IEEE-SA Workshop, Bangalore, India

Emerging Ethernet Technologies, TSN and IoT July 2013 Wael William Diab Sr. Technical Director, Office of The CTO, Broadcom Vice-Chair, IEEE 802.3 (Ethernet) Working Group Vice-Chair, IEEE-SA Corporate Advisory Group Member IEEE-SA Standards Board, IEEE SEC

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Before I Share My Views… “At lectures, symposia, seminars, or educational courses, an individual presenting information on IEEE standards shall make it clear that his or her views should be considered the personal views of that individual rather than the formal position, explanation, or interpretation of the IEEE.” IEEE-SA Standards Board Operation Manual (subclause 5.9.3)

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Agenda Overview of Ethernet Ethernet’s 40th Anniversary

Emerging Ethernet Technologies Overview of IoT Next Generation IEEE 802.1 TSN Concluding remarks

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Ethernet 40th Anniversary

40TH

•

Ethernet invented 40 years ago this year!

•

Ubiquitous wired networking connectivity of choice – From connecting computers to Datacenter, Service Provider, Enterprise, Access, Automotive Green and more…

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28th December 2012 30th September 2010 17th June 2010

Power over Ethernet 10Gb/s Ethernet

Ethernet in First Mile

Backplane Ethernet

Energy‐efficient Ethernet 40Gb/s  and 100Gb/s Ethernet

2012Reviion of Ethernet Std

6th April 2005 12th June 2003 13th June 2002

25th June 1998

Full Duplex Ethernet

1000Mb/s Ethernet

Link Aggregation

20th March 1997

100Mb/s Ethernet

30th March 2000

14th June 1995

10BASE‐T

Dates are for approval as IEEE standard

10Mb/s Ethernet

10Mb/s Repeater

10Mb/s Fiber (FOIRL)

28th September 1990 10th December 1987 12th December 1985

23rd June 1983

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22nd March 2007

30 Years of Ethernet Standards

Ethernet: History and Relation to 802 • 2013 is 40th Anniversary of Ethernet!! – Ethernet invented in 1973

• History of LMSC – 1st meeting Feb 1980. Originally known as the Technical Committee on Computer Communications (TCCC or “TTriple-C”). Originally LAN, MAN scope added later

• LMSC consists of – SEC (802.0): Sponsor Executive Committee – WGs/TAGs (802.x): Working Groups and Technical Advisory Groups

• Examples of Active WGs/TAGs – Notice the historic success of odd numbered groups! – 802.1, 802.3, 802.11, 802.15, 802.16, 802.17, 802.18, 802.19, 802.20, 802.21, 802.22, 802.24 Version 1.0

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Ethernet: Organization and Process • Organization – Each Working Group has its own leadership and projects called Task Forces – Each TF has its own leadership. Exists for the duration of the project – For Ethernet, 802.3 and its membership make up the Working Group.

• Process – Idea starts as a “Call For Interest” and then goes through a long, thorough and strict process before becoming a standard. Requires 75% approval (individual) – Day-to-day technical work is done in a group operating under .3 (SG/TF) – Work has to be approved by .3. Ensures compatibility etc. w/ prior projects Version 1.0

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IEEE 802 • Application agnostic • Diverse set of world-renowned wired and wireless communication interfaces IEEE 802 Sponsor Executive Committee

IEEE 802.1 Bridging, Architecture Working Group

IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Working Group

IEEE 802.11 Wireless LAN Working Group

IEEE 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Networks Working Group

IEEE 802.16 Broadband Wireless Access Working Group

IEEE 802.17 Resilient Pack Ring Working Group

IEEE 802.18 Radio Regulatory Technical Advisory Group

IEEE 802.19 Coexistence Technical Advisory Group

IEEE 802.20 Mobile Broadband Wireless Access Working Group

IEEE 802.21 Media Independent Handoff

IEEE 802.22 Wireless Regional Area Networks Working Group

IEEE 802.24 Smart Grid TAG

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IEEE 802 Working Groups • 802.1 - Protocol layers above the MAC & LLC layers • 802.3 – Ethernet-based Local Area Networks (LANs)

