Fig 1 System overview of GSM Energy Meter

1083 Vol 05, Article 06372 June 2014 International Journal of VLSI and Embedded Systems-IJVES http://ijves.com ISSN: 2249 – 6556 GSM Based Energy ...
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1083 Vol 05, Article 06372 June 2014

International Journal of VLSI and Embedded Systems-IJVES

http://ijves.com

ISSN: 2249 – 6556

GSM Based Energy Meter with Prepaid/Postpaid Facility N A RAI1, R Sathyanarayana2, 1,2

Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Dr.D.Y.Patil,Talegaon,Ambi,Pune,India 1 [email protected], [email protected]

ABSTRACT This paper discusses the GSM Based prepaid and postpaid Energy meter. This Energy Meter have capabilities like remote monitoring and controlling, Automatic Meter Reading, Theft Detection, Message alert, Auto disconnect and connect in case of Non Payment of bill. With the prepaid facility consumer can recharge power units according to their requirement. Energy Meter utilizes GSM network, since it is a fastest & simplest way to communicate with the consumer. Consumer would receive SMS regarding electricity bill, tempering alert & recharge amount. This project helps in better energy management, conservation of energy and also solves unnecessary hassles over incorrect billing. The automated billing system will keep track of the real time consumption will leave little scope for disagreement. In this way this project is beneficial for energy provider, IT Park, individual house holder. Keywords: GSM, AMR, SMS, Energy Meter [1] INTRODUCTION Electricity is one of the vital requirements for sustainment of comfort of life. It should be used very judiciously for its proper utilization. In our country distribution of electricity is unequal. Some cities have surplus of electricity while others do not have even access to it. Our policies of distribution are responsible for this because energy provider still not able to correctly estimate the total energy required and still power theft is prevailing. In our country mostly traditional electro mechanical watt meters are used to take readings for power usages. These meter readings are used for further billing. This billing system is error prone as well as time and labour consuming. Error may introduced at many stages like meter error due to mechanical power meter, human error while noting down meter readings and error while processing the paid and due bills. On the other hand there is no proper way by which consumer can get information about his load and power usage. To avoid all these pit falls this paper represents a technology GSM based Prepaid and Post-paid Energy Meter. 2. SYSTEM OVERVIEW

Fig 1 System overview of GSM Energy Meter As Shown in Fig. Energy meter are interfaced with microcontroller unit & installed in consumer house. Energy meter generates pulses which are stored in the memory. These pulses are further converted into power units. Microcontroller unit are also interfaced to GSM modem through RS 232 serial communication for remote monitoring and controlling domestic energy meter. The data is sent through GSM Modem and network on request or after a particular interval. Once the meter received the request of data from the energy provider, SMS gateway will immediately reply the meter reading with that date and time. The data received from meter is stored in database server through SMS gate Way for processing and record. This data received from meter are stored in database Server according to Meter ID that is providing to customer house. At the end of each month the server uses the detail of database server and calculates the bill amount and sends the complete detail of consummation of unit, and total bill amount. Energy provider also generates tempering alert in case of Nonpayment of bill & it can also use auto disconnect feature if bill is not paid in time. In case of prepaid energy meter first the consumer recharge the power units & then uses the electricity. When power unit goes below certain amount consumer will get alert message to recharge the power units.

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1084 Vol 05, Article 06372 June 2014

International Journal of VLSI and Embedded Systems-IJVES

http://ijves.com

ISSN: 2249 – 6556

3. BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure 2 shows a block diagram of GSM based Energy Meter. This system continuously monitors and records the energy usages. This can be achieved by using microcontroller. As shown in fig microcontroller unit is interface with energy meter and LCD. Microcontroller unit continuously monitor the energy meter and pulses display on LCD. That’s give the information of power consumption in a house. For communication purpose microcontroller unit is also interfaced with GSM modem by using RS 232. LCD

ENERGY METER

.

