Modification of partial factors for materials Creep and shrinkage strain Reinforcement properties Detailed calculation method for pre-stressing steel relaxation losses Indicative Strength Classes for durability Reinforcement expressions for in-plane stress conditions Soil structure interaction Global second order effects in structures Analysis of flat slabs and shear walls Examples of regions with discontinuity in geometry or action (Detailing rules for particular situations)
Concrete - Introduction •Density assumed to be 25kN/m3 for concrete with normal percentage of reinforcing steel (EN 1991-1-1) •Designs are based on cylinder strength, fck
•Strength classes are defined as Cx/y, where x and y are the 28-day cylinder and cube strength, respectively (for lightweight aggregate, density between 10 to 21 kN/m³ and the strength classes become LCx/y) •Maximum value of characteristic strength • C90/105 for buildings • C70/85 for bridges
fctd = ct fctk,0.05 /c •cc = 1.0 recommended (0.85 used in the UK for flexure and axial loading, but may be taken as 1.0 for all other phenomena, such as
shear) •ct
= 1.0
•cc & ct are coefficients to take account of long term unfavourable effects resulting from the way the load is applied
