Beer packaging: CO2 emissions & potential savings
Nicola Jenkin Retail Innovation Team, WRAP
www.wrap.org.uk/innovatio nfund
Agenda • Introduction • Beer packaging in the household • CO2 emissions & beer packaging • Reducing CO2 emissions • Conclusions
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Introduction
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Role of WRAP & Retail Innovation WRAP • Creating markets for recycled materials and products; Promotion of resource efficiency; waste minimisation Retail Innovation • Focus on minimisation of household waste derived from retail
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50% of household waste from retail
Packaging waste: 4.6 million tonnes www.wrap.org.uk/innovatio nfund
Beer packaging in the household
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Beer & cider packaging • Off-premise beer drinking • Accounts for 41% of the total UK beer & cider markets • Growth of 50% over the last decade (Source:
Scottish & Newcastle)
• Glass bottles UK sales through retailers to the household: • 74.6 million units • 51,608 tonnes of glass (Source:
British Glass & Exel Packaging Datastore)
• Cans – Total UK beer cans: 4.1 billion units: – UK sales through retailers to the household: • 196.5 million units • 27,602 tonnes of metal (Source:
British www.wrap.org.uk/innovatio Can Makers Europe & Exel Packaging Datastore)
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CO2 emissions and beer packaging
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The context • April 2001:
Climate Change Levy
• A 15% increase in energy costs • UK glass industry has obtained an 80% rebate, providing they: – Needs to achieve year on year savings between 2000 and 2010 – It must reduce energy consumption by approx. 10% – Every 2 years it must meet specified interim targets (Source:
British Glass/Enviros)
• Energy prices www.wrap.org.uk/innovatio increasing nfund
Beer bottle manufacturing • UK factories generated 4,403 ktonnes of air emissions producing container glass (Source:
British Glass Mass Balance)
• Beer production: 17% of total energy is used for producing the containers – Plastic crates, beer bottles, caps and labels
• Emissions from glass furnaces represent an average of 601kg of CO2 per metric tonne of glass produced (Source:
–
British Glass Mass Balance)
31,016 tonnes www.wrap.org.uk/innovatio CO2 emissions associated with nfund
Container glass manufacture 4.32 tonnes of materials
Raw materials 1 tonne
1 tonne of container glass
Air emissions 2.59 tonnes
Landfill 0.01 tonnes
Water 0.71 tonnes Construction 0.002 tonnes
Source: Balance
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British Glass Mass
Transport air emissions Theoretical air emissions resulting from the distribution of glass containers • Road transport km/tonne of production – 99.50 tonnes • Non-road transport km/tonne of production – 8.43 tonnes • CO2 transport tonnes/tonne of production www.wrap.org.uk/innovatio – 0.15 tonnes nfund
Reducing CO2 emissions
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CO2 reduction opportunities • Light-weighting bottles and cans – Saves resources – Saves energy used (manufacturing & distribution)
• Increased usage of recycled glass • Distribution and transport – Reduction in fuel usage • Decrease in number of empty journeys
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A light-weighting example Beer bottles: Kirin Brewery’s, Japan Weight: weight Form:
21% reduction in bottle Height identical to original
Form: Diametre reduced due to thinner glass Strength: Stronger than conventional bottles 605g
Transport efficiency: efficient Recyclability:
12% more
Same www.wrap.org.uk/innovatio as nfund
475g
A light-weighting example 350ml beer cans: Kirin Brewery’s, Japan •
Weight: (15.2g)
•
Realised energy savings during aluminium production
26% reduction
• equivalent to 4.1 days worth of power consumption by households in the Tokyo metropolitan region
•
Realised resource savings • 26,000 tonnes of aluminium per annum
•
16% reduction inwww.wrap.org.uk/innovatio CO2 savings nfund
Best in Class: bottles
330ml beer
(Source: WRAP/Exel Packaging Datastore Beer Best in Class analysis)
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Potential for change: beer bottles
330ml
Potential for change* If all 330ml beer bottle packaging weighed 'best in class', there would be a total tonnage saving of: 10,063,493 Total units that could be lightweighted 2,214 Estimated total tonnage if all these units were lightweighted 2,257.93 Estimated total tonnage if all units were BIC (incl. units already BIC) 277.07 Estimated reduction in tonnage if all units were lightweighted 70 % difference between best and middle class
C02 emissions saving of 718 tonnes
(Source: WRAP/Exel Packaging Datastore Beer Best in Class analysis)
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*in the household waste stream
Best in Class: 4x440ml beer cans
(Source: WRAP/Exel Packaging Datastore Beer Best in Class analysis)
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Potential for change: beer cans
4x440ml
Potential for change* If all 4x440ml beer can packaging weighed BIC, there would be a total tonnage saving of: 56,077,136 Total units that could be lightweighted 4,187 Estimated total tonnage if all these units were lightweighted 4,771.58 Estimatd total tonnage if all units were BIC (incl. units already BIC) 2,088.28 Estimated reduction in tonnage if all units were lightweighted 53 % difference between best and middle class
C02 emissions saving of ? tonnes
*in the household waste stream (Source: WRAP/Exel Packaging Datastore Beer Best in Class analysis)
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Conclusions - What if … • All beer bottle products sold through supermarkets weighed ‘best in class’? – –
a total weight reduction of 18,430 tonnes A CO2 reduction of 47,730 tonnes
• All beer can products sold through supermarkets weighed ‘best in class’? – –
a total weight reduction of 19,600 tonnes www.wrap.org.uk/innovatio a CO2 reduction of ? Tonnes nfund
Thank you thank you www.wrap.org.uk/innovatio nfund