| July / 2015
The magazine for success with wind
eno 114 in practice: tests, implementations, results On its way to type certification, the newly developed eno 114 is currently undergoing all necessary tests. Fully planned and completed projects show first results in terms of wind turbine performance in the wind farm network. / from page 5
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The magazine for success with wind
Content
Editorial
05 Projects
Efficient wind farm layouts in practice: strengths of the eno 114 in Wansleben and Altentreptow wind farms
Dear Readers, When you see a wind turbine in action – perhaps while travelling through the countryside – it usually does its work reliably, generally quietly, and with an elegant effortlessness. Even if some don’t like the way it looks, others take delight in a great piece of engineering art. In terms of design, a wind turbine follows the principle – much used in more modern architecture – of »form follows function«. This is due to its complex inner workings: aerodynamics, mechanics and electronics need to be combined into a harmonious whole, and meet a large number of verifiable requirements.
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Financing + Shareholdings Project financing as a niche supplier
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Construction + Technology eno 114 - measuring, testing and validating in all areas
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eno international Construction work begins on Mohon wind farm in Brittany; Sweden - land of eno 100
10 eno mix eno gains new purchasing manager; Young engineer at eno energy wins logistics prize
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eno news mix More space for production and storage Minister-President visits eno’s exhibition stand at Hanover
Whether such a machine will work can be predicted to a relatively large extent in theory. However – as always in life – only practice will tell whether its performance meets expectations, or even exceeds them. The all-new eno 114, developed by eno energy, is now in this phase following its market launch in 2014. Accordingly, one article in this issue takes a look at the testing and verification procedures required for type certification, while a second piece presents two specific projects in which the wind turbine will need to prove its capabilities. Suffice to say here that all the signs are positive! As always, we also bring you the latest news from the company in Germany, and from our overseas markets where the eno group is active. The team at eno energy hopes that you, our customers and partners, will enjoy reading our magazine. Andreas Jessel Head of Marketing + Communication
IMPRINT Author eno energy GmbH | Am Strande 2 e | 18055 Rostock | Germany | phone: +49 (0)381 . 20 37 92-0 | fax: +49 (0)381 . 20 37 92-101 |
[email protected] | www.eno-energy.com | Editing Andreas Jessel | Authors [ AJE ] Andreas Jessel . [ FRI ] Frank Riemer . [ SWI ] Simon Wittkopf . Daniel Sieben | Layout WERK3.de | Printing OPTIMAL : MEDIA | Paper Satimat Green 60 % Recycling, 40 % FS C | Copyright All contributions published in eno magazine (copy, photos, graphics, tables, logos) are protected by copyright. Reprinting, inclusion in databases, use in online services or Internet pages and reproduction are only permitted with the prior written permission by eno energy Gmbh. | Despite careful inspection of the publication by the editorial team, eno can accept no liability for its accuracy. | Published sporadically | Photos eno energy . Sebastian Krauleidis . Forschungsgemeinschaft für Logistik e. V. . fotolia.com/Rico K.
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Financing + Shareholdings / Projects
Guest article
Project financing as a niche supplier From microfinancing to ENO 114 how ProCredit Bank achieved recognition in financing renewable energy projects
Daniel Sieben (40) has been a corporate account officer at ProCredit Bank since 2013, and has headed the project financing department since the beginning of this year. Headquartered in Frankfurt am Main, ProCredit Bank Deutschland is the youngest member of ProCredit Bank group, having receiving its banking licence at the end of 2011. For over 15 years, the ProCredit banks have been serving as local banks for small and medium-sized enterprises in many emerging markets in Southeast Europe and Latin America. In Germany, ProCredit Bank is focused on financing SMEs. Key priorities include companies with connections to Southeast and Eastern Europe as well as project financing in the field of renewable energies. In addition, the bank offers account management and foreign payment transaction services. Private customers benefit from traditional savings opportunities. The bank is held by Frankfurt-based ProCredit Holding AG & Co. KGaA. The holding is a Public Private Partnership with a significant participation of KfW, IFC (World Bank Group), the Frankfurt-based consulting firm IPC, the employeeowned company IPC Invest and the Dutch DOEN Foundation.
