This project is funded by the European Union

Energy Efficient Building Code Roadmap 25 September 2012 Tunis ESCWA EE Workshop

Kurt Wiesegart www.med-enec.eu

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MED ENEC’s Activities This project is funded by the European Union

Business Development

Financing

Policy Development Specific Demand EE Building Codes

Knowledge Management / Curriculum Development

EE Building Projects - JOR , TUN,...

Awareness www.med-enec.eu

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EE Building Code a MUST!! Policy Committment: A Must!!

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EE Building Code

Electricity Consumption Buildings (% of Total Electricity Consumption) 70

70 60

This project is funded by the European Union

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62

56 47

50

40

40

47

40

30 20 10 0

ALG

EGY

JOR

LEB

MOR

PAL

TUN

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SYR

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Arab EE BC This project is funded by the European Union

The technical structure of the Arab EE BC covers the following issues: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

General and Nomenclatures Scope Climatic zones for Arab countries Compliance Describes options for compliance Mandatory Provisions Must be used Requirements for: Building Envelope (thermal insulation, windows to wall ratio, solar shading) Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning Service Water Heating Power Lighting Other Equipment Product Information and Installation Requirements Information products www.med-enec.eu

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EE Building Code - Status This project is funded by the European Union

ALG

EGY JOR LEB MOR PAL SYR

TUN

Technical Development of EE BCs (envelope)

Technical Development of EE BCs (Active systems) Legal Framework Development Endorsement Legislation Institutional Set-up Implementation Enforcement Monitoring & Evaluation Upgrading / adjustment Need to start Need to finalise or review Achieved

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TUNISIA EEBC This project is funded by the European Union

Introducing thermal standards in Tunisian buildings, ANME 2010

Climate Zones Tunisia www.med-enec.eu

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TUNISIA Labelling This project is funded by the European Union

Tunisian energy certificates for residential and non residential buildings www.med-enec.eu

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EE BC – what to cover This project is funded by the European Union

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EE Building Code This project is funded by the European Union

Challenges & Bottlenecks Development EE Building Code of EE Building Planning & Code Implementation Coordination Climate Data of Ministries

Awareness

Public, Professionals, Government

Enforcement

Execution Skills (contractors/labors) Materials (insulation)

Target setting Increase of Construction Cost

Building Energy Performance evaluation Existing Buildings

Mandatory www.med-enec.eu

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Stakeholders This project is funded by the European Union

Stakeholders to include in policy process • Ministries (e.g. Housing/Construction, Energy, Finance, Economy, Industry, Infrastructure)

• Sub departments in these fields (e.g. department

Policy and Administration

for building regulation)

• Regulatory and legislative bodies (like Building Code Commission)

• Municipal administration (building permitting department)

• Building officials (if applicable) • Building professionals (e.g. Developers, contractors, planning groups)

Private Sector Companies

Private Stakeholders

• • • • •

Building designers (architects, engineers) Energy auditors Suppliers of material & equipment Mortgage bankers, lenders, appraisers Utilities

• Building owners • Operators • General public (home owners)

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Policy Cycle This project is funded by the European Union

Define Target: concise and measureable Government Commitment : define budgets , consider synergies

Pool of experts: selectchange agents and relevant stakeholders Evaluate the technical and economic impact of the code

Communicate Targets: raise awareness and illustrate EE benefits

Complementary policy mix: Identify policyinstruments and combine measures for effectiveness

Compliance assessment (transparent procedures, independent institution)

1. Targets

Implementation planning: Plan timing when to launch which policy / consider synergies

Start cycle again, based on results

Define economic incentives

5. Evaluation

4. Enforcement

2. Strategy Install responsible institution

3. Implementation

Institutions: Developinstitutional set up (at least monitoring entity) Developlegalframework which is flexible

Plan enforcement strategy Startmonitoring, by independent entity Awareness raising, capacity building involving all relevant actors

Verification: Involve official commission to review Assign institutions responsibilities and plan accordingly Adopt the code (trough legislation, decrees, orders, etc.)