OSI Reference Model

• 802.11 – Wireless Local and Metropolitan Area Networks (LANs/MANs) • 802.15 – Personal Area Networks or short distance wireless networks (WPANs)

Application

• 802.16 - Wireless Broadband Metropolitan Area Networks (WBMANs) • 802.17 - Development and deployment of Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) networks in Local, Metropolitan, and Wide Area Networks (LANs, MANs, WANs)

Presentation Session

• 802.18 - Radio Regulatory Technical Advisory Group ("RR-TAG") • 802.19 - Coexistence between wireless standards and reviews coexistence assurance (CA) documents produced by the wireless working groups

Transport

• 802.20 - Mobile Broadband Wireless Access (MBWA)

Network

• 802.21 - Handover and interoperability between networks

Data Link

• 802.22 - Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRANs)

Physcial

• 802.24 – Smart Grid TAG

Medium

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Key Historic Projects

EVOLUTION OF ETHERNET

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IEEE Std 802.3u-1995 100Mb/s Ethernet

HSSG formed

IEEE P802.3u 100Mb/s Ethernet Task Force

High Speed Study Group N

D

J

F

M

A

M

J

J

A

S

O

N

D

J

F

M

A

M

1993

J

J

A

S

O

D1

IEEE P802.3u PAR Approved

High Speed Study Group J

F

M

A

M

J

A

S

O

Working group ballot

N

D

J

F

M

A

M

D1

J

D2

J

Sponsor ballot D5

J

A

S

O

N

D

J

F

M

A

M

J

1998 Working group ballot

Sponsor ballot D4

D5

IEEE Std 802.3ae-2002 10Gb/s Ethernet

J

J

A

S

O

N

Standard approved

IEEE P802.3ae 10Gb/s Ethernet Task Force D

J

F

M

A

M

1999

J

J

A

S

O

N

D

J

F

M

A

M

J

J

A

S

O

N

D1

IEEE P802.3ae PAR Approved

J

F

D2

M

A

M

J

2002

Working group ballot

Sponsor ballot

D3

D4

D5

IEEE P802.3ba 40Gb/s and 100Gb/s Ethernet

HSSG formed High Speed Study Group O

N

2006

D

J

F

M

A

M

J

J

Standard approved

IEEE P802.3ba 40Gb/s and 100Gb/s Ethernet Task Force A

S

O

N

D

J

F

M

A

M

2007

J

J

A

S

O

N

D

J

F

M

IEEE P802.3ba PAR Approved

A

M

J

J

A

S

O

N

Planned D

J

F

2009

2008 Task Force review

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D

2001

2000 Task Force review

S

M

Standard approved

D3

High Speed Study Group

A

A

D4

1997

HSSG formed

J

M

IEEE P802.3z 1Gb/s Ethernet Task Force J

IEEE P802.3z PAR Approved

M

F

D3

Task Force review

A

J

1995

D2

1996

M

D

IEEE Std 802.3z-1998 1Gb/s Ethernet

HSSG formed D

N

1994 Task Force review

N

Standard approved

D1

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A

M

J

2010

Working group ballot D2

M

Sponsor ballot D3

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Higher Speed Ethernet Penetration Campus/ Enterprise Core

Wiring Closet

Clients Version 1.0

Service Provider

Data Center

Core

Distribution

Aggregation

Access

Distribution

Servers IEEE-SA India Workshop 2013 Plenary IEEE P802.3 Maintenance report – July 2008

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Ethernet in the First Mile

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The Key Piece of the Access Puzzle • 10G EPON will provide the solution for high definition content distribution • Complements work on 10G for data centers, and AV Bridges • Drives higher BW in the CO and aggregation network – Similar use for 4G wireless backhaul Central Office

