Environmental Biology Dr. Marvin Galloway & Paul Lowery Megan Jensen Aulston Minnie Kyle Murphy Ryan Holland Royce Turner Jordan Cops
Introduction As a team we went to Osage creek and collected biological samples from plants to fish. We also recorded the velocity of a 100 foot span. Then took water samples and brought them back to NWACC for testing. Over a span of a few weeks we tested for many different chemicals as well as Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes.
Overview
The class surveyed a 100 foot section of the Little Osage Creek, collecting plant and organism specimen. We then tested them and turned them into data for the WCRC to have for any future restoration of the creek.
Community
We are collecting information for the community for them to be aware of the stream health and quality. The community will also be aware of any contaminants in the water. The specific organization we will be giving this information to is, Watershed Conservation Resource Center (WCRC) in Fayetteville, AR.
Curriculum Learn to collect, organize, analyze, interpret, and present data in conjunction with preparation of a formal laboratory report. Students will experience ways that geospatial technology, including GIS and GPS can enhance field data collection and mapping.
Timeline
Study Area Osage Creek Coordinates Latitude: 36.314428 Longitude: -94.191812
Water Sampling Results 2013
Ammonium Nitrogen
pH
Chlorine
Iron
Nitrate
Phosphorus
Sulfide
P
C
+
9/7.5
-
-
3.8
3.0
-
G+
A
Results 2013
Depth 1 south
Width
Organisms Organism # 1 2
Organism Name
12.5
9
10.16667
21
10
10.75
15
11.91667
27.83
12
20
20
17.33333
time 1 (seconds)
104
100
91
98.33333
= 3 pts
time 2
"
148
96
87
110.3333
time 3
"
142
112
109
131.3333
102.6667
95.66667
Downstream
Combined
Stonefly Caddisfly
3
3
3
Group 1
3
Water Penny
Group 2
= 2 pts
4
Riffle Beetle
Group 3
= 1 pt
5
Mayfly
6
Gilled Snail
7
Dobsonfly
3
3
3
3
3
Group 1 Sum
6
9
9
8
Crayfish
2
2
2
9
Sowbug
Width
Depth 1
Depth 2
Depth 3
14.33
Midpoint (feet)
21
0.83
0.90
1.25
0.99
27.83
1.00
1.67
1.67
1.44
Average width
1.04
0.75
0.85
21.05333
0.92
Scud
11
Alderfly
12
Fishfly
13
Damselfly
14
Watersnipe Fly
velocity 1 (ft/s)
0.48
0.50
0.55
15
Crane Fly
velocity 2
"
0.34
0.52
0.57
16
Beetle Larva
velocity 3
"
0.35
0.45
0.46
17
Dragonfly
Average velocity
0.39
0.49
0.53
18
Clam
19
Aquatic Worm
20
Midge Fly
21
Blackfly
22
Leech
23
Pouch Snail
24
Other snails Group 3 Sum
Sum of Index Values Average of Pool/Riffle Sum Indices
Avg Depth
Upstream (feet) Dowstream (feet)
Travel distance (feet)
2
121 109.8889
0.75
10
Group 2 Sum
Avg.
9
25' Pool
Depth 3 north
14.33
Upstream
Riffle
Depth 2 mid
50
2
2
1
1
Discharge = width * depth * velocity
1
Gallons/sec = cfs * 7.48 gal/cf =
67.95702 gallons/second
1
Gallons/day = gal/sec * 86400 sec/day =
5,871,487 gallons/day
1 1
9.09 cfs
5.9 million gallons/day 1
1
1
3
4
9
14
15 11.5
Velocity
0.47
Fish Results 2013 POOL 9/26
9/19
RIFFLE
Pool
Pool
number of fish of species ni
Pool Sunfish
Bluegill
Riffle
TOTAL
Riffle
total number of fish N
Riffle
number of fish of species ni
Total
total number of fish N
Total
number of fish of species ni
POOL
RIFFLE
TOTAL
Shannon log
Shannon log
Shannon log
total number of fish N
Total
ni/N
log ni/N
ni/N * log ni/N
ni/N
log ni/N
ni/N * log ni/N
ni/N
log ni/N
ni/N * log ni/N
11
11
11
30
11
54
0.366667
-0.43573
-0.15977
0.203704
-0.691
-0.14076
Green Sunfish
2
2
2
30
2
54
0.066667
-1.17609
-0.07841
0.037037
-1.43136
-0.05301
Darters
Orange throated
4
26
4
30
26
54
0.133333
-0.87506
-0.11667
0.481481
-0.31742
-0.15283
Minnows
Ozark Shiner?