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Policy Design Cycle This project is funded by the European Union

Policy Design Cycle

1. Definition of Energy Efficiency Targets

2. Development of a Strategy to Reach the Target

3. Identification of Concrete Measures for Implementation

4. Enforcement and Monitoring

5. Evaluation of Compliance

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Target Groups This project is funded by the European Union

Target Groups & targeted means of communication Target groups

Means of communication

Governmental actors

Workshops – process guidelines

Building professionals

Hands-on trainings (on site)

Other interest groups (e.g .banks,

(online)

equippment suppliers)

General public

Liable to pay costs

Communication platforms Leaflets, TV, radio, newspaper

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Synergies & Conflicts This project is funded by the European Union

Potential synergies and conflicts concerning EE policies Potential synergy

Potential conflict Interest groups in ministries Does an efficiency policy of the ministry for economy be in conflict with tax reform by the ministry of finance?

What is the positive effect of an EE building code on the labour market?

Lobby groups Which R&D programmes are in place related to research on efficient building materials or appliances ?

Can efficiency incentives be in conflict with the sales of energy companies?

Which manufacturers can benefit from efficiency policies?

Will potential costs reduce margins of contractors?

How can utilities be involved in efficiency efforts?

Will utilities fear reduction of energy sales? Resources

Can EE pilot projects in public buildings reduce running costs?

Will ministry of finance be willing to spend money on this issue?

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Actors and Interaction This project is funded by the European Union

Interaction between actors The following diagram illustrates interactions and roles of different actors involved. Policy Makers

Government

Ministries

assign

Enforces the law >

Approves the law

• show commitment • legislate/regulate • allocate funds

Independent Institution

Local Authorities

Technical Compliance

Reference stakeholder group

( Building Code Committee)

Investors Utilities

Developers Suppliers / Manufacturers

• Verify ? • Monitor ?

Architects Contractor

Engineering Association,

Issues building permit ?

Evaluate

•Verify •Monitor • Develops Building Code and TS • Decides on permitting proccess • Evaluates impact

assign

Occupants

Actors that need to be regulated but at the same time can be important change agents

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Legal Options This project is funded by the European Union

Different legal options for policy frameworks Framework

Law

Directive

Guidelines

Pro - strongest commitment

Con - difficult to achieve initially - bureaucratic to change/ amend

- usually - may not be taken as amendable directly seriously as a law by govt. departments - helpful additional - no juridical power tool

Necessary steps - write draft - parliament needs to approve and adopt it - enforce - govt. department can change it if authorised to do so in original

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Legal EE BC Framework This project is funded by the European Union

Law text gives legal security and continuity

Directives

Directives

Directives

EEBC technical details should be framed as directives to allow for flexible changes

Guidelines

Information campaigns

Voluntary agreements Trainings

The Law text clarifies what the overall target is, and who is in charge of overall execution (e.g. which ministry)

If enabled through the law, ministries can then adopt, change and amend directives.

Some activities are not part of legal structures but the content should be linked to directives to increase effectiveness.

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EE BC an ongoing process This project is funded by the European Union

Development of primary heating demand in kWh/m²a (Germany)

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Policy Effect This project is funded by the European Union

Energy Performance of Buildings

~50% Reduction

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Definition of EE targets This project is funded by the European Union

KEY SUCCESS FACTORS Government demonstrating commitment by approaching the topic holistically Specific, measurable and time-bound targets Inclusion of relevant stakeholders Communicate benefits

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Building Permitting Process (simplified)

This project is funded by the European Union

A new building is planned

The architect develops construction plans The local building permitting entity

The architect submits an application for construction permit,

(municipal department or authorised energy agent)

together with the construction plan

reviews the documents

APPROVES

Constructor starts building

DISAPPROVES

Random inspections If not according to construction plan: Fines or building freeze and process starts again

Energy efficient building

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Policy Maker’s Checklist This project is funded by the European Union

POLICY MAKERS’ CHECKLIST 1: Target Setting Milestones Section Action Desired outcome 1.1 Define targets Concise and measureable targets based on -

local climate

-

local infrastructure.

Achieved? q

1.2

…..

