NATO

Science for Peace and Security (SPS) Programme

Workshop on CBRN Defence – 22-24 October 2013 – Brussels

Emerging Security Challenges Division

NATO

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NATO Science for Peace and Security (SPS) Programme Rapid Diagnosis in Populations at Emergency and Risk

Krakow

Zakopane

Krakow

NATO ATC - RADIPER- Co-directors: - Cebulska-Wasilewska Antonina, PhD, DSc, Full Professor The H. Niewodniczański Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-342 Krakow, Poland. - Osipov Andreyan N., PhD, DSc, The N.N.Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia. Krakow-Zakopane-Krakow, POLAND, Dates : 19th – 23th of October 2009 2

Project Description - General overview, People can potentially be exposed to hazardous agents; chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear as a result of ambient air pollution, an accident, or even act of terrorism or war. I-131 average dose: 0.07Sv

Strong variability between individuals should be expected in a response to the hazardous event, depending on CBRN: - dose/exposure - dose rate, - individual susceptibility

11.0 Sv

Chromosome damage Genetic instability Cancer gene activation

Lymphocytes responses (MN frequency) from the same subjects after low and high dose. A CebulskaWasilewska, et al..(2011) Kor. J.Rad.Ind,5. 3

Project Description - General overview, It is extremely unlikely, that in emergency situation with the possible risk of mass casualty, the potential victims will wear adequate exposure indicators. Therefore, for health protection of the population at risk, it is crucial to have a fast and appropriate estimate of the magnitude of exposure’s effects. Chromosome damage Genetic instability Cancer gene activation

It should allow stratifications of exposed people to groups of various health hazards: 1st those, with risk within days or weeks of deterministic, medical effects, that must have clinical treatment initiated at once, & 2nd that should start protective and preventive action to avoid or diminish late stochastic effects i.e., an increased risk of cancer 4

Project Description - General overview, Therefore, there is a critical need for reliable methods to measure the absorbed/internal dose and molecular or cellular effects that occur in the tissue of the exposed individual, and those in particular, that on one hand, are associated with levels of death (chemical, biological, radiological & nuclear) Prevalence CBRN agents, Biochemical markers, symptom of diseases Biochemical changes of uncertain outcome Internal dose

Biomarker

and on the other, are predictive to most of possible short and long term harmful consequences. 5

Project Description - Objectives In the year of 60th anniversary of NATO, main goals of the RADIPER NATO Advanced Training Course were:  to cover all scientific aspects in the field of monitoring human populations at risk.  To fill gaps of knowledge or/and to understand variability in transition from stochastic to deterministic effects.  To explore a role and limitations of biomarkers associated to humans' early and late health risk caused DNA by exposures to genotoxic agents resulting from CBRN treats. Chromosome damage Genetic instability Cancer gene activation

CA

FISH MN 6

Project Description - Expected outcomes

[a]

Deepen knowledge and expanded practical skills, resulting in improvement of understanding of differences between the physical and biological dosimetry, in particular at low and high doses/exposures and various range of actions (acute versus chronic).

While expanding practical skills during the training hours, [b] by stimulated discussions, helping to create the platform for friendly and cooperative exchange of information about procedures or needs of assistance in future applications of health risk biomarkers. [c] Finally, creation of the sensitive network, taking in advance the best action to protect the public against consequences of terrorism and other threats on the basis of state-of-the-art knowledge Figs;a,b,c - discussions beween a) lecturers and fellow,b&c fellows and trainers

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Project Outcome - Results NATO ATC „RADIPER” gathered 60 teachers, scientists, researchers, technicians from 22 countries, Objectives of the Course were obtained trough various types of activities:  Lectures (16)

 oral presentations (14) RADIPER

 methodology seminars (7)  trainings (6)

 posters presentations (28)  social events (6)

Belarus

Croatia

Holland

Lithuania

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Project Outcome - Results Lectures and oral presentations covered general topics:  general issues in human monitoring studies: regulations methodology biomarkers (molecular epidemiology)

 health risk from acute and chronic exposures physical chemical with and without radioprotectors

 physical dosimetry; models and detection  preparedness against health risk from acute exposures 9

Project Outcome - Results Lectures and oral presentations were covering large range of topics; starting from general issues of human monitoring of health risk from acute and chronic chemical and radiation exposures.