www.procreditbank.de
In recent years, the international ProCredit Bank group has undergone a transformation from micro to SME financiers. Their financing places emphasis on ecological aspects in addition to social criteria. This includes granting green credit lines, including financing for renewable energy p rojects, thereby contributing to climate protection. P roCredit banks gathered their first e xperience with this in the PV and hydropower sectors in Southeast Europe. In Germany, where ProCredit Bank have been doing business since the beginning of 2013, they found an established wind energy market with medium-sized project developers and a larger number of banks. Apart from the acceptance and market integration of wind energy, the increasing willingness of banks to provide financing has resulted in the erosion of proven financing standards, such as making do without reserve accounts, or debt service coverage ratios of just over one. In this competitive environment, ProCredit Bank specialised in financing smaller wind farms with one or two turbines – as is currently the case with eno energy’s ‘eno 114’ projects. The bank operates nationwide and is characterised by tightly knit in-house teams, the objective consideration of individual cases and actively maintained customer relations.
Outlook: As an international banking group, ProCredit generally accompanies renewable energy projects abroad, autonomously in Southeast Europe, and as a junior partner in selected European markets with stable conditions such as Scandinavia, France and the UK. In Germany, ProCredit considers the wind energy sector a relatively constant onshore expansion path, which was implemented in the new EEG law as a flexible cap of 2.5 GW p.a. With the upcoming tenders, the conditions are likely to change to the detriment of smaller and independent developers. With their small wind farms, however, they belong to the bank’s target group, so we have mixed expectations regarding this development. Price and margin pressure on turbine manufacturers and project developers will increase with the added challenges of tenders. Against this backdrop, the formation of buffers through reserves, own wind farms, targeted internatio nalisation of the project business and synergistic effects between production and project design will become increasingly important for future business success. [Daniel Sieben]
The magazine for success with wind
Efficient wind farm layouts in practice: strengths of the eno 114 in Wansleben and Altentreptow wind farms
Wind farm Altentreptow: efficiency in wind farms through shorter distances to existing wind turbines
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lthough the theoretical potential area for generating wind energy in Germany is huge – the German Federal Environment Agency calculated a potential area of 13.8 % of the country’s surface – in practice the designation of new »suitable wind areas« will reach its limits in the medium term. Uneconomical locations where wind speeds are too slow, increasing acceptance problems, politically motivated introduction of greater distance regulations, concerns about nature conservation and the impact on the landscape, radar interference and many other factors limit further expansion in Germany, which is in any case a densely populated country. On top of this comes the new German Renewable Energy Sources Act (EEG) with a net new capacity cap of 2,500 MW per year. Redevelopment of existing sites will therefore become increasingly impor-
tant. Repowering has grown expo nentially in recent years. Wind farm expansion and densification is another area with potential, and one which places high demands on technology given the particularly virulent turbulence problems that occur here. When developing its 3.5 MW platform, eno energy thought well ahead and specifically designed turbines for the future requirements of efficient operation in the difficult environment of a wind farm group. Using the specific example of a wind farm nearing completion and one before construction starts, eno shows how the efficient wind farm layout principle that it describes as up.site actually works. Altentreptow is a small town in the north-east of the Mecklenburg Lake District, with a population of around 6,000. In the south-western corner of
the wind suitability area adjacent to the town, Wind MV GmbH & Co. KG has operated a German-manufactured wind turbine with a capacity of 2.05 MW since 2004. By expanding the wind suitability area southward, after a planning period of – believe it or not – 10 years, in 2014 the client was able to add a further three wind turbines of the contemporary 3 MW class with 114 m rotors, in a north-south orientation. Meanwhile, far from sitting idly by, other project developers and local operators have expanded rapidly in recent years. Thus a total of 35 existing or planned wind turbines were considered in the required stability analysis for the three new wind turbines, which was carried out by F2E. The distances between the three planned new turbines and the existing turbines are in the secondary wind direction in some cases less than 3 D and in the primary wind direction in some cases less than 3.5 D. The northernmost turbine has the smallest distance of approx. 250 m (2.2 D) in the secondary wind direction from the existing turbines. These substandard distance values made the operator stop and think. Particularly in the case of the northernmost turbine, although it would have been possible to use another turbine produced by the same manufacturer that was chosen in 2004, with a 114 m rotor, because of the small distances this would have resulted in massive
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a follow-up project with the 3.5 MW eno 126 is in the offing. It would appear that a long-lasting customer relationship is forming. The Wansleben am See wind farm currently comprises ten wind turbines by different manufacturers. By July of this year, it will be expanded with four eno 114 turbines, delivering a total rated output of 14 MW.
