Energy Storage at Substations ― Virtual Battery Application for Load Frequency Control ―

Eri Isono November 19 th 2014 © 2014 Toshiba Corporation

Disclosure: Any unauthorized use of these Materials is prohibited

Table of contents • Introduction to Yokohama Smart City Project • Battery SCADA demonstration – – – –

Background and challenges Application Participants and schedule System overview

• Three considerations for battery application to LFC – Control value allocation – Inherent loss supplement – Rating update

• Conclusion

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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Table of contents • Introduction to Yokohama Smart City Project • Battery SCADA demonstration – – – –

Background and challenges Application Participants and schedule System overview

• Three considerations for battery application to LFC – Control value allocation – Inherent loss supplement – Rating update

• Conclusion

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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Introduction to Yokohama Smart City Project • YSCP – – – –

Japanese government funded smart grid demonstration 6 demonstrations and research undertaken by 32 partners Duration: 5 years (2010/4 to 2015/3) Budget: 850million US dollar

• 6 Demonstrations – – – – – –

Home EMS Battery SCADA Building EMS Factory EMS Community EMS CEMS Electric Vehicle EV Battery aggregation

HEMS FEMS

BEMS © 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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Battery SCADA demonstration • Background – Storage batteries has become realistic option to counter against power quality disturbances, and lack of LFC reserve

• Challenges – Requires quantity – Unrealistic to control each storages • Differences among the types, rating, output of batteries,..

• Propose “Battery SCADA” system to control numerous and various storages as one “Virtual Battery” for grid Stationary Battery operation Virtual Battery

Battery SCADA

Grid EMS

Customer side Battery © 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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Applications of Battery SCADA • Load Frequency Control – New power plant for frequency control – Increase frequency control reserve – Easier controllability of numerous storage batteries

• Peak Shifting – Grid expansion deferral – Incentive from participation to electricity market

• Spinning Reserve – Provide spinning reserve capacity – UPS for critical applications Utility benefit Customer benefit © 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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Participants and schedule Sponsor: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (JAPAN) 7 Participants: Utility

Tokyo Electric Power Company Kansai Electric Power Company

System Integrator, Demonstration managing

Toshiba

Stationary Battery Manufacturer

Toshiba, Hitachi, Meidensha & NEC

Customer’s side battery Manufacturer

Sharp, Sony Energy Devices

Other

Mitsubishi Heavy Industry

Project Schedule System development Demonstration

2010

2011 Development

2012

2013

2014

2015

Installation

Demonstration © 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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Demonstration site photo • Commissioned in October 2012 Battery SCADA Demonstration Center

Hitachi Stationary Battery 300kW-101kWh

Meiden/NEC Stationary Battery 250kW-250kWh

Toshiba Stationary Battery 300kW-100kWh © 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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Demonstration system overview Upper EMS simulator

Battery SCADA

Low latency line, Protocol：IEEE1815 DNP3 （Distributed Network Protocol ）

Toshiba BESS 300kW/100kWh

6.6kV

Hitachi BESS 100kW/100kWh 250kW/51kWh

6.6kV

Customer BESS simulator

Toshiba Data aggregator

Meidensha/NEC BESS 250kW/250kWh

6.6kV

Sharp Customer BESS 22kW/45kWh 100V

TEPCO distribution grid

Hitachi Data aggregator

Internet Protocol: HTTP Sony Sony EDED Sony ED Customer BESS Customer BESS Customer BESS 3.5kVA/8.4kWh 3.5kVA/8.4kWh 3.5kVA/8.4kWh 100V

100V 100V

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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Table of contents • Introduction to Yokohama Smart City Project • Battery SCADA demonstration – – – –

Background and challenges Application Participants and schedule System overview

• Three requirements for battery application to LFC – Control value allocation – Inherent loss supplement – Rating update

• Conclusion

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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Requirements for battery aggregation system • Three recommendations of applying storage batteries to LFC – Control value allocation – Inherent loss supplement – Rating update

• Demonstration condition Toshiba BESS 300kW/100kWh

Two control signals used - TEPCO LFC hydro - PJM LFC signal

Hitachi BESS 300kW/101kWh Grid EMS Simulator

Battery SCADA

Meiden/NEC BESS 250kW/250kWh

6.6kV power line © 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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1. Control value allocation • Maximize charge/discharge ability – Maintain SOC in same range

250 Output [kW]

100

Stationary Battery 01

150

SOC [%] 80

50

• Measurements

-50

60 11:50

12:10

250 Output [kW]

150

150

50

50 -50

-50

11:50

12:10

12:30

12:50

Time VB Control Value

40

01 Output

01 SOC

0

100 SOC [%] 80

Stationary Battery 02

60 11:50

12:10

12:30

12:50

13:10

40

13:10

-150 -250

13:10

20

01 Control Value

-250

Virtual Battery

12:50

Time

-150

250 Output [kW]

12:30

VB output

-150

Time

-250

02 Control Value

20 02 Output

02 SOC

250 Output [kW]

100 SOC [%] 80

Stationary Battery 03

150 50 -50 -150 -250

0

60 11:50

12:10

12:30

12:50

13:10

40

Time

20

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation 03 Control Value

03 Output

12

03 SOC

0

2. Inherent loss supplement • LFC operation will eventually lead battery SOC to zero • An algorithm to charge and maintain SOC required • Measurements

100 SOC transition [%]

Supplement charging (red) and SOC transition (blue) 2013/10/24 ~ 2013/10/25

50

200

150 100

50 0 2013/10/24 12:30:00 -50

0 2013/10/24 22:30:00

2013/10/25 08:30:00

Supplement -50 charging [kW] -100

-150

© 2014 Toshiba Corporation

-100

-200

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3. Rating update • Interface for Plug & Play functionality and reacquisition of information necessary Initial data acquisition to acquire basic information of the connected battery Battery SCADA

Battery

Functionality to reacquire same information as initial data acquisition Battery SCADA

Battery

【Send Data item】 【Send Data item】 ID number Rated chargeable power Rated dischargeable power Short time chargeable power Short time dischargeable power Chargeable capacity Dischargeable capacity Control frequency Charge and discharge efficiency

【Periodic information transfer (1 second)】 【Notification of information update】

Set information update flag

【Request to obtain Data item】

【Resend Data item】 © 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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Conclusion • 2 years successful demonstration • LFC operation strategies successful • Requirements of battery aggregating system recognized – Control value allocation – Inherent loss supplement – Rating update

• Demonstration project will provide basis for future storage deployments with dedicated purposes © 2014 Toshiba Corporation

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