXi). Namokan .fe nomena di (cXi).

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Diagram 2.1 shows a stopwatch after it has been reset. Diagram 2.2 shows the reading of the stopwatch after it was used to measure the time taken for 20 oscillations of a simple pendulum. Rajah 2.1 menunjukkan sebuah jam randik selepas iam randik ttu diset semula. niian2.2 menunjukkan bacaanjam randik itu selepas jam randik itn digunakan untuk mengukur maso yang diambit untuk^a ayunan sebuah bandul ringkas.

i-_ qlb_:y

Diagram 2.1 / Raiah2.l

(a)

Diagram 2.2 / Raiah2.2

Name the type of error found on the stopwatch in Diagram 2'1' Namakan jenis ralat yang terdapat padaiam randik dslam Rajah2.l.

II

(b) (i)

mark]

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What is the actual time taken for 20 oscillations of the simple pendulum? Apakah masa yang sebenar untuk20 ayunan bagi handul ringkas itu?

fl markl lll

(ii)

markahl

marknhj

Calculate the period of oscillation of the simple pendulum. Hitunglan tempoh ayunan bandulringkas itu-

[2 marks] / [2 markahl

(c)

What will happen to the period of oscillation if the length of the simple pendulum is increased? Apakah yarg akan terjadi kepada tempoh ayunan jikn paniang bandul ringkas itu dttambah?

p markl

lll

markahl

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Diagram 3 shows a man taking aim to spear a fish. Rajah 3 menunjukkan seorang lelaki mensqsarkan lembtngnya dengan tuiuan melembing seekor ikan.

Diagram (a)

3 I Raiah3

The spear fails to hit the fish when it was thrown along the direction of his aim' Lembing itu gagal mengena ikan itu apabila dibaling sepanjang arah yang disasarkan.

(i)

State

two reasons, in terms of the propagation of light, why the spear did not

hit the fish. Nyatakan dua sebab, dalam sebutan perambatan cahoya, mengapa lembing itu tidak mengena ikan itu.

[2 marks] /12 markahl

(ii)

Draw light rays to show the position of the fish as seen by the man. Lukislron sinar cahaya untuk menuniukkan kedudukan iknn seperti dilihat oleh orang itu. [2 marksJ /[2 marlmhl

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(b)

The fish is at a depth of 1.2 m from the surface of the water. What is the distance of the image of the fish below the surface of the water? [Refractive index of water = 1.33] Ikan itu berada pada kedalaman 1.2 m dari permukaan air. Berapakah jarak bagi imej ikan itu di bawah permukaun air? flndelrs biasan air = |.33]

[2 marksJ I [2 markah] Diagram 4.1 shovrs four diodes connected to an altemating current supply. The output terminals X and Y across the resistor R are connected to a cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO). The time base of the CRO is set at 0.01 s/division. Diagrarn 4.2 sho.vs the trace obtained on the screen of the CRO. Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan empat diod disambung kepada belcalan arus ulangalik Terminal-terminal outputX danY merentasi perintang R disambung kepada sebuah osiloskap sinar katod (OSK). Dasar mosa OSK itu dilaras kepada A.At slbahagian. Rajah 4.2 menunjukkan surihan yang diperoleh pada slcrin OSK itu.

;1';i;i; j;i;.i;

j;

IY V:VV VV:Y

Diagram 4.1

/

Rajah 4.1

Diagram 4.2 I Rojah 4.2

(a) What is the function of a diode? Apakah fungsi sebuah diad?

(b)

l}

I

mark]

ll

markl I

morkah]

Based on Diagram 4.2: Berdasarkan Rajah 4.2: Determine the period of the altemating current supply' Tentukan tempoh bagi bekalan arus ulangalik itu.

(i)

ll

markahl

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(ii)

Calculate the frequency of the alternating current supply. Hitungfrekuensi bagi bekalan arus ulangalik itu:

[2 marksJ /12 markahl

(c)

During the first half cycle, the current from P to Q follows the path P -* A --* B * X * Y -* C -* D - Q. Write down the path of the current during the second half cycle from Q to

P.

Semasa separuh kitar pertama, arus dari P ke Q mengikuti lintasan P --* A *+ B --+ X -.- Y --r C --* D Q. Tulislran lintasan bagi arus semosa separuh kitar yang ludua dari Q ke P.

*

ImarkJ/$markah]

(d) On Diagram 4.3, sketch the trace that will be obtained on the screen of the CRO when all the diodes in the circuit are reversed. Pada Rajah 4.3, lakarkan surihan yang alnn diperoleh pada slcrin OSK itu apabila kcsemua diad dalam litar tersebut disongsangkan.