eno 114 in operation
s ectoral shutdowns in the order of a double-digit percentage. Running through the scenario using a competitor’s turbine produced similarly bad results. During the 2014 Hanover Fair, the operator discovered the advantages of the eno 114 at eno energy GmbH’s exhibition stand. He subsequently came to see the 114 prototype at Brusow in Mecklenburg. As a former farmer, he was especially impressed by the four-point bearing, hydraulic gearbox suspension and robust engineering promising sufficient dimensioning reserves. But the decisive advantage of using the eno turbine in the Altentreptow project comes from its specially developed rotor blade. Thanks to its blade geometry, which is primarily designed for quiet running, it takes slightly less energy out of the airflow. But this has a big impact on wake turbulence, which is signifi cantly reduced, allowing a more compact wind farm density at all locations.
A configuration of three eno 114 at 127.5 m hub height means that it is now possible for the northernmost turbine to operate with almost no sector management – i.e. shutting down and reducing the turbine output if the wind blows from particular directions or sectors. Losses are in the region of a very low 2 %. This combination of maximum energy yield with minimal shutdowns finally persuaded the customer to change his existing permit to eno turbines and also to enter into a contractual commitment with the Rostock manufacturer. Thanks to eno energy’s short delivery times, the customer does not suffer any economic disadvantage despite changing the permit. On the contrary, since together with the certainty of having the best turbine for the location, fast delivery by the Rostock manufacturer avoids the imminent degression. As soon as the first joint project between the client Wind MV and eno has successfully gone into operation,
This wind farm expansion, in the district of Mansfeld-Südharz near Halle, was initially planned with other turbine types, but this entailed turbulence problems in conjunction with the existing turbines. The solution was to change the plan, and use eno 114 with 127.5-metre steel towers. This meant, in fact, that the turbines were more densely arranged, because of the larger rotor blades. However, the turbulence-resistant design of the support structure and drive train components, along with special rotor blade aerodynamics, result in a reduction in turbulence induced by the wind farm. Consequently, the four eno 114 get along very well with each other and in the wind farm group, and shutdowns are minimised. Monthly peak availability levels of around 99.5 % and a yield of approx. 75,000 kWh are now achieved in the Wansleben wind farm expansion area with the eno 114 turbines, with an average wind speed of 6.8 m/s at 127.5 m hub height. Both projects highlight the capabilities of the newly developed wind turbine, which is the only one in its output segment classified for wind class IEC IIs, an advanced turbulence classification which permits a more compact wind farm layout. [ FRI/AJE ]
The magazine for success with wind
eno 114 measuring, testing and validating in all areas
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fter around three years in evelopment, a prototype d eno 114 was constructed at the beginning of 2014, followed by another in 2015. The design and dimensioning of the wind turbines meet the current standards of IEC 61400 and DIBt 2012. To receive type certification, as is usual for any new type of turbine, it is necessary to conduct extensive and cost-intensive measurement series and tests. The task is to verify and validate the complex machine design of the newly developed eno 114. This provides an opportunity for engineers to improve and optimise the turbine, and also to produce the documentation that is required for approval, financing and insurance purposes.
