ENERGY MANAGEMENT OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE MANUAL
Swansea University Estates Services Singleton Park Swansea SA2 8PP
Tel 01792 295819 Fax 01792 295820
Swansea University Estates Services
Energy Management Operational Procedural Manual April 2008 rev 1
Contents 1. Energy Management Programme .................................................................... 3 2. Responsibilities.................................................................................................... 3 3. Comfortable Working Conditions...................................................................... 3 4. Raising Awareness ............................................................................................. 3 5. Reduction of Water Consumption..................................................................... 4 6. Monitoring............................................................................................................. 4 7. Purchasing of Equipment................................................................................... 4 Appendix A – Normal Heating Hours....................................................................... 5 Appendix B - Thermal Comfort Conditions ............................................................. 7 Appendix C - Air Conditioning ................................................................................... 9 Appendix D - Good Housekeeping Practice ......................................................... 10 Appendix E - Electric Fires ...................................................................................... 11
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Swansea University Estates Services
1.
Energy Management Operational Procedural Manual April 2008 rev 1
Energy Management Programme
Swansea University’s Energy Management Policy declares a commitment to an Energy Management Plan. The plan acts on goals set in the policy, linking strategic goals with the University’s objectives. The plan will identify training in energy management, marketing energy awareness and motivating staff and students to manage energy use. 2.
Responsibilities
Estates Services: are responsible for the provision of Energy and Water Management systems and processes on behalf of the University Energy and Environmental Officer: is responsible for monitoring energy and water consumption, providing monthly and annual reports, and advising on energy and water reduction methods. The Energy and Environmental Officer is also responsible for providing advice and assistance to all University users on Energy and Environmental issues, and for ensuring allocated revenue budgets are effectively managed. The Energy and Environmental Officer reports to the Deputy Director of Estates [Facilities]. The Energy & Environmental Officer is responsible for preparing the Energy Management Plan, an annual programme of work. The programme of work will be costed and indicate milestones together with details of the designated staff member. Heads of School/Departments: will work with the Energy & Environmental Officer to set and monitor targets for energy consumption reduction for their areas of influence.
3. Comfortable Working Conditions The University will endeavour to maintain a comfort level temperature above 18ºC throughout all buildings, except residential accommodation, during normal heating st st season. Normal heating season will be from 1 October to 1 May. Normal heating hours for each building is identified in Appendix A. The residential areas will be maintained above 20ºC. A number of measures can be carried out on buildings to improve the thermal comfort levels (see Appendix B) for the occupants, during operating hours. Such measures include: • • • • • •
Sealing gaps to prevent draughts around windows etc. Ensuring windows can be opened to provide fresh air during summer months. Fitting secondary-glazing solar window film to reduce solar heating and reduce heating losses. Comfort cooling will not be provided by air-conditioning systems, chilling will be provided to equipment only, where the requirement is proven (see Appendix C). Normal heating hours for academic and related areas will be 8.00am to 6.00pm Monday to Friday. Personal Electrical heaters are strictly controlled by Estates on University property (see Appendix E).
Staff and students are encouraged to report any areas where heating is insufficient to the Estates Helpline on Ext 5240.
4. Raising Awareness The aim is to encourage staff and students to implement energy efficiency measures in their homes and workplaces, and to change their behaviour by reducing unnecessary energy consumption (see Appendix D). Created on 4/15/2008 4:23:00 PM -3-
Swansea University Estates Services
• •
Energy Management Operational Procedural Manual April 2008 rev 1
Adopt energy conscious behaviour ( switch off unused appliances and lights, close windows and doors, etc ). Where available, only appliances with energy saving settings are to be purchased, and ensure this is the default setting. Other appliances should be fitted with appropriate time switches to ensure thay are sitched off when not in use.
Staff and students are encouraged to report leaking taps and incidents of wastage like sinks being used to continuously rinse apparatus with a constant running tap. Reports can be telephoned to the Estates HelpLine on Ext 5240.
5. Reduction of Water Consumption Water to waste will not be allowed for new equipment to provide cooling or vacuum. Existing installations will be phased out at the earliest opportunity.
6. Monitoring Metering of supplies to all buildings allows the targeting of areas where action is needed. Meters will be connected to a central monitoring system, allowing automatic consumption profiling and instantaneous reading. Software will be used to compare and validate bills with meter readings. New electrical supplies of 60A or more will be metered and connected to the central monitoring system via the Building Energy Management System (BEMS). CIBSE guidance TM39:2006 will be utilised to develop a metering strategy for all projects.