SMART CARD

ARM

RELAY

LPC 2138

Valve

MEMORY

GSM MODEM µC

EEPROM POWER SUPPLY BUZZER Fig 2: Block diagram of GSM based energy meter

Valve

3.1 Microcontroller The main controlling part of this system is microcontroller LPC2138. LPC2138 has Low power consumption (3.30v) with 32 bit ARM7, 32Kb of static RAM,512 Kb of Flash program Memory, 16 analog channel 10 bit ADC (ADC0 & ADC15),Configurable Interrupt Priority controller (VIC),9 External Interrupts , Max Clock 60 MHz (Typically we use 12Mhz), Single 10 bit D to A Converter, Two 32 bit timer / Counter, Inbuilt RTC(Real time clock),2 Serial ports , 2 Fast I2C , 2 SPI modules, Up to 47 General Purpose I/O’s (5V tolerant),Power saving Modes (Idle , Shut down). 3.2 Energy measuring module Energy measuring module continuously measuring the instantaneous voltage and current and finding the product of these to give instantaneous electrical power. It is spout the power in the form of pulses and also give the information of power on and off status. This data are display on to the Liquid Crystal Display. 3.3 Relay Circuit Relay circuits are interfaced with the energy meter and microcontroller. Relay circuit are used for switching the consumer's main consumption line between cut-off and power supply mode. It is proved to be very helpful feature for energy Provider Company, who can remotely switch into cut off mode from power on mode of any consumer due to nonpayment of electricity bills / has large outstanding dues. it can reconnect the power supply after payment of dues. 3.4 Liquid crystal display A Liquid crystal display is interfaced to microcontroller unit that are used to display the meter reading & display various notification. 3.5 Data storage unit AT24C04 is electrically erasable programmable read only memory is used for the data stored in its 4KB Memory. EEPROM interfaced with the microcontroller by using 2 wire serial interfaces. If power cut off the content of RAM must be stored in EEROM, and when power will be back the energy meter will be start from its previous state. 3.6 Temper detection unit Today energy theft is a serious problem due to energy theft heavy revenue losses are incurred by country. A tempering unit used for stop of this energy theft that sent the alert to energy Provider Company when tempering occurs. If any person tries to tempering with energy meter the tempering unit will be activated and as SMS alert send central server of the energy provider company. 3.7 GSM modem Quad-band intelligent GSM modem suitable for long duration data transmission. To implement AMR system a GSM modem is connected to a microcontroller which would transmits data from a meter to cell phone and also receive commend from cell phone to energy meter. The modem will send unit or pulses (power consumption) on

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1085 Vol 05, Article 06372 June 2014

International Journal of VLSI and Embedded Systems-IJVES

http://ijves.com

ISSN: 2249 – 6556

a regular interval or on a request. AT commands set which stands for attention terminal are used by energy meter to communicate with the GSM MODEM. 3.8 Total load calculation AMR also give the information of total load used in a house on request at any time. Total load used in any house can be calculated by observed or record N number of pulse in T time that is described by equation . Total load = Kh * N * 3600/ T Where Kh =Meter constant N=Number of pulse T = Total pulse time of N pulses Energy meter also sends a SMS alert to the energy provider company and customers if any persons used more than specify limit of load. The energy provider company can disconnect the power of respective customer. So customers manage their house power consumption. 4. Technical Specification Sr. No.

Parameter

Specification

1.

2.

Single Phase power Meter GSM modem

5-20A, 240V, 50 HZ, 3200 IRM/KWh Tri band GSM modem (GSM900/1800 MHz) designed for data SMS

3. 4 5.

Microcontroller Memory LCD

LPC2138 Non Volatile EEPROM AT2404 16*2 LCD

5. FLOW DIAGRAM The two facilities provided to the user Prepaid & Postpaid Facility. User can select one of facility. The Prepaid facility is “ PAY BEFORE USE” and Post-paid facility is “PAY AFTER USE”.

6. Hardware Implementation and results

Fig 5: prototype model of GSM Based Prepaid/Post-paid Energy Meter Fig 6: VB System for Prepaid Facility.