Voltage drop caused by grid fault
Numerous tests have been underway since mid-2014 at the prototype site near Rostock. To measure the power curve, noise and loads, a dedicated separate measurement mast with an overall height of 92 m was erected at the site. It measures meteorological
Reliably riding through the grid fault that lasted for over 4 seconds
nvironmental parameters such as wind e speed, wind direction, temperature, air pressure and precipitation to obtain reliable data for the analysis and evalu ation. Measurements, which are conducted internally at first, show that both the power curve and noise confirm and beat expectations. Thanks to the optimal aeroacoustic rotor blade design, the noise level is below the predicted 105 dB(A). »In the partial load range, the power curve is actually higher than calculated,« says Stefan Bockholt, technical director at eno energy systems GmbH and head of research and development. »At the moment, we’re still fine-tuning the windadaptive controller so that we can get optimal output values in all environmental conditions. Then we just need some wind to complete the measurements for certification. We are anticipating valid results in the third quarter.«
Measurement mast at the prototype site Brusow
The technical director’s statements are confirmed by Deutsche WindGuard, an accredited consulting firm for the wind industry. By tuning the control strategy as described, they say it is likely that the theoretical power curve will be
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exceeded again in respect of the calculated annual energy yield. Thus the experts are predicting that the eno 114 will achieve higher overall output in practice than expected in theory. In parallel to the output and noise measurements, fatigue and extreme loads actually occurring on the 114 prototype will be measured over a period of one year. For example, strain gauges have been fitted to the tower base and tower head to assess the bending moments that arise as a result of tower vibrations caused by rotor motion. Additional strain gauges, acceleration sensors and temperature sensors are fitted to the drive train, hub and rotor blades. Along with the design examination, rotor blade testing and evaluation of manufacturing processes, this load measurement is a necessary part of the IEC type certification, which should be issued in early 2016.
3.5 MW
In addition to the load tests, on one of the prototypes the electrical properties and fault ride through were measured according to the specifications of national and international grid codes. After a preparatory phase lasting nearly a year, these »container tests« began in January this year. These tests are among the most complex field tests for wind turbine manufacturers. For the tests, several hundred voltage dips are generated on the turbine’s grid connection. The turbine has to operate through these periods without disconnecting from the grid. This requires the turbine to demonstrate its full capabilities, so that it can support the grid as a distri buted generator in critical conditions. As well as riding through a voltage drop during a grid fault, the power quality and grid frequency control were tested. For example, this involves reducing output if the grid frequency increases, and the ability to provide reactive power in the event of overvoltage or undervoltage. »The eno 114 proved to be highly stable and compliant with standards in all operating modes,« reports project manager Jan Tetzlaff. »Its generous reactive power reserves and robust technology are striking. All in all, by the end of the measurement trials, we got through well over 500 grid faults unscathed.« As well as meeting national grid connection regulations, eno energy tested the turbine’s required electrical properties for other European grids such as Scandinavia, France and the UK. Particularly in the UK and Ireland, as compared to Germany, in some cases completely different electrical behaviour is required of the converters. Thus instead of reactive power, the active current is prioritised during a grid fault. So that this difference could be repro duced in the electrical system, the measurement trials were extended by nearly five weeks.