7. Purchasing of Equipment The Director of Estates will be consulted on the planned purchase of all high consumption equipment or systems. The following applies to additional equipment, not like for like replacements. Any single item, or group of equipment when purchased together, that is capable of consuming over 5kWh of gas and/or electricity, or 5 litres of water an hour, or a cooling capacity of 2.5kW will be considered to be high consumption. Where possible all equipment being purchased will achieve the best energy rating available. Large increases in the utility consumption may not be possible without major upgrade of the Services Infrastructure. The Director of Estates may be able to suggest alternative equipment that may not require expensive and disruptive infrastructure work.
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Swansea University Estates Services
Energy Management Operational Procedural Manual April 2008 rev 1
Appendix A – Normal Heating Hours. 09/01
Finance Building
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/02
Singleton Abbey
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/03
Kier Hardie
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 22.00
09/04
James Callaghan
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 22.00
09/05
Library 1937 (Term times)
Sun - Thurs
08.00 – 02.00
Fri - Sat
08.00 – 20.00
09/06
Mosque
7 Days
08.00 – 22.00
09/07
Library
Sun - Thurs
08.00 – 02.00
Fri - Sat
08.00 – 20.00
09/08
Talbot / Faraday
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/09.0
Wallace
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/09.4
Margam
Mon – Fri
08.00 – 18.00
Sun
12.00 – 18.00
09/10
Wolfson Labs
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/11
Glyndwr / Vivian
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/12
Grove
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/13
Grove Extension
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/14
Innovation/Richard Price
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/15
Amy Dillwyn
09/16
Haldane
09/17
7 Days
24 Hrs
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
Fulton House
7 Days
06.00 – 24.00
09/18
Union House
7 Days
08.00 – 23.00
09/19
Kilvey
7 Days
06.30 – 22.00
09/20
Preseli
7 Days
06.30 – 22.00
09/21
Cefn Bryn / Rhossili
7 Days
06.30 – 22.00
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Swansea University Estates Services
Energy Management Operational Procedural Manual April 2008 rev 1
09/22 09/23 09/24
Digital Technium
09/25
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
Oxwich
7 Days
06.30 – 22.00
09/26
Langland
7 Days
06.30 – 22.00
09/27
Caswell
7 Days
06.30 – 22.00
09/31
Taliesin Annexe
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/32
Taliesin / Egypt Centre
7 Days
08.00 – 22.00
09/33
Institute of Life Sciences
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
09/34
Aqwa
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
Hendrefoilan Study Block
Mon - Fri
08.00 – 18.00
Hendrefoilan House
Mon - Sat
08.00 – 18.00
Hendrefoilan Library
Mon - Thurs
09.00 – 20.00
Fri - Sat
09.00 – 17.00
Mon - Fri
07.00 – 21.30
Sat - Sun
09.00 – 16.00
Sketty Lane Sports Centre
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Swansea University Estates Services
Energy Management Operational Procedural Manual April 2008 rev 1
Appendix B - Thermal Comfort Conditions The technical definition can be difficult to understand so we will try to describe it in 'lay person language' with examples. In most areas of the University we only control one internal climatic condition, namely air temperature in winter. There are many other factors which go to make up the sensation of thermal comfort or in our case a person's feeling of warmth as follows: • • • • •
air temperature radiant temperature due to the temperature of surrounding surfaces air movement humidity together with personal factors such as clothing and activity
Many attempts have been made to devise indices which combine the above variables. Dry bulb air temperature (we use this) has long been used as a convenient measure of warmth, but it can sometimes be misleading. Of the many indices around the most commonly encountered are equivalent temperature, effective temperature, globe temperature and resultant temperature. Four measurements are required to evaluate the thermal environment: • • • •
Air temperature (which we control in winter). Mean radiant temperature (not directly controlled), but is present from working radiators, sunshine, lights, machines, surface temperature etc. Wet bulb temperature (to determine humidity not directly controlled). Air speed (only controlled where ventilation equipment in use).
From the above it will be apparent the Energy & Environmental Engineer will have great difficulty in satisfying everyone's needs as we only effectively control one input, (see later heading 'HOW CAN YOU HELP'). For sedentary occupations the majority of people will be satisfied in rooms where the resultant o o temperature is between 19 C and 23 C when the air speed is up to 0.1 metre/second (i.e. normally still air).