Diagram 4.3

I

Rajah 4.3

I (e)

mark]

lfi

markahl

Name the component that has to be connected to the circuit to smoothen the output voltage. Namalan komponen yang perlu disambungkan ke dalam litar itu untuk meratakan vokan outpul.

[1 markl

/ll

markah]

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I Diagram 5.i and Diagram 5.2 show identical metal blocks of mass 50 g hanging from a spring balance and immersed in water and cooking oil respectively. Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2 menunjuklsn blok logam yong serupa herjisim 50 gdigantung daripada neraca spring dan direndam ke dalam air dan minyak masak masing'masing'

Cooking oil Minyak mosak

Water

Air Diagram 5.1

(a)

/

Rajah 5.1

Diagram 5.2

I

Rajah 5.2

State the physical quantity measured by a spring balance.

Nyatakan kuantiti fizik yang diukur oleh neraca spring itu.

II mark] lll

(b) (i)

Compare the pressure at point A and point B in Diagram 5.1. Explain your answer. Bandingkan tekanan di titik A dan titikB dalam Raiah 5.1. Jelaskan jawapan anda.

[2 marks] /

(ii)

markah]

12

markahl

Explain how the difference in pressure in 5(b)(ii) exerts an upthrust on the metal block. Terangkon bagaimana perbezaan tekanan dt s(bxii) mengenakan satu daya tujah ke otas pada blok logam itu.

[1 mark]

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markahl

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(c)

Based on Diagram 5.1 and Diagram 5.2:

Berdasarkan Rajah 5.1 dan Rajah 5.2:

(i)

Cornpare the readings of the spring balances. Bandingkan bacaan neraca-neraca spring itu.

I (ii)

lfi

markahl

Relate the reading of the spring balance to the upthrust on the metal block. Hubungkaitksn bacaan neraco spring kepoda daya tujah ke atas pada blok logam itu.

I (iii)

mark]

mark]

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markah)

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markah]

Compare the density of water to the density of cooking oil. Bandingkan ketumpaton air dengan ketumpatan minyak masak.

I (iv) State the relationship

mark]

between the density of a liquid and the upthnrst

exerted by the liquid. Nyatakan hubungan antara ketumpatan suatu cecair dengan daya tujah ke stas yang dikenakan oleh cecair itu.

I 6

mark]

lll

Two nuclear reactions A and B are represented by the following equations: Dua tindak balas nuUear A dan B diwakili oleh persamaan berikut: Nuclear reaction A I Tindak balas nuklear A

tlf u+j

n+'!jna+lf rr

+3

jn

+ Energy (Tenaga)

Nuclear reaction B / Tindak balas nuklear B

]U+]U-+lHe+ jn + Energy (Tenaga) Table 6.1 shows the mass of the nuclides involved in the reactions. Jadual6.l menunjukkan jisim bagi nuklid yang terlibat dalam tindak balas itu.

merkah]

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Nuclide Nuklid ,?,1u

'r'j

gu

Mass / u Jisim /u 235.04392

Nuclide

Mass

Nuklid

Jisim 1u

ln

2.Al4t02

t4a.9t44t

lH 1H'

3.016049

ll r' jn

9t.92611

4.0426A3

/ Jadual6.l

What is the meaning of a nuclide? Apakah maluud

nukliil [1 mark]

(b)

u

r.00867 Table 6.1

(a)

/

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marlcahl

In Table 6.2, write down the total mass of the nuclides before and after each of the nuclear reaction. Dalam Jadual 6.2, tulisken jumlah jisim nuklid-nuklid tersebut sebelum dan selepas setiap tindak balas nuklear. [3 marks] / [3 markahl Nuclear reection Tindak balas

nuklear

Total mass before reaction Jumlahji.sim sebelum tindak balas

Total mass after reaction Jumlahjisim selepas tindak balas

A B

Table 6.2

(c) (i)

/

Jadual6.2

Compare the total mass of the nuclides before and after each nuclear reaction. Barulingkan jumlah jisim nuUid sebelum dan selepas .setiap tindak balas.

I (ii)

markJ

lfl

markohl

From the results obtained in Table 6.2, deduce how energy is produced in a nuclear reaction. Daripada keputusan yang diperoleh dalam Jadual6.2, dedulcsilcan bcgaimana tenaga dihasilkan dalam satu tindak halas nuklear.

I

mark]

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markahl

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(d) (i)

Which nuclear reaction can cause a chain reaction? Tindak balas nuklecr manakah boleh menyebabkan tindck balas berantai?

fl

(i0

markl

/ll

markahl

Name the rod that is used to control the reaction in a nuclear reactor. Namakan rod yang digunakan untuk mengawal tindak balas lersebut dalam sebuah reaktor nukl ear.