Home network

Distribution

>10G Ethernet 10G EPON Video server

L2 switch

OLT passive splitter

VOIP gateway

Version 1.0

AV bridge

ONU

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Power over Ethernet 20W PTZ CAM

3~7W IP Phone

> 15W PC

18W Wi-Fi AP/RG

Powered Device (PD)

Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE) Switch, Router, Gateway, Set-top Box

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PoE Architecture: Switch Powered Device (PD)

Power Sourcing Equipment (PSE) 8 SPARE

7

SPARE

5 4

DATA

10/100 EPHY

SPARE SPARE

6 3

10/100 EPHY

2 DATA

1

P 44V to 57V

POE - PSE

POE – PD

N

Isolated Side Version 1.0

DC-DC Converter

Wire Side

Type 1 (AF) =15.4W Type 2 (AT) = 30W PSE = Power Sourcing Equipment

Type 1 (AF) =12.95W Type 2 (AT) = 25.5W PD = Powered Device

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PoE/P Enhanced Layer 2 Operation Classic operation requires worst case budgeting, allocation

PoE/P can also be completely turned off. Ethernet communication can be used to turn other subsystems off also

In-efficient, wasteful use of power supplies, backup (UPS)

Continuous Power Re-Classification via L2

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Dynamic power budgeting raises system, supply efficiencies. Smart allocation allows feature scalability with power budget. Copyright 2013 Page 17 17 Page

Application – Wiring Closet EEE Enabled GigE or 10G Links (for 10G EEE-enabled aggregation Cu links Version 1.0

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Application – Data Center and TOR Data Center Rack

EEE Enabled GigE or 10G Links (for 10G EEE-enabled Cu links

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Application - AVB home network

DVD

DVR/PVR

1. Listening to satellite radio on EAV receiver, link between receiver and switch 2. Start playing DVD on a screen in another room 3. DVR/PVR set to record “Survivor” from satellite receiver at 8:00 pm on Thursday Migration towards multiple low-latency uncompressed native HD streams driving BW Version 1.0

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Why Ethernet is the Ubiquitous Wired Networking Technology

EVOLUTION OF ETHERNET

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IEEE 802.3 Ethernet PHY Types Rate (b/s) 100G

Key:

10G 1000M 100M

- Backplane

- Co-axial

- Twin-axial

- Twisted pair

- Multimode Fibre

- Single-mode Fibre

- Voice grade copper

- Point to Multipoint Fibre

10M 1M 0.1

1

10

102

103

104

105

Distance (m)

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Ethernet: Convergence and Leverage Broadband Access Content Providers Broadband Access Networks

Internet Backbone Networks

Internet Backbone Networks

Enterprise Networks

Content Networks

Research Networks

Internet eXchange and Interconnection Points

Data Centers and Enterprise Version 1.0

Research, Education and Government

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Convergence • Connectivity convergence – Ethernet is the ubiquitous connectivity technology – From the home to the core, convergence is occurring • Consumer, Enterprise, SP, Backhaul, Datacenter, HPC etc.

– Drives higher volumes, lower cost – Eliminates unnecessary protocol conversions – Conventional connections within the home migrating to Ethernet. E.g. HDTVs already have Ethernet connectors

• Network architecture convergence – Different “types” of networks have increasingly more similarities than differences. E.g. access and distribution – Higher layer feature requirement differences certainly exist but can be transparent to the connectivity layer

• Ethernet has a well understood maturity curve Version 1.0

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Converging Network Architectures Core Layer

Ethernet

L3 Aggregation Layer L2 Aggregation Layer

Access Layer

Similar Architectures for SP, DC, Enterprise Etc. Version 1.0

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Leverage • Technology leverage – Family of technologies running natively on Ethernet • E.g. EEE, PoEP, AVB, HSE, MACSec, Link Aggregation

– Keeps the L2 stack simple by running native – Technologies are “free” when you run Ethernet