Presentation of components certificate for the eno-blade EN 56, Markus Selinka, Christoph Brokopf and Axel Dombrowski (all DNV GL) with Stefan Bockholt
After successfully completing the electrical property tests, the next job is to validate the turbine simulation model that replicates the fault ride through. To do this, the field measurements are compared with the simulation results. After checking all measurement results, an accredited certification body can issue the unit certificate (EZE certificate) that is important for the German market. This is expected at the end of 2015. The validation measurements are also accompanied by measurement trials as part of a research project that eno is involved in. For example, two LIDAR devices installed on the nacelle roof carry out laser-optical measurements of the wind field in front of and behind the rotor. These and other associated measurements should provide informa tion about the wake flow characteristics under various turbine operating conditions. The goal is to gain insights for future turbine designs and operating modes. Conducting these tests and measurements is an essential aspect of development activities on the eno 114 platform. They serve to verify the design and derive further optimisation potential for future generations of turbines. Some of the findings obtained to date will be incorporated into the development of the sister turbine eno 126. A prototype eno 126 is scheduled for construction at the turn of the year. [ SWI ]
The magazine for success with wind
Construction work begins on Mohon wind farm in Brittany On 27 May 2015, community representatives, twenty landowners and the organisers from French eno subsidiary eef and general planner H2ion attended a construction meeting at the village of Mohon in the département of Morbihan, France. The resolutions passed at the meeting signalled the beginning of the project and a strong local partnership involving many regional businesses. Following extensive preliminary work by eef project manager Jonathan Martin, with the support of the project management team in Rostock, the first
construction work for the wind farm began in mid-June near the Breton village, with its population of 900. Ten wind turbines with a total of 20 MW are being constructed at a hub height of 105 metres. To cope with the demands of new wind farm projects and those currently in planning, in March the team in Paris welcomed a new addition, project manager Anaïs Marcault. Meanwhile sales activities are underway to prepare the French market for the launch of eno
technology. French project developers are increasingly taking notice of systems technology from eno energy – a new but innovative premium manufacturer. In addition to the 2.2 MW platform, there is also growing demand in tender offers for the 3.5 MW platform owing to its good energy yield performance. eno energy and eef Sas will jointly present their products and services for France at EWEA – one of the largest international wind trade fairs – in Paris from 17-20 November 2015. [ AJE ]
Sweden - land of eno 100 The middle of the five eno turbines seems made for Sweden: after accelerated negotiations with some complex operating companies, seven new eno 100 will join the existing turbines of this type in south Sweden by the end of 2015. They include four turbines designed especially for weak-wind locations, with a hub height of 99 m, in the Sunhultsbrunn wind farm that was completed in June this year. Following that, a single turbine will be constructed near H almstad. Contracts were signed in April for two more eno 100 in Blombacka, which will be installed in the autumn of 2015. The combination of compact size, robust engineering and increased yield – resulting from an 18 percent bigger swept area compared to the basic turbine eno 92 – is ideal for many sites in Sweden. To achieve the goal of continuing to increase market share in sales beyond the target of around 2 % by the end of
2015, Martin Hesselmark has been signed up as Sales Manager. Previously he had a key involvement in contractual assurances for all Kenersys turbines erected in Sweden. Other news in the Swedish team concerns a change at management level. Ralf Hoch, formerly Country Manager Sweden, has succeeded Gert-Olof Holst as manager of the Swedish eno subsidiary in June 2015. The new CEO is set to implement the wider strategy of offering Swedish projects to international investors, as well as serving smaller individual investors as at present. According to industry association reports, Sweden installed more than one gigawatt of new wind turbines for the first time in 2014. Furthermore, the government is planning an adjustment to the green power trading system. A positive outlook for eno Sweden AB – and even more eno 100s in the land of lakes and moose. [ AJE ]
Construction of an eno 100 in Sweden
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eno mix
More space for production and storage
Open Day on 25/04/2015
roduction periods. In p addition, the continuous expansion of eno’s own production depth means that more space is needed.
Production site in Rostock-Hinrichsdorf after expansion
The new production hall for eno energy systems GmbH finally went into operation in March. An extra 1,000+ m² are now available for assembling the 3.5-megawatt eno 114 and its counterpart for inland sites, the 3.5-megawatt eno 126. There is also another new hall with the same floor plan for storing large components. Total capacity now extends
over an area of more than 3,000 square metres. The official opening of the extended production facilities was marked by an open day on 25 April 2015, which attracted overwhelming interest with around 250 visitors. This was preceded by a construction period of around 18 months, with investment of more than EUR 5 million.