1.3

Communicate

Raise awareness for efficiency and illustrate win win potential of energy saving measures.

q

2.1

Budget

- Realistic budget, acceptable for majority of politicians/ departments/ public

q

q

-….. q q

2.2 2.3 3.1 3.2 3.3

4.1 4.2 5

POLICY MAKERS’ CHECKLIST 3: Implementation Milestones Institutions …. Legal framework …. Verification Expert review and communication with all entities which will be involved in implementation and execution. POLICY MAKERS’ CHECKLIST 4: Enforcement Milestones Enforcement planning Monitoring Ensure that no entity monitors itself! POLICY MAKERS’ CHECKLIST 5: Evaluation Milestones Evaluation …….

q q q q q q

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EE Policy Measures This project is funded by the European Union

Types of EE policy measures Type of policy a)

a)

Type of measure

Regulation/ Legislation Mandatory standards

Monetary Incentives

Mandatory information systems Mandatory verification Financial incentives

Fiscal incentives

c) Voluntary agreement

Voluntary co-operation

d) Communication / Awareness

Information

Example EEBC elements: - u-value for building envelop - HVAC efficiency standard - Energy Performance Standards - labelling - meters - energy audits - grants - subsidies - special loans (e.g. low interest) - VAT reductions on efficient appliances - tax reduction when building efficiently - eco tax on electricity consumption - producers (e.g. of white/brown goods) commit to EE targets - events - brochures - trainings

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EE Instruments & Measures This project is funded by the European Union

List of EE Instruments and Measures (1) Mandatory Standards for Buildings Regulation for Heating/Cooling Systems and hot water systems

Energy Performance Standards Minimum thermal insulation standards Minimum efficiency standards for chillers/boilers Compulsory replacement of old equipment above a certain age Mandatory use of thermostats Control systems for cooling/heating (Regulation) Mandatory pipe insulation Periodic mandatory inspection of Heating/Ventilation/AC (HVAC) and other appliances

Mandatory use of solar thermal energy in buildings Other Regulation in the Field of Individual billing (multi-family houses) Indoor temperature limit(s) Buildings Minimum efficiency standards for electrical appliances Mandatory Standards for Mandatory measures for HVAC, efficient lighting, water pumps, elevators etc. Electrical Appliances For electrical appliances, such as fridges, microwaves, television sets etc. Mandatory labelling For installation systems, like heating, cooling and lighting equipment for new buildings Mandatory energy efficiency for existing buildings certificates For Governmental buildings (offices) Mandatory Energy Audits Public buildings (including schools and hospitals Large office Buildings large residential buildings

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EE Instruments & Measures This project is funded by the European Union

List of EE Instruments and Measures (2)

Financial Grants / Subsidies

Loans/Others

For investments in new buildings exceeding building regulation For investments in energy efficient building renovation For the purchase of more efficient boilers For the purchase of highly efficient electrical appliances For other energy efficiency investments For investment in renewables For CHP investments For energy audits Reduced interest rates (soft loans) Leasing of energy efficient equipment

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EE Instruments & Measures This project is funded by the European Union

List of EE Instruments and Measures (3)

Information/Education Voluntary labelling of buildings/components (existent and new) Information campaigns (by energy agencies, energy suppliers etc) Detailed energy/electrical bill aiming at EE improvement Regional and local information centre on energy efficiency

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EE Instruments & Measures This project is funded by the European Union

List of EE Instruments and Measures (4)

Co-operative Measures Voluntary/ negotiated agreements with producers of White / Brown Goods Voluntary/ negotiated agreements with producers of ICT (e.g. on stand-by) Voluntary demand side management measures of energy suppliers and distributors Technology procurement for en. efficient appliances and buildings

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EE Instruments & Measures This project is funded by the European Union

List of EE Instruments and Measures (5)

Cross-cutting with sector-specific characteristics Eco-tax on electricity/energy consumption or CO2 - emissions

Eco-tax with income (mainly) recycled to en. eff. / renewables Eco-tax with income recycled to indirect labour cost Eco-tax with reduced rates for the industrial sector

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EE BC Roadmap at MED ENEC Booth

This project is funded by the European Union

Thank You! A printout of the Draft EE BC Roadmap is at our booth

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