I

markJ

/ll

narkah]

Diagram 7.1 shows an a.c. generator in which a coil is being tumed in a magnetic field. Raiih7.l menunjukkan sehuah penjana a.u. di mana satu gegelung diputar dolam medan msgnet. Rotation / Putaran

Slip ring Gelang gelincir

Diagram 7.1 / Raiah 7.1

(a)

(i)

(ii)

(b)

What is the meaning of magnetic field? Apakah malxud metlan nagnet?

I

mark]

l{l

markah}

I

mark]

l$

markahl

Why does the bulb light up? Mengapakah mentol itu men7,6l6/

Some modifications need to be done to the a.c. generator in Diagram 7.1 to convert it into a d.c. motor. Beberapa pengubahsuaian perlu ditakukan terhadap peniana u.u. dalam Raiah 7.1 untuk meniadikannya sebuah molor a.t.

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l2 (i)

(ii)

(c)

State the modification that has to be done to the slip rings. Nyotakan pengubahsuaian yang perlu dilakukan terhadap gelang gelincir.

[1 mark]

/tl

marlnhl

I

/fi

markahl

What component should replace the light bulb? Apalrah komponen yang harus menggantikan mentol?

markJ

Diagram 7.2 shows the cross-sectional view of the coil and magnet of the d.c. motor. Rajah 7.2 menunjulckan pandangan keratan rentas bagi gegelung dan magnet bagi motor a.t. itu.

Current out Arus keluar

Current in Arus masuk

Diagram 7.2 / Rojah 7.2

In Diagram 7.2, draw the resultant magnetic field that causes the coil to rotate. Show the direction of the force,4 that acts on the coil. Dalqm Rajah 7.2, Iukis medan magnet paduan yang menyebabkan gegelung itu berpular. Tunjuklean aroh daya, F, yang bertindak ke atas gegelung itu. [2 marks]

/[2

markah]

(d) Further modifications need to be done to make the motor turn faster. State the modifications and give a reason for your answers. Pengubohsuaian selanjutnya perlu dilakulcon untuk membuat motor itu berputar dengan lebih laju. Nyatakan pengubahsuaian itu dan beri sebab bagi jawopan anda.

(i)

The coil I Gegelung;

Reason I Sebab:

[2 marks] l12 markahl

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(ii)

The magnet I Magnet

:

Reason / Sehab:

i;;:;;:;lii;;;;;i A coach has to train and select participants for a competition. During the training session, trainees were asked to run up an inclined surface from point X to point Y as shown in Diagram 8. Seorang jurulafih pertu melatih dan memilih peserta untuk satu pertandingan. Semasa dari titikX ke sest laiian petatth-pelatih climinta berlari naik satu permulcsan condong titikY seperti yang dituniukkan dalam Raiah 8'

Diagram

8 I RaiahY

Three trainees A, B and C run up the inclined surface 6 times and the times recorded are shown in Table 8, Tiga orang petatih A, B dan C berlari menaiki permukaan condong itu enam lali dan masa yang dicatatkan dituniukkan dalam Jadual S.

Trainee

Mass / kg

Pelatih

Jisin /kg

Time / s Masa / s I

2

3

4

5

6

A

48

5.4

5.5

5.6

6.r

6.3

6.5

B

52

5.8

6.0

6.5

6.9

"t.7

8.5

C

48

6.r

6.2

6.4

6.1

6.t

6.1

Average

Purala

Table8 /JadualS

(a) What is the meaning of energY? Apakah maksud tenaga?

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(b)

(c)

Calculate the average time of each trainee and write the answers in Table 8. Hitungkan masa purata bogi setiap pelatih dan tulis iawapannya dalam Jadual 8. [2 marks] I [2 markah] For trainee A, calculate: Bagi pelatih A" hitungkan:

(i)

(ii)

The potential energy gained when he runs from X to Y. Tenaga keupoyaanyang diperoleh apabila dia herlari dari

x

k4

[2 marks] I [2 markah] The average power generated. Ignore the work done against friction. Kuasa purata yang diianakan. Abaikan keria yang dilakukan menentang geseran.

[2 marks]

(d)

Y.

l[2

markah]

Based on the results of the training, which trainee should the coach choose to

compete in: Berclasarfutn keputusan latihan tersebut, pelatih manakah yangiurulatih itu perlu pilih untuk bertanding dalam:

(i)

a 100 m race I perlumbaan 100 m?

Reason I Sebab:

[2 marksJ /12 markah)

(ii)

a I 500 m race I perlumbaan 1500 m?

Reason I Sebab:

t2 marks] I

12

narkahJ

(e) For the trainee who is not selected in either d(i) or d(ii), give a reason why the coach did not select him or her. Bagi pelatih yang tidak dipilih sama ada clalam ld(i) atau 8d(ii), beri satu sebab ke napa j urul at i h t i da k me mil ihnya.

ii

;;i ii;;;;;n

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Section B

BahaginnB [20 marks] Answer any one question from this section. Jawab mano-mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini.