In total, up to 50 turbines can now be manufactured in each production hall per year, under normal operating conditions. Although eno is currently some way short of this output level, the separa tion of production lines for the 2 MW platform and the 3 MW platform is already helping to make workflows more efficient and prevent cramped conditions during peak
»We took the opportunity, with assistance from the state of MecklenburgWestern Pomerania, to invest in p roduction facilities with a view to long-term profitability, thereby helping to achieve our goal of maintaining and building on our current market position as a small but high-quality premium manufacturer,« says Technical Director Stefan Bockholt. [ AJE ]
eno gains new purchasing manager
Gregor Eul
Gregor Eul has headed the purchasing team at eno energy systems since April 2015.
An experienced buyer in the wind sector, he has worked in the industry since 2006 and recently held management positions with two big-name competitors. From 2006 he helped expand procurement at REpower Systems AG, and was head of the »Steel« material group until 2009. From 2011 to 2015 he worked for Nordex SE as head of
lobal Category ManageG ment Steel and was involved in developing various overseas markets, including South Africa. At the Rostock Hinrichsdorf production site, the management science graduate and native Rhinelander will take over a team of four employees. He is looking
forward to his new role: »I’m excited to move away from big corporate structures and corporate politics in my job and get back to the basics. I hope to see eno through continued growth, including the international business, and make a positive difference.« [ AJE ]
The magazine for success with wind
Wind power
Minister-President visits eno’s exhibition stand at Hanover
state’s strategy of retaining and expanding wind energy as a vital contributor to the state’s economy, and also the financial participation of citizens and municipalities when new wind turbines are built, via a statu tory participation obligation. In the television report which was broadcast in NDR’s »Nordmagazin« programme, Karsten Porm expressed understanding for local resistance to the accelerated expansion of wind energy in some localities, and called for greater public participation and better balancing of interests.
Minister-President Sellering talking to Managing Director Karsten Porm
As in previous years, eno energy was present at the Hanover Fair in 2015. Follow ing energy minister Christian Pegel’s tour of last year’s show, this year the MinisterPresident of MecklenburgWestern Pomerania himself, Erwin Sellering, came to Hanover to visit the exhibition
stands of selected businesses from Germany’s northeastern state. The Schwerin State Chancellery chose eno energy as a represen tative of the wind industry. Minister-President Sellering heard from eno CEO Karsten Porm about the current
Young engineer at eno energy wins logistics prize Simon Wittkopf has won this year’s logistics p rize from the metropolitan region of Hamburg for outstanding scientific achievements at universities and universities of applied sciences. The young engineer, who joined eno energy as a
student trainee in early 2013, received first prize for his master’s thesis on »systematisation of a method for introducing condition monitoring as part of knowledge-based maintenance«. The award was presented on 26 February 2015 at the 24th Hamburg Logistics Colloquium, initiated by the
s ituation for the Rostock wind turbine manufacturer. With a TV crew accompanying the Minister-President’s tour of the fair, Philip Schroeder, editor at north-German broadcaster NDR, asked the company’s director for a statement about public acceptance. The background here is the
Corresponding to the eno 114’s positioning as a turbulence-resistant strongwind turbine, ideal for difficult flow conditions in a wind farm group, eno’s well attended exhibition stand in hall 27 was themed around »Maximum Space Efficiency – Minimum Shutdowns«. [ AJE ]
logistics research association Forschungsgemeinschaft für Logistik e.V. together with Hamburg University of Technology (TUHH).
master’s thesis. He now works as a sales engineer at the interface between technical development and the wind turbine sales division. »Assisting and optimising the transfer between two very different departments was a challenge that appealed to me. And eno gives me the opportunity to work very independently,« says the 29-year-old graduate engineer. [ AJE ]
Simon Wittkopf chose to continue working at eno energy after completing his
Simon Wittkopf (second from bottom left)
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Meet us at: Rostock Wind | 7. August 2015
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