2
2
2
30
0.066667
-1.17609
-0.07841
Livebearers
Mosquitofish
Total
0.478261
-0.32034
-0.1532
2
54
0.037037
-1.43136
-0.05301
1
46
1
54
0.021739
-1.66276
-0.03615
0.018519
-1.73239
-0.03208
17
17
17
46
17
54
0.369565
-0.43231
-0.15977
0.314815
-0.50194
-0.15802
4
4
4
46
4
54
0.086957
-1.0607
-0.09223
0.074074
-1.13033
-0.08373
11
2
13
2
46
13
54
0.043478
-1.36173
-0.05921
0.240741
-0.61845
-0.14889
30
46
76
RIFFLE
-0.50056
TOTAL
-0.82233
0.91
0.74
0.92
S N
46
1
Stoneroller
Banded Sculpin
22
1
Ozark Minnow?
Sculpin
22
11
30
0.366667
-0.43573
-0.15977
POOL
-0.59302
Previous Years Results 2012 POOL
RIFFLE
Pool
Pool
TOTAL
Riffle
Riffle
Total
Total
POOL
RIFFLE
TOTAL
Shannon log
Shannon log
Shannon log
number of fish total number of number of fish total number of number of fish total number of of species ni fish N of species ni fish N of species ni fish N
Pool Sunfish
Darters
Minnows
Redear
Riffle
Total
1
ni/N
1
1
63
1
82
0
82
log ni/N
ni/N * log ni/N
0.015873
-1.79934
-0.02856
ni/N
log ni/N
ni/N * log ni/N
ni/N
log ni/N
ni/N * log ni/N
0.012195
-1.91381
-0.02334
Fan tail
8
12
20
8
63
12
19
20
82
0.126984
-0.89625
-0.11381
0.631579
-0.19957
-0.12605
0.243902
-0.61278
-0.14946
orange-throat
6
6
12
6
63
6
19
12
82
0.095238
-1.02119
-0.09726
0.315789
-0.5006
-0.15808
0.146341
-0.83463
-0.12214
Ozark Shiner
32
32
32
63
32
82
0.507937
-0.29419
-0.14943
0.390244
-0.40866
-0.15948
9
8
63
1
19
9
82
0.126984
-0.89625
-0.11381
0.052632
-1.27875
-0.0673
0.109756
-0.95957
-0.10532
Southern Redbelly Dace
8
1
Shiner
5
5
5
63
5
82
0.079365
-1.10037
-0.08733
0.060976
-1.21484
-0.07408
Chub?
2
2
2
63
2
82
0.031746
-1.49831
-0.04757
0.02439
-1.61278
-0.03934
1
63
1
82
0.015873
-1.79934
-0.02856
0.012195
-1.91381
-0.02334
POOL
-0.66632
TOTAL
-0.69649
0
Sculpin
1
1
Livebearers
Total
63
19
82
RIFFLE
-0.35143
Previous Years Results 2011 POOL
RIFFLE
Pool
Pool
TOTAL
Riffle
Riffle
Total
Total
POOL
RIFFLE
TOTAL
Shannon log
Shannon log
Shannon log
number of total number number of total number number of total number fish of species of fish N fish of species of fish N fish of species of fish N ni ni ni
GPS GIS Google Microsoft Office Smart Phones PowerPoint Excel Incubator Microscopes Plant Press Transportation
Conclusion Through weeks of research, our team collected and analyzed specimen from Osage Creek. To help WCRC identify the different invasive and native species to the creek to eventually restore the riparian area of Osage to a more native environment. All of the samples that we have collected throughout the Fall semester of 2013, will be held in the Botany Department at the NWACC Campus.
Acknowledgements • • • •
Sandi Formica- Executive Director of WCRC Dr. Marvin Galloway- Dean of Science and Mathematics Paul Lowery- Physical Science Chair, Instructor Laurie Scott-Morris- Science Lab Assistant
References • Ozark Wildflowers, by Don Kurz, copyright 1999 Morris Book Publishing, LLC, previously published by Falcon Publishing, Inc • Wildflowers of Arkansas, by Carl G. Hunter, copyright 1984 by The Ozark Society Foundation • Missouri Wild Flowers, by Edgar Denison, copyright 2008 by the Conservation Commission of the State of Missouri
