How are periods and groups different from each other?
Write It!
#3
How can you determine if elements have similar chemical properties?
Expl Expl ain the moti on of the parti
Assess It!
Assess It!
#1
#2
Which is not true about all of these elements? A. They are all in the same group B. They all have the same number of valence electrons C. They all have the same number of protons D. They all share similar properties
Assess It!
#3
Which two elements share similar properties? A. B. C. D.
Oxygen and Sulfur Oxygen and Nitrogen Oxygen and Helium Oxygen and Chlorine
Which element has 2 valence electrons and is in period 4? A. B. C. D.
Sodium Carbon Beryllium Calcium
Assess It!
#4
Which element is the most reactive? A. B. C. D.
Silicon Oxygen Lithium Aluminum
Read It!
Read It!
#1
#2
All of the elements in the same period have the same ___________________.
Which number determines how the periodic table is arranged? A. B. C. D.
Atomic number Atomic Mass Number of Neutrons Number of ions
A. B. C. D.
Valence electrons Energy shells or orbitals Atomic mass Atomic number
Read It!
Read It!
#4
#3
All of the elements in the same group have the same ___________________. A. Valence electrons B. Energy shells or orbitals C. Atomic mass D. Atomic number
What are valence electrons? A. B. C. D.
Electrons with a positive charge. The same as the number of protons. Electrons in the outermost energy level. The total number of electrons
Watch It!
#1
The Truly Periodic Table goo.gl/zv7Jyi (URL is case sensitive)
1. Click Play on the video. 2. Answer questions from cards #2-4 on your lab sheet.
Watch It!
#3
Which part of the atom allows one atom to react with another one?
Watch It!
#2
What does the atomic number represent on the periodic table?
Watch It!
#4
What is true about elements that are in the same column (group/family)?
Organize It!
#1
Organize It!
#2
Match the element with the correct characteristics.
Organize It!
#3
Organize It!
#4
Has 2 valence electrons
Carbon
Has 4 valence electrons Has 2 energy levels
Magnesium Has 3 energy levels More reactive than Boron Less reactive than Aluminum Similar properties to Beryllium Similar properties to Tin
Illustrate It!
#1
Use the colored pencils to label the following items on your periodic table
Illustrate It!
#2
1. Color period 3 red 2. Color group 2 blue 3. Color 3 elements yellow that have similar properties 4. Label groups 1-18 5. Label period 1-7 6. Label which relates to the number of valences electrons 7. Label which relates to the number of energy shells or orbitals 8. Draw an arrow showing the most stable and the most reactive groups
Illustrate It! Illustrate It!
#3
1. 2. 3. 4.
Using a real periodic table answer the following questions on your lab sheet
List two elements that have similar properties. List the number of valence electrons for Li and O. How many energy shells does Zn have? Which element is more reactive, Na or As?
#4
Illustrate It! Station Directions Use the colored pencils to label the following items on your periodic table 1. Color period 3 red 2. Color group 2 blue 3. Color 3 elements yellow that have similar properties 4. Label groups 1-18 5. Label period 1-7 6. Label which relates to the number of valences electrons 7. Label which relates to the number of energy shells or orbitals 8. Draw and arrow showing the most stable to the most reactive groups
Research It!
#1
Live Science goo.gl/9kco4V (URL is case sensitive)
1. You are going to be researching different aspects of how the periodic table is arranged.
Research It!
#3
Use the periodic table on the site to answer the following questions.
1. List 3 elements that have similar properties or reactivity. 2. Which element is in group 14 period 3? 3. How many valence electrons does Sodium have?
Research It!
#2
1. 2. 3. 4.
What are the different rows called? What do they tell us? What are the different columns called? What do they tell us?
Explore It!
Explore It!
#1
#2
The periodic table is also organized in a similar fashion.
In front of you are 16 cards. 1. Your goal is to organize them into a 4x4 grid that makes the most logical sense to you. 2. On your lab sheet describe how you organized the columns and rows.
Explore It!
#3
1. 2. 3.
4.
Organize the cards to look like those on the right.
Explore It!
The columns (up and down) on the periodic table are called groups or families and there are 18 of them.
Each group has something in common. They all have similar characteristics. They all have similar reactivity. The group number can help determine the valence electrons (electrons on the outermost shell). Write these on your lab sheet.
#4
The rows (left to right) on the periodic table are called periods and there are 7 of them.
Each period has something in common also. 1. They all have the same number of orbitals or energy shells. Think of orbitals as rings around the atom where electrons live. Period 1 has 1 ring. Period 2 has two ring…and so on. 2. Summarize this on your lab sheet.
Explore It!
#5
Highly reactive
Explore It!
#6
5. 6. 7. 8.
Using a real periodic table answer the following questions on your lab sheet
List two elements that have similar properties. List the number of valence electrons for Li and O. How many energy shells does Zn have? Which element is more reactive, Na or As?
Atoms can be highly reactive or very stable. The periodic table is arranged so that the stable elements are on the far right and the highly reactive elements are on the left. Write this on your lab sheet.
More Stable
Read It!
The Periodic Table The periodic table is organized like a big grid. Each element is placed in a specific location because of its atomic structure. As with any grid, the periodic table has rows (left to right) and columns (up and down). Each row and column has specific characteristics. For example, beryllium (Be) and magnesium (Mg) are found in column two and share certain similarities.
When you look at the periodic table, each row is called a period (Get it? Like PERIODic table.). All of the elements in a period have the same number of atomic orbitals or energy levels. For example, every element in the top row (the first period) has one orbital for its electrons. All of the elements in the second row (the second period) have two orbitals for their electrons. As you move down the table, every row adds an orbital. At this time, there is a maximum of seven electron orbitals. The periodic table also has a special name for its vertical columns. Each column is called a group. The elements in each group have the same number of electrons in the outer orbital. Those outer electrons are also called valence electrons. They are the electrons involved in chemical bonds with other elements. Every element in the first column (group one) has one electron in its outer shell. Every element in the second column (group two) has two electrons in the outer shell. As you keep counting the columns, you'll know how many electrons are in the outer shell. There are exceptions to the order when you look at the transition elements, but you get the general idea. Transition elements add electrons to the second-to-last orbital. For example, nitrogen (N) has the atomic number seven. The atomic number tells you there are seven electrons in a neutral atom of nitrogen. How many electrons are in its outer orbital? Nitrogen is in the fifteenth column, labelled 'Group VA'. The 'V' is the Roman numeral for five and represents the number of valence electrons in the outer orbital. Helium (He) is different from all of the other elements. It is very stable with only two electrons in its outer orbital (valence shell). Even though it only has two, it is still grouped with the noble gases that have eight electrons in their outermost orbitals. The noble gases and helium are all "happy," because their valence shell is full.