Fig 7: SMS for Meter reading on EB.

Fig 8: SMS for Meter Reading on consumer Mobile.

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1086 Vol 05, Article 06372 June 2014

International Journal of VLSI and Embedded Systems-IJVES

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ISSN: 2249 – 6556

5.1Flow Diagram for Post-Paid Facility.

Start

A

A

X B

Initialize LCD & Energy Meter

No Is SMS= Reading

C No Is EM pulse detected?

Yes Send reading to the database server

Yes Increment meter reading & store in EEPROM

C

No

No

SMS=

No Is Serial interrupt detected?

D

SMS = power cut

Reconnect

Yes

Yes

Yes

Disconnect Power

Connect Power Read the EM number from received frame and compare with its own EM number

B

C No Is Authenticated

Is SEAL Break No

Yes Yes

Receive & Read the SMS

Send SMS for seal break

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1087 Vol 05, Article 06372 June 2014

International Journal of VLSI and Embedded Systems-IJVES

http://ijves.com

ISSN: 2249 – 6556

Fig 3 Flow Chart for Post-Paid Facility. 5.2 Flow Chart for Prepaid Facility Z

Start

No

Is Serial interrupt detected

Initialize LCD & Energy Meter

X

X Yes IS EM Pulse Detected?

No Read the EM number from received frame and compare with its own EM number

detected Yes Is Authenticated

Y

Decrement the meter reading & store in the EEPROM

No

Yes

Receive SMS regarding recharge

Y

Z

Insert Smart Card

IS Smart Card Detected?

Y

Unauthorized access

X

No

Yes Recharge the power unit

Fig 4 Flow Chart for Prepaid

X

Display invalid, insert the valid card

Y

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1088 Vol 05, Article 06372 June 2014

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International Journal of VLSI and Embedded Systems-IJVES

ISSN: 2249 – 6556

CONCLUSIONS The GSM based energy meter demonstrates and implement new concept of power meter reading system. This system reduces the human errors occurred at various stages & thus increases the efficiency in the billing system which improves customer services. This in turn increases revenues with more accurate and timely billing. It provides various features such as Auto Connect-Disconnect, Remote ON-OFF control, Tempering Alert feature, E-Billing, Theft detection & data security. With the prepaid facility consumer first recharge the power unit & then use it. This facility brings the awareness in efficiently using power & reduces the unnecessary wastage of power. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I express my sense of gratitude towards my project guide Ast.Prof.R.Sathyanarayana for his valuable guidance at every step of study of this dissertation, also his contribution for the solution of every problem at each stage. I am thankful to Prof. R.P.Borole Head of the department of B.E. E & TC Engineering and all the staff members who extended the preparatory steps of this dissertation. I am very much thankful to respected Principal Dr. S. D. Shirbahadurkar for his support and providing all facilities to complete the project. Finally I want to thank to all of my friends for their support & suggestions. Last but not the least I want to express thanks to my family for giving me support and confidence at each and every stage of this project. REFERENCES [1]Dr. Mohd Yunus B Nayan1, Aryo Handoko Primicanta 2009. Hybrid System Automatic Meter Reading. International Conference on computer technology and Development,(ICCTD -09), pp: 264-267. [2]Kwang il Hwang 2009. Fault-tolerant ZigBee-basedAutomatic Meter Reading Infrastructure. Journal of Information Processing Systems, Vol.5, No.4, pp: 221-228. [3]H.G.Rodney, Tan IEEE, C.H.Lee and V.H.Mok, 2007. Automatic Power Meter Reading system using GSM Network .The 8th International Power Engineering Conference,pp: 465-469. [4]Md. Wasi-ur-Rahman, Mohammad Tanvir Rahman,Tareq Hasan Khan and S.M. Lustful Kabi,2009 an Intelligent SMS Based Remote Metering System.IEEE International Conference on Information and Automation,pp:1040-1043.

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