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Swansea University Estates Services
Energy Management Operational Procedural Manual April 2008 rev 1
HOW CAN YOU HELP Winter Months • • • • •
Anticipate weather condition by watching or listening to local forecasts. This can determine the type of clothing you should wear that day at work. Keep a spare jumper in the office for those 'off days' when you may feel chilly. Make sure all windows and curtains are closed at the end of your working day. If your room is feeling stuffy; renew the air by fully opening a large window for no longer than 10 minutes and promptly close. Do not sit still for long periods, take exercise to warm body extremities and take hot drinks.
Arrange office furniture so that you can: • • •
Reach the radiator valve to turn off or on as you require. Do not drop clothing or other articles over radiators, these act as an insulation to heat transfer. Try to sit where you can feel the radiant heat from the radiator or sunshine.
To use our heating energy resources effectively requires treading a very thin line between: • • •
Lots of complaints A few complaints And no complaints, with windows thrown open
Co-operation and tolerance is required from the total University community under this condition, if we are to achieve the main principles of the energy policy.
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Swansea University Estates Services
Energy Management Operational Procedural Manual April 2008 rev 1
Appendix C - Air Conditioning In general this Institution will not install air conditioning. The supply of fresh air for oxygen replenishment, dissipation of body odours and high temperature limitation will be accomplished by natural ventilation. This will result in high summer time temperatures on approximately 23 working days per year in some rooms. The room occupants will be expected to come to terms with these high temperatures as the environmental and financial consequences of providing upper temperature control are unacceptable. Approved desk top fans are acceptable for use in very hot weather. Deviations to the above principle will occur in the following circumstances: Ventilation Mechanical ventilation will be provided to fulfil the following criteria: • •
to provide sufficient air for oxygen replenishment and dissipation of body odours where this cannot be accomplished by natural ventilation to remove stale, hot or noxious fumes from toilets, cooking canopies, fume cupboards or the like
Air Conditioning Full space temperature controls and possibly humidity control will be provided to fulfil the following criteria: • •
Where the combined effects of the heat input from people, lights and machinery cause the room temperatures to rise more than 8ºC above the ambient temperature due to the weather and solar gain. Where mechanical processes are wholly dependent upon close temperature control.
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Swansea University Estates Services
Energy Management Operational Procedural Manual April 2008 rev 1
Appendix D - Good Housekeeping Practice Individually, small savings you can make, add up collectively to large savings in energy. Remember there are approximately 14,000 people here and approximately 10% of energy could be saved by thoughtful use of facilities. This does not mean you have to sit in cold dark offices or accommodation. When energy is needed use it, however when not required turn it off or reduce to low level. The following suggestions are ways to achieve this ideal: • • • • •
Try to plan your day if using a computer. Don't just switch it on first thing in the morning and off last thing at night, when the system is perhaps only used for an hour. This is 'avoidable waste'. Lighting is another area overlooked and needs your attention. Try and use natural day light only. Doors and windows during the heating season come into the above category, do not leave them open longer than necessary. Water too is an energy source: o energy is required to process and distribute to taps o hot water requires heating Use water wisely.
Everyone can help by clearing their minds of 'it is not my job/problem so why should I bother'. It is everyone's problem by virtue of your actions. Example: Day-lit stairs and corridor lights found on in full sunshine, why? Probably lack of thought and understanding. In the last hundred years the gradual build up of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere is in fact caused by human use of fossil fuels. Please help to limit this process by thinking carefully about your actions. Other gases we have made use of are also causing problems in our atmosphere. If we are not more careful we could find ourselves on the path to extinction. We may already be on it!!
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Swansea University Estates Services
Energy Management Operational Procedural Manual April 2008 rev 1
Appendix E - Electric Fires There are two reasons for the policy regarding electric fires: •
Health and Safety Legislation The University has a duty under the Electricity at Work Regulation to ensure all electrical appliances are safe to use. This is done by regular planned maintenance and testing of all recorded equipment. We do not have the time or resources to check electrical equipment which is the personal property of staff and students, which could give an electric shock or start a fire, due to their poor condition and lack of maintenance.
•
Electrical Energy Creates Most CO2 Electric heating is used reluctantly throughout the University. The generation of electrical energy is the worst culprit for emission of CO2 to the atmosphere.
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