Facilitating the move from black to green economy in Norway; PFI a central hub for development of innovative biorefinery technologies Karin Øyaas, PFI, Norway BSR Stars S3 meeting, Tammerfors, June 15, 2016 Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Agenda  The shift green – black – green/blue  About PFI; R&D focus on Biomass Conversion  Actual and concrete issues/activities of the research institute and its innovations and innovative aspects  How you cooperate with business  What are your experience, plans and interests for international cooperation

 Concluding remarks

Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Revival of the Norwegian Forest based Sector Green - Black – Green/Blue  Wood is the main green biomass resource in Norway. At the turn of the 18th century the pulp and paper industry accounted for up to 60% of our Industry export value.  1969: Oil discovered on the Norwegian continental shelf - an expanding oil industry has ensured long-term wealth and welfare.  Recent years:  Environmental concern has initiated a shift in R&D focus to strengthen development of biobased processes and products (green and blue biomass).  Norwegian Pulp and paper industry is facing severe challenges – need to develop alternative products.  Fish breeding industry shows strong growth. Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Paper and Fibre Research Institute (PFI) Key facts  Established1923  Independent research institute  Member of the INNVENTIA group (S) since 2004 •

Innventia group: World-leading research institute working with innovations based on forest raw materials

 PFI has long experience in R&D related to processing of / products based on lignocellulose • • • •

Fibre, pulp and paper New bio-based materials and chemicals, e.g. biocomposites, nanocellulose, biochemicals Biorefining and bioenergy Raw materials and characterisation

 Co-localised with NTNU* in Trondheim  Several external PhD-students/postdocs *: Norw. Univ. of Science and Technology

Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

PFI works along the whole value chain

Printing paper

Packaging

Fiber

Lignocellulose

Biorefinery

New biobased materials

Biofuels Biobased chemicals Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Focus areas at PFI

Biorefining and bioenergy

Biocomposites

Fibre and paper

Nanocellulose and carbohydrate polymers Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Focus area Fibre and Paper Selected research topics  Cost- and energy effective production of fibres and fibre based products  Quality improvements of fibre based products  New fibre based products, e.g. construction materials, fibre based packaging solutions  Synergy effects; combined production of fibre/ pulp/paper and bioenergy/biochemicals  Raw material competence: • The right raw material for the right product • The right processing of the chosen raw material • Characterisation Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Focus area Nanocellulose and carbohydrate polymers Selected research topics  NFC Production  Raw materials (e.g. woods, annual plants, marine biomass)  Pre-treatments (e.g. mechanical, chemical, enzymatic)  Fibrillation processes (e.g. homogenization, milling)  Concentration / drying

 Modifications / conversion, e.g.  Hydrophobisation  Binding of specific components

 Applications Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Focus area Biocomposites Selected research topics  New wood fiber/NFC reinforced composite materials with fossil- or biobased matrix materials  Focus of research:  Feeding, mixing, compatibilization  Minimize fibre shortening - Improve water resistance  Development of wood fibre based composite granules for further processing  Characterisation

 Examples of applications:  Building and construction materials  Flexible biocomposites, e.g. for packaging  Biomedical applications, e,g, prosthesis Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Focus area Biorefining and bioenergy Selected research topics  Pretreatment, fractionation and conversion of lignocellulose based materials  New uses of process flows (e.g. side streams, waste materials)  Thermochemical conversion routes; 

Bio-oil production and upgrading – fast pyrolysis



Torrefaction (e.g. torrified pellets)

 Biochemical conversion routes; 

Pretreatments: Organosolv, ionic liquid, strong acid, weak acid, steam explosion, hot water, enzymatic hydrolysis



Fractionations; Lignin and/or hemicellulose separation Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Agenda  The shift green – black – green/blue  About PFI; R&D focus on Biomass Conversion  Actual and concrete issues/activities of the research institute and its innovations and innovative aspects  How you cooperate with business  What are your experience, plans and interests for international cooperation

 Concluding remarks

Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

How you cooperate with business?

PFI works closely together with the customers - and brings in the required expertise and partners -

Value-chain mindset

Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Actual and concrete issues/activities of the research institute and its innovations and innovative aspects:

R&D Example Wood fibre based construction materials  Construction panels  Wood fibre based interior panels  Wood fibre based facade panels

 Wood fibre based insulation  Compressible insulation mats  Blow-in solutions

Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

R&D Example Development of the ATMP process  New mechanical pulping process developed by PFI, Norske Skog and Andritz  Energy consumption in mechanical pulp production can be reduced by 40% - 50%  Implemented at Norske Skog Pisa → Costs savings ~7 mill $/ year  Other mills are currently investigating the possibility for investing in this new technology Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

R&D Examples Nanocellulose and carbohydrate polymers  Reinforcement (e.g. nanocomposites)  Improved paper qualities (e.g. strength, surface)  Viscosifiers and emulsion stabilization (e.g. paint)  Innovative barrier concepts (e.g. packaging)  Carriers of specific components (e.g. antimicrobial)  Membrane and filter applications  Health applications  Oil field applications (e.g. drilling fluids, EOR) Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

R&D Example Biomedical applications based on nanocellulose (NFC)  NFC has many potential biomedical applications, e.g.:  Tissue scaffold  Advanced materials for wound healing  Biosensors  Drug delivery

 Living cells can grow and divide on nanocellulose  Compressible hydrogels produced by crosslinking of NFC and other materials (e.g. marine biopolymers)  pH-responsive NFC hydrogels designed  Selected NFC qualities can function as barriers against bacteria in wounds Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Photo: Gary Chinga Carrasco, PFI

 Results from PFI research has shown e.g.:

R&D Example Forest based fish feed  Norwegian fish breeding industry is expanding rapidly; a four-fold increase is expected by 2050. January 2016: One 5 kilo salmon had the same value as one barrel of oil.  Reliable and sustainable feed supply is a challenge  Addressed in Interreg-project “BioRaff – Mer av Tre” / Nordens Grønne Belte  Project objective: Elucidate use of forest based raw materials in feed protein production  R&D cooperation with Processum (S)  Industry partners are included throughout the course of the project Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

R&D Example Renewable wood-based biofuels for shipping  Need for low-sulphur alternatives to conventional shipping fuels due to new EU regulations in Sulphur Emission Control Areas (SECAs) since Jan 2015 and coming limits in other sea areas from Jan. 2020.  Need for low- sulphur alternatives to conventional bunker oils  Project objective: Develop alternative low-sulphur bio-based transportation fuels based on upgraded fast pyrolysis oils  Project partners, R&D: PFI (project owner/ coordinator), Aston University (UK), NTNU  Industry partners along the whole value chain (forest - fuels – shipping – engine production)  Partly financed by the Research Council of Norway Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

Concluding remarks  Development of innovative biorefinery process and green products are receiving increasing attention in Norway  Forests represent the dominating green biomass resource  PFI is a central R&D stakeholder devoted to conversion of green biomass resources/biorefining in the four focus areas, including:    

Pulping, paper and packaging Biocomposites Nanocellulose and carbohydrate polymers Biorefining and bioenergy production

 Our research is performed in close collaboration with national and international R&D and industry partners Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute

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Papir- og fiberinstituttet AS Paper and Fibre Research Institute