Environmental health risk assessment current status, challenges, and future needs

Environmental health risk assessment ‐ current status, challenges, and future needs INSPIRE Conference, Aalborg Tuesday 17th June, 2014 Presented by ...
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Environmental health risk assessment ‐ current status, challenges, and future needs

INSPIRE Conference, Aalborg Tuesday 17th June, 2014 Presented by Dr. Hai-Ying Liu

Hai-Ying Liu, [email protected] Alena Bartonova, [email protected]

Presentation outline  Environmental health risk assessment  What is an environmental health risk assessment?  Types of environmental health risk assessment and

 Environmental health risk assessment toolbox  What is an environmental health risk assessment toolbox?  What data does the environmental health risk assessment toolbox require?  Examples of environmental health risk assessment toolbox

 Challenges and way forward  Challenges  Future direction and data acquisition

 Two EU-founded projects (CITI-SENSE and Citi-Sense-MOB)  Conclusions

Environmental health risk assessment – What is an environmental heath risk assessment?  An environmental health risk assessment is the process of estimating the potential impact of a chemical, physical, microbiological or psychosocial hazard on a specified human population under a specific set of conditions and for a certain time frame (Source: http://www.health.gov.au, 2012).

– Types of environmental health risk assessment  Individual risk assessment  Population risk assessment  Qualitative risk assessment  Quantitative risk assessment

Environmental health risk assessment – Five key steps of environmental health risk assessment (Source: enHEALTH, Environmental health risk assessment: Guidelines for assessing human health risks from environmental hazards)

– It is a multidisciplinary field

Environmental health risk assessment toolbox – Environmental health risk assessment toolbox and the role of such  toolbox?  An environmental health risk assessment toolbox is any guidance,  procedure, or analysis tool that can be used to support the environmental  health risk assessment process, and to assist decision‐makers in making  informed decisions (EU FP6 HENVINET project, Liu et al., 2012).

Environmental health risk assessment toolbox – What data/information does the environmental health risk  assessment toolbox require?  Environmental, exposure/dose, effects and impacts  Data on the nature and extent of contamination  Fate and transport processes  The magnitude and frequency of human exposure  The inherent toxicity of all of the chemicals

 Contextual or background data  Geographic data, such as: administrative areas, topography  Population and demography, such as: population numbers or density, age and  gender, socio‐economic status  Background health status, such as: mortality rates, morbidity

Environmental health risk assessment toolbox – Examples of environmental health risk assessment toolbox  EU FP6 projects: INTARESE, HEIMTSA, ENVIRISK, HENVINET  EU FP7 project: TRANPHORM  To provide toolbox that people can use to assess the environmental and health  risks and consequences of different policies.

(Source: http://www.integrated‐assessment.eu, 2014)

Environmental health risk assessment toolbox

(Source: http://www.integrated‐assessment.eu, 2014)

Challenges and the way forward – Challenges  Current data from E&H monitoring programmes face many challenges  Fragmentation of datasets and sources  Lack of harmonization between datasets at different geographical scales   Issues of data quality and accuracy

 In practice, to access data presents a number of challenges  Obtaining data from other agencies is difficult, and in many cases impossible  Legal and the level of ethical restrictions prevent access to a particular dataset  Difficult to obtain the cooperation of agency hierarchy, who decide whether or  not to participate in data sharing  Data sharing requires compatibility between different computer systems as  well as the availability of information system personnel

Challenges and the way forward  Challenges on data integration  Data integration requires the cooperation of system administrators, directors of  programmes, and services consumers  Data integration is costly and time consuming, and information overload are also barriers  to data integration across multiple organizations  Understand pedigree of the data and their properties

 Technical challenges concerning data analysis  Different data format  Increases in data volume  Increasing need for interdisciplinary use of data  Integration of data among systems to answer questions that address diverse societal  benefits

Challenges and the way forward – Future direction on E&H monitoring  Approaches to integrated monitoring for environmental health risk  assessment (EU FP6 INTARESE project)

(Source: Liu et al., 2012, http://www.ehjournal.net/content/pdf/1476‐069X‐11‐88.pdf)

Challenges and the way forward –

Future direction on integration  of environmental health data  from existing programmes:



Step 0: define the goal of data  integration. 



Step 1: make the integrated plan. 



Step 2: collect individual data. 



Step 3: analyse the individual data. 



Step 4: integrate the data and  analyse the integrated data. 



Step 5: report results. 



Step 6: recommend new actions. 

Challenges and the way forward – Future data acquisition   Citizen science and citizens’ observatories in E&H fields (EU FP7 CITI‐SENESE and  Citi‐Sense‐MOB projects, Bartonova et al., 2012‐2016, Castell et al., 2013‐2015)  Change citizens’ role from passive information receiver to active participant  Two‐way communication model  Location information

 Innovative low‐cost sensors and Information and ICT enable citizens to participate in  the environmental monitoring  Increase data coverage  Time resolution  Spatial resolution

Challenges and the way forward Higher

Ambient air  monitoring  network and  compliance p

€€€

Supplement  Air Monitoring  Network 

Relative Cost

Relative Required Data Quality

What data quality do we need?

Community  based monitoring  and Screeningg Education and  Qualitative  monitoring €

Lower

Relative Deployment Density (Source: Snyder et al. Env. Sci. Tech. 2013)

Two EU‐funded projects CITI‐SENSE (EU FP7) and Citi‐Sense‐MOB (EU EMMIA/DG Enterprise) Vision Important problems:

Opportunities and challenges:

Quality of life in cities (indoor and outdoor) Health effects from traffic pollution

Small, low‐cost sensors Information and Communication Technology

Decreasing air pollution  Increasing quality of life

Participatory Urbanism Citizens’ participation and empowerment

Few air quality monitoring stations No real‐time data where people are Absence of personalized data

Increased spatial coverage Complementary air quality data Near real‐time personalized data

(Source: Nuria Castell, [email protected])

How are we going to do it? Sensor platform NOx, CO, O3,  PM, RH, T

Public & Private Sectors

Data Services Processing raw data, fusion, modelling

User services

GNSS Cloud services Data storage

COT Data providers

Citizens Special Interest  Groups

AQ Models

VGI

Citizen Participation Participatory Governance through Social Media

Traffic situation (Source: Nuria Castell, [email protected])

GEOSS compatibility – Making data we collect in CITI‐SENSE and Citi‐Sense‐MOB  GEOSS compatible  Collaboration with other FP7 funded citizens’ observatories  related projects

   

Data access Data sharing Data registration Share experiences, competencies

Conclusions  Technical challenges to connect disparate data sources  Content challenges, e.g., provide enough information to serve  given purpose  Users communities will have different needs and  requirements (e.g., public x authorities x research)   Benchmarks and examples help to define the solutions

Thank you for your attention! – Find us on  CITI‐SENSE Project web portal: www.citi‐sense.eu  Citi‐Sense‐MOB web portal: www.citi‐sense‐mob.eu  Citizens’ observatories central web protal: www.co.citi‐sense.eu  Facebook: www.facebook.com/int.cit.obs  LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/groups/Citizens‐observatories‐5164755  Twitter: twitter.com/Citizensobs