10

Project Outcome - Results Basis of physical detection of radiation in the environment, various aspects of radiobiology, application and use of biomarkers and bio-indicators at the environment at risk.

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Project Outcome - Results Various aspects and confounding factors; physical (dose, dose rate, quality factors) and biological (genetics, polymorphisms, life style) occupational and environmental exposure interaction, and ending on general risk estimate procedures and medical managements of emergency in case of mass casualty.

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Project Outcome - Results Practical trainings:  historical - NATO-CD - Madame Curie - lecture --exhibition (95 anniversary),

Madame Curie’s mobile - Maria & Irene Curie with US officers - MSC exhibition at NATO ATC RADIPER

Madame Curie in 1914 (as the laureate of 2 Nobel Prizes and as the distinguished scientists) organized for the frontline of War radiological services and therapeutic with Ra source, then she started first training courses for military medical doctors and nurses. 13

Project Outcome - Results Practical trainings:  bioindicators (Trad-SH  .  biomarkers (DNARPC CA, SCE, FISH MN)   physical dosimetry (gamma tracer, TLD detectors start & walk with gamma tracer - at uranium mine spot - unpacking TLD dosimeters - results from walk

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Project Outcome - Results Impact - general contribution of the project to CRBN defence, contribution to regional cooperation and security)

• Published book - NATO monograph: Rapid Diagnosis in Populations at Risk from Radiation and Chemicals, eds. A. Cebulska-Wasilewska, A.N. Osipov, F. Darroudi, IOS Press, NATO Science for Peace and Security Series E: Human and Societal Dynamics- vol. 73 ISBN 9781-60750-644-7 (print) 978-1-60750-645-4 (online) (2010) •Cooperation with Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection (CLOR) - P.Krajewski 1977 1990

2007

- „Evolution of Norms and Procedures Radiological Protection after

disaster of NPP Fukushima Daiichi, PRRS Conference - strategic research project “Technologies supporting the development of safe nuclear power” financed by the National Centre for Research and Development 15

Project Outcome - Results Impact - general contribution of the project to CRBN defence, contribution to regional cooperation and security)

• Impact and activity in the 14th ICRR congress and satellites symposia where security and safety of Chernobyl and Fukushima were compared and gained a high concern •

working groups meetings on scientific conferences (Kazakhstan, Holland, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, UK)

• Co-operation: 1)Kazakhstan, Holland, Poland, Russia, Ukraine, UK in trial to get from EC, the research project allowing to exchange fellows in the field of human monitoring and retrospective biological dosimetry. 2) master thesis - Ukraine, 3) references. 4) exchange of e-mails, news (Armenia, Albania, Kazakhstan,Holland, Poland, Romania,Russia, Ukraine,UK) 16

Way Forward – SPS CBRN Please elaborate on the following issues: •

What

research

in

CBRN

Defence

requires

urgent

and

substantial

attention?

Radiobiology; high dose region (Q1): are we able to trace the variability between individual susceptibility to IR, at the dose region between domination of stochastic versus deterministic effects? Low dose region (Q2): do we pay enough attention that some of DNA lesions may have some mutagenic potential in conjunction with other lesions? (AO) (Q3AO) Radiological Protection Standards need more concern to dose-rate‘s contribution to health risks. •

What should’ be the focus of the SPS Programme in CBRN Defence?

•

Ideas for potential SPS activities in the CBRN field (according to your expertise):ACW-

- Stochastic versus deterministic radioprotectors and scavengers effective for various DNA repair pathway and polymorhic predisposition.

Relationship between EPR dosimetry results versus biomarkers of HR DNA repair path & DNA RCA. AO-Effects of low dose-rate exposure to CBRN agents. 17

Project Outcome

Thank you for your attention

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