Female Reproductive System. Anatomy

Female Reproductive System Chapter Eight Medical Terminology HIT # 141 Anatomy • Ovaries = pair of organs located in the pelvic cavity. • Ovum = fem...
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Female Reproductive System

Chapter Eight Medical Terminology HIT # 141

Anatomy • Ovaries = pair of organs located in the pelvic cavity. • Ovum = female sex cell. • Graafian follicles = thousands of microscopic sacs that make up a large portion of the ovaries. Each follicle contains an immature ovum. • Fallopian or uterine tube = pair of tubes attached to the uterus, passageway for the ovum. • Fimbria = finger like ends of the fallopian tube. • Uterus = muscular organ, in pelvic cavity (womb).

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Anatomy • Endometrium = lining of the uterus. • Myometrium = muscular middle layer. • Perimetrium = outer thin layer, covers the surface of the uterus. • Corpus = large central portion. • Fundus = rounded upper portion of uterus. • Cervix = narrow lower portion of the uterus. • Vagina = tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body. • Hymen = fold of membrane found near the opening of the vagina.

Female glands • Bartholin’s glands = pair, mucus producing glands, aid in lubrication. • Mammary glands = milk producing glands. • Mammary papilla = breast nipple. • Areola = dark area around the breast nipple. • Vulva = two pairs of lips that surround the vagina. • Perineum = pelvic floor, in both male and female, in women area between the vaginal opening and the anus.

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Combining forms • • • • • • • • • •

Arche/o = first beginning. Cervic/o = cervix. Colp/o vagin/o = vagina. Culd/o = cul-de-sac. Episi/o vulv/o = vulva. Gynec/o gyn/o = woman. Hyster/o uter/o = uterus. Mamm/o = breast. Men/o = menstruation oophor/o = ovary. Salping/o = fallopian tube

Prefix & Suffixes • Peri- surrounding, outer • -atresia- absence of a normal body opening, occlusion or closure. • -ial = pertaining to • -salpinx = fallopian tube

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Disease & Disorder • • • • • • • • •

Amenorrhea = absence of menstrual discharge. Cervicitis = inflammation of the cervix. Vaginitis = inflammation of the vagina. Dysmenorrhea = painful menstrual discharge. Endometritis = inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus. Endometrium. Hematosalpinx = blood in the fallopian tube. Hydrosalpinx = water in the fallopian tube. Mastitis = inflammation of the breast. Metrorrhea = excessive discharge for the uterus.

Disease & Disorder • Menometrorrhagia = rapid flow of blood from the uterus at menstruation. (and between cycles). • Oophoritis = inflammation of the ovary. • Perimetritis = inflammation surrounding the outer layer of the uterus. • Pyosalpinx = pus in the fallopian tube. • Salpingitis = inflammation of the fallopian tube. • Salpingocele = hernia of the fallopian tube. • Vulvovaginitis = inflammation of the vulva and vagina.

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Disease & Disorder Terms • Adenomyosis = growth of endometrium into the muscular portion of the uterus. • Fibrocystic breast disease = disorder characterized by one or more benign tumors in the breast. • Fibroid tumor = benign fibroid tumor of the uterine muscle. • Prolapsed uterus = downward displacement of the uterus in the vagina. • Toxic shock syndrome = severe illness, high fever, vomiting, myalgia, affects women using tampons.

Surgical Terms • • • • • •

Cervicectomy = excision of the cervix. Colpoplasty = surgical repair of the vagina. Colporrhaphy = suture of the vagina. Episiorrhaphy = suture of a tear in the vulva. Hysterectomy = excision of the uterus. Hysterosalpingo-oophorectomy = excision of the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries. • Mammoplasy = surgical repair of the breasts. • Mastectomy = surgical removal of a breast. • Oophorectomy = excision of an ovary.

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Surgical Terms • Oophorosalpingectomy = excision of an ovary and a fallopian tube. • Perineorrhaphy = suture of a tear in the perineum. • Salpingectomy = excision of a fallopian tube. • Salpingostomy = creation of an artificial opening in a fallopian tube, to restore patency. • Dilatation & Curettage = D & C dilatation of the cervix and scraping of the endometrium.

Surgical Terms • Tubal ligation = closure of the fallopian tubes for sterilization. • Myomectomy = excision of a fibroid tumor from the uterus. • Hysterosalpingogram = x-ray film of the uterus and fallopian tubes. • Mammogram = x-ray film of the breast. • Sonohysterography = process of recording the uterus by use of ultrasound. • Colposcope = instrument used for visual examination of the vagina.

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Surgical Terms • Culdoscopy = visual examination of the culde-sac. • Hysteroscope = instrument used for visual examination of the uterus. • Hysteroscopy = visual examination of the uterus. • Culdocentesis = surgical puncture to remove fluid from the cul-de-sac.

Complementary Terms • Colpalgia = pain in the vagina. • Gynecologist = physician who specializes in gynecology. • Gynopathic = pertaining to disease of women. • Leukorrhea = white discharge from the vagina. • Mastoptosis = sagging of the breast. • Menarche = beginning of menstruation. • Oligomenorrhea = scanty menstrual flow.

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Complementary Terms • Dyspareunia = difficult of painful intercourse. • Estrogen Replacement Therapy = ERT replacement of hormones to treat menopause. • Fistula = abnormal passageway between two organs or between an internal organ and the body surface. • Menopause = cessation of menstruation. • Premenstrual Syndrome = PMS physical and emotional symptoms occurring 10 days before menstruation, not fully understood.

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Abbreviations

A & P repair = anterior & posterior colporrhaphy. Cx = cervix D & C = dilation and curettage. ERT = estrogen replacement therapy FBD = fibrocystic breast disease GYN = gynecology HRT = hormone replacement therapy PID = pelvic inflammatory disease PMS = premenstrual syndrome TAH = total abdominal hysterectomy TSS = toxic shock syndrome

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End of Chapter # 8

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