Diagram 9.1 shows the heating curves for liquid M and liquid N. Both liquids have with a2AA W heater for 5 minutes. Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan lengkung-lengkung pemanasan bagi cecair M dan cecair N. Kedua-dua cecair mempunydi jisim 200 g dan dipanaskan oleh pemanas 200 W selama 5 minit. mass 200 g and were heated

Temperature / oC Suhu /

oC

300 2s0 200 150

t00 50

I

2

3

4

5

Time/minule Masa / minit

Diagram 9.1 / Rajah9.l Table 9 gives the values of the specific heat capacity of liquid M and liquid N. Jadual9 memberikan nilai-nilai muatan haba tentu bagi cecairM dan cecairN.

Liquid Cecair M N

oC-r

Specific heat capacity / J kg-r oa-t Muatan hoba tentul J kg-t 1200 1800

Table

(a)

9 / Jadual9

What is the meaning of specific heat capacity? Apalrah maksud muatsn habo tentu?

I

mark]

/ll

markahl

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(b)

Based on the heating curyes in Diagram 9.1: B e r d as

ar ka n

Ie

ngku n g- I e n g ku ng pe ma na s an

ciu la

m

R

ai ah

9.1:

(i)

Compare the heat energy supplied to liquid M and liquid N. Bandingkan tenaga haba yang dibekalfun kepada cecairM dan eecairN.

(ii)

Compare the specific heat capacity of liquid M and liquid N. Bondingkan muotan haba tentu bagi cecair M dan cecairN.

(iii)

Compare the final temperature of liquid M and liquid N. Bandingkan suhu akhir cecair M dan cecairN.

(iv)

Compare the rate of increase of temperature of liquid M and liquid N. Bandingkan kador kenoilmn suhu cecairM dan cecairN.

(v)

Relate the specific heat capacity of the liquid to its rate of increase in temperature. Hubungkaitkan muatan haba tentu cecair kepada kndar kenaikan suhunya. [5 marks] l[5 markah]

(c)

Explain why water is used as a cooling liquid in engines. Terangkan mengapa air digunakan sebagai cecair penyejuk dalam enjin. [4 marks] l[4 martuh]

(d)

Diagram 9.2 shows an electric rice cooker. Raj ah 9 .2 me nunj ukkan .s e b uah p e r iuk nas i

eIe

ktr i k.

Outer pot Periuk ltur

Aluminium inner pot Periuk dalom aluminium

Heating element Elemen pemanas

Diagram 9.2

/

Rajah9.2

You are required to give suggestions to modify the electric rice cooker to become a slow cooker that can cook food slowly with low heat to maintain the nutritional value and taste of the food. Anda dikehendaki memberi cadangan untuk mengubahsuai periuk nasi elektrik itu untuk menlodi sebttah periuk perlahan yang holeh mernasak makanan dengan perlahan menggunakan haba rendoh untuk mengekallmn khasiat dan kelazatan malntnan itu.

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Explain your suggestions based on the following aspects: Teranglwn cadangan anda ber das arknn aspek'aspe k b e r ihtt :

(i)

the type of material of the outer pot jenis bahan periuk luar

(ii)

the type of material of the inner pot jenis bahan periuk dalam

(iii)

the space between the inner pot and outer pot ruang antara periuk dalam dan periuk luar

(iv)

the pcwer of the heating element kuasa element pemanes

(v)

the cover of the outer pot penutup periuk

luar

[10 marksJ I fiA narkahl

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l8

l0 (a)

Diagram l0.l shows the side view of two water tanks. When the motors on the wooden dippers are switched on, the wooden dippers oscillate on the surface of the water and produce vrater waves. Rajah IAJ minunjukkan pandangan sisi bagi dua buah tangki air. Apabila motor pada pencelup kayu dihidupktn, pencelup latyu itu bergelar pada permuktan air dan menghasilkan gelombong air.

Motor Motor

Motor Motor

Dipper Pencelup

Region Q Kawasan Q

Water

Giass plate

Water

Glass plate

Air

Plat kacct

Air

PIat kaca

Diagram

l0.l /

Rajah l0,t

Diagram 10.2 shows the aerial view of the propagation of the waves into region

P

and Q.

Rajah 10.2 menunjukkon pandangan alas bagi perambatan gelombang itu ke klwasanP dan Q. Region Q Kawasan Q

Region P

Ftil

KawasanP

I

ffii

H]

EflI

lilll

ffil \

\

Angle of deviation Sudut sisihan

Dipper Pencelup

Diagram 10.2

(i)

(ii)

Dipper Pencelup

I

Angle of deviation Sudut sisihan

Rajah lA.2

What is the meaning of wavelength? Apakah mal