• Media leverage – Family of technologies supporting variety of media at each speed – No need to reinvent solutions for new application spaces like the home or core, simply build on Ethernet. Hybrid solutions possible

• Speed and cost point leverage – Family of technologies supporting variety of speeds and cost points – No need to reinvent solutions for new application spaces like the home or access, simply build on Ethernet

• System leverage – E.g. An EFM interface is a new interface to existing switch fabrics

• Si and sub-system leverage – E.g. Low cost 100M/1G switches, optical sub assemblies etc. Version 1.0

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Growing Application Space: Variety of Content, Providers, Users Any Content

Voice

Video

Over Any Media

Anywhere, Anytime

Home Network

Cable Service Provider

Telephone Service Provider

Enterprise Network

Satellite Service Provider

Data

Mobile Network Wireless Service Provider

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Emerging Apps and their Requirements • Focus on application requirements – Diverse applications distilled to succinct requirements – Ability to focus on requirements driven by convergence

• Traditional application requirements – Bandwidth, QoS

HSE

• New reqs driven by constant connectivity, on demand, user generated content and virtualization • Broad new requirements – – – – Version 1.0

Latency guarantee Energy cost per bit Security Congestion IEEE-SA India Workshop 2013 Plenary IEEE P802.3 Maintenance report – July 2008

TSN EEE .1AE DCB Copyright 2013

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Agenda Overview of Ethernet Ethernet’s 40th Anniversary

Emerging Ethernet Technologies Overview of IoT Overview of IEEE Standards Association Concluding remarks

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ENERGY EFFICIENT ETHERNET (EEE) Version 1.0

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The problem

Numbers represent U.S. only

• All electronics – IT equipment, consumer electronics, telephony • Residential, commercial, industrial

– At least 250 TWh/year – $20 billion/year •

Based on .08$/kWh; rates are rising

One central baseload power plant (about 7 TWh/yr)

– Over 180 million tons of CO2 per year • Roughly equivalent to 35 million cars!

• IT equipment about half of this – PCs, displays, printers, servers, network equipment PCs etc. are digitally networked now — Consumer Electronics (CE) will be soon Version 1.0

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Industry and Regulatory Trends • Government and Industry Recognition – April 19, 2006 “Green Grid” formed – December 20, 2006 House Resolution 5646 signed into law – European code of conduct – Japanese government initiative “Top Runner”

• IEEE P802.3az – Energy Efficient Ethernet – Cu based Ethernet interfaces will go green

• Energy Star – EEE requirements for Servers planned in future draft (2010) once P802.3az is ratified – EEE requirements for PCs planned in future draft (2010) once P802.3az is ratified – Historically, EU and other countries will follow suit – Energy Star has kicked off an enterprise storage elements specification, gaming console etc. – Specification for SNE (Small Networking Equipment) launched Nov 2009 – LNE launched Q2 2013

• Lower energy usage means lower operating costs Version 1.0

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Motivation – A Link Perspective • High port count triple

Typical switch with 24 ports 10/100/1000 Mb/s

speed switches – Linear relationship of power consumption to number of active links – Aggregate savings attractive in putting inactive links in LPI

Various computer NICs averaged

• Low port count 10G systems – Idle power savings on a single link attractive

Results from 1st order (rough) measurements – all incremental AC power Version 1.0

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Ethernet Traffic Profiles • Snapshot of a File Server with 1 Gb Ethernet link – Shows time versus utilization (trace from LBNL) utilization = Tw_PHY)

• Low Power Idle (LPI) – PHY powers down during idle periods • During power-down, maintain coefficients and synchronization to allow rapid return to Active state • Wake times for the respective twisted-pair PHYs: – 100BASE-TX: – 1000BASE-T: – 10GBASE-T:

Tw_PHY =2Mbps full-duplex • 2.7 km Nominal Reach

• Rate matching techniques to work with standard 100BASE-X MACs and switches – Key to leveraging Ethernet systems – Reuses carrier sense to hold off the MAC from transmition • Used in PON as well • Clause 4A: Simplified full duplex MAC

• PAF: PME Aggregation Function – Multiple PMDs can be combined in a single logical Ethernet link Version 1.0

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Cu Architecture, Relation to Other Stds OSI REFERENCE MODEL LAYERS

HIGHER LAYERS LLC (LOGICAL LINK CONT ROL) OR OTH ER MAC CLIENT

APPLICATION

OAM (Optional)

PRESENT ATION

MAC CONTROL (Optional)

SESSION

MAC—MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL

TRANSPORT RECONCILIATION

RECONCILIATION

NETWORK MII

DATA LINK

-interface Clause 61 PCS Clause 61 TC

PHYSICAL PH Y

Clause 63 PMA Clause 63 PMD MDI MEDIUM

2BASE-T L link segment MDI MII OAM TC

Version 1.0

= = = =

PME Aggregation Clause 61 PCS Clause 61 TC

-inter face

Based on: ITU-T Rec. G.991.2 ITU-T Rec. G.994.1

MEDIUM DEPENDENT INTERFACE MEDIA INDEPENDENT INTERFACE OPER ATIONS, ADMINISTRAT ION & MAINTENANCE TRANSMISSION CONVERGENCE

MAC-PHY Rate Matching

MII

Clause 62 PMA Clause 62 PMD MDI

References G.993. 1 Based on: T1.424 ITU-T Rec. G .994.1

MEDIUM 10PASS- TS link segment

PCS = PHY = PMA = PMD = PME =

PHYSICAL PHYSICAL PHYSICAL PHYSICAL PHYSICAL

CODING SUBLAYER LAYER DEVI CE MEDIUM ATTACHMENT MEDIUM DEPENDENT MEDIUM ENTITY

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PME Aggregation Model up to 31 optional additional TC clients (blocks above  -interface)

100 Mb/s domain

MAC

MAC MII

MII (optional)

MII (optional)

MAC MII (optional)

MII

PCS

PCS

PCS

MAC-PHY Rate Matching

MAC-PHY Rate Matching

MAC-PHY Rate Matching

PME Aggregation (optional)

PME Aggregation (optional)

PME Aggregation (optional)

Flexible Cross-Connect (optional) Each TC client can be connected to one or more aggregated PME. TC (64/65-octet

 

TC



(64/65-octet

PMA

PMA

PMD

PMD

TC (64/65-octet



PMA PMD

PMD rate domain up to 31 optional additional PME instances

Version 1.0

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PAF: Packets and the Bonded PMDs

PME #1

PME #n

Preamble

Fragmentation Header

Fragmentation Header

Data Frame

Fragment #1

F ragment #n

IPG

Preamble

SFD

IPG

SF D

From MAC Data Frame

FCS

Fragmentation Header

Fragment...

FCS

Fragmentation Header

Fragment...

NOTE—This is one example of how a frame may be fragmented across multiple PMEs.

Version 1.0

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Point-to-Point (P2P) Optical Solutions • Four solutions – – – –

100BASE-LX10: 100M dual fiber 100BASE-BX10: 100M single fiber 1000BASE-LX10: Gigabit dual fiber 1000BASE-LX10: Gigabit single fiber

• Provide for a 10KM reach over SMF – Covers majority Japan & Europe loops (>99%) – Covers majority of business loops in N. America – 1000BASE-LX10 does 550m over MMF also

• Fiber count variety allow for different plant constraints • 100M solutions to allow for lower cost 100M systems sufficient for residential applications • Solutions all leverage successful 100BASE-X and 1000BASE-X PMA, PCS, MACs, switches Version 1.0

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P2P Architectural Philosophy Philosophy for both single and dual fiber 100M • Leverage existing 100BASE-FX silicon. – Volume driven by 100BASE-FX as well as 100BASE-TX

• Introduce new PMD to enable low cost 100M EFM deployment over both single and dual 10km SMF – Consolidates TX, RX industry specs for 100M SMF FDDI, SDH etc.

Philosophy on the dual wavelength architecture • Robust for plants: Eases sensitivities like ORL, air gaps • Would use low cost 1300 & 1550nm FP optics – 1550 FP possible due to spectral width & low data rate • not dispersion limited @ 10km

• Easier for “System-engineers” that just understand power • No scary issues! – like “foreign ingress”…eliminates need for isolators

• In line with the existing Japanese 100M standard (TS1000) Version 1.0

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Point-to-Point (P2P) Optical Solutions OSI REFERENCE MODEL LAYERS

LAN CSMA/CD LAYERS

OSI REF ERENCE MODEL LAYERS

HIGHER LAYERS

HIGHER LAYERS

APPLICAT ION

APPLICAT ION PRESENTATION

LLC (LOGICAL LINK CONTROL) OR OT HER MAC CLIENT

PRESENTATION

SESSION

OAM (OPT IONAL)

SESSION

TRANSPORT

MAC CONTROL (OPTIONAL)

TRANSPORT

NETWORK

MAC—MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL

NETWORK

DATA LINK

LAN CSMA/CD LAYERS

RECONCILIATION

DATA LINK

LLC (LOGIC AL LINK CONTROL) OR OTHER MAC CLIENT OAM (OPT IONAL) MAC CONTROL (OPTIONAL) MAC—MEDIA ACCESS CONT R RECONCILIATION GMII

MII

PHYSICAL

PHYSICAL

PC S

PC S PMA

PHY

PMA

PMD MDI

PMD MDI

MEDIUM

Version 1.0

PHY

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MEDIUM

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1G vs. 100M Similarities and Differences Similarities • Leverage existing silicon: MAC, PCS & PMA • One Fiber: Single vs. dual volume arguments – BER Set at 1e-12 – Extended temp ranges

Differences • Single fiber: Band plan constrained to 1490 nm to allow for CBand overlay – 100M constrained to 1550 to match TTC specification – Single fiber: Dispersion & speed require DFB for 1550nm laser. FP sufficient in 100M case

• Two fiber: Operation over MM fiber Version 1.0

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PON Motivation

Version 1.0

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P2MP Background, Scope & Architecture • P2MP stands for Point-to-Multi-Point – Commonly referred to as EPON or GE-PON

• Uses a frame based control protocol – Called Multi-Point Control Protocol (MPCP) – Allows for registration new ONUs – Controls ONU transmissions via Gates – Mechanism to send status from ONUs – Frames used by 10G-EPON

• Allows for Point-to-Point Emulation (P2PE) • Optional FEC for extended reach Version 1.0

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Logical Model for EPON ONU 1 Splitter

Drop

ONU 2

OLT

Feeder

ONU n Version 1.0

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EPON Downstream Model

Version 1.0

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EPON Upstream Model

Version 1.0

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EPON Architectural Philosophy • • • •

Similar Overall Philosophy to P2P Eliminate unnecessary protocol conversions Simple L1/L2 architectural layering Reuse of Ethernet blocks as much as possible – Including MAC, PCS, PMA wherever possible – Some are stand alone Si like SerDes others are blocks or sub-systems

• Leverage PMA and PMD with other Ethernet port types including BX • Harmonization with GPON on the physical layer as much as possible – Allows for optical sub-systems to be leveraged across both standards Version 1.0

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EPON Technology Options • 1000BASE-PX10 – 10KM reach: Addresses residential markets outside North America – ONU: 1300nm low cost FP optics & PIN receiver – OLT: Low cost PIN receiver

• 1000BASE-PX20 – 20KM reach: Addresses residential markets in North America – ONU: 1300nm DFB for dispersion & PIN receiver – OLT: APD receiver

• Optical and CDR timing considerations – Diverged from GPON to keep cost low – numbers relaxed – With these values GigE parts can either be modified for use with both PON and P2P or simply re-used leveraging P2P volumes

• Wavelength Plan – Diverged from TS100 (1550/1310) to allow for analog video overlay • EFM does not specify/certify apps. Simply doesn’t preclude overlay • Consensus decision was made to stay away from the “C-Band”

– OLT Transmission (downstream) at 1490 rather than 1550 Version 1.0

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MPCP Architectural Model REFERENCE MODEL LAYERS

HIGHER LAYERS

HIGHER LAYERS MAC Client

APPLICATION PRESENTATION SESSION

LAN LAYERS

LAN LAYERS

OSI

OAM (Optional)

MAC Client

MAC Client MAC Client OAM (Optional)

OAM (Optional)

OAM (Optional)

MULTIPOINT MAC CONTROL MAC

MAC

MULTIPOINT MAC CONTROL

MAC

MAC-MEDIA ACCESS CONTROL

TRANSPORT OLT

RECONCILIATION

ONU

RECONCILIATION

NETWORK DATALINK GMII

GMII

PHYSICAL PCS PMA PMD

PCS PMA PMD

PHY

MDI

PHY

MDI PASSIVE OPTICAL MEDIUM

GMII = GIGABIT MEDIA IND EPENDEN T IN TERFACE MDI = MEDIUM DEPENDENT INTERFACE OAM = OPERATION S, ADMINISTR ATION & MAINT ENANCE OLT = OPTICAL LINE T ERMINAL

ONU = OPTICAL NET WORK UNIT PCS = PHYSICAL CODING SUBLAYER PHY = PHYSICAL LAYER D EVICE PMA = PHYSICAL MEDIUM AT TACHMENT PMD = PHYSICAL MEDIUM DEPENDENT

Relationship of Multipoint MAC Control and the OSI protocol stack Version 1.0

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Frame Based Control Architecture • •

Builds on MAC Control Opcodes (similar to PAUSE in Annex 31A) During normal operation – GATE sent by the OLT: Request that the recipient allow transmission of frames at a time, and for a period of time indicated by the parameters. – REPORT sent by the ONU: Notify the recipient of pending transmission requests. Reports are used to send ONU state to OLT • Timestamps for synchronization and ranging • Requests for additional bandwidth

•

For registration of new ONUs – REGISTER_REQ sent by the ONU: Request that the station be recognized by the protocol as participating in a gated transmission procedure. – REGISTER sent by the OLT: Notify the recipient that the station is recognized by the protocol as participating in a gated transmission procedure. – REGISTER_ACK sent by the ONU: Notify the recipient that the station acknowledges participation in a gated transmission procedure.

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EPON MAC Control Sublayer

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EPON ONU Behavior • ONU – Optical Network Unit • ONU synchronization to OLT via timestamps on downstream control frames • ONU waits for discovery gate • ONU performs discovery process which includes – Ranging, Assignment of PHY_Ids & Assignment of BW for the ONU to operate • BW large enough to at least manage the ONU, and for ONU to request more BW

• ONU waits for its grants – ONU frame transmit during these grants – Request for additional bandwidth can be sent in report frames Version 1.0

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EPON OLT Behavior • OLT – Optical Line Terminal • Generates time stamped messages to be used as global time reference • Assigns bandwidth (MPCP allocation) – Generates discovery windows for new ONUs – Assigns individual grant windows to registered ONUs

• Performs ranging operation • Controls ONU registration process Version 1.0

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EPON Discovery Handshake GATE1 {DA= M AC Control, SA= OLT MAC address, content=Grant+Sync Time}

Grant start Discovery window

REGISTER_REQ1 {DA= MAC Control, SA = ONU MAC address, content =Pending grants}

delay

REGISTER1{DA=ONU MAC address, SA= OLT MAC address, content = LLID + Sync Time + echo of pending grants}

GATE2{DA=MACControl, SA=OLT MAC address, content=Grant}

REGISTER_ACK 2 {DA= MAC Control, SA=ONU MAC address, content = echo of LLID + echo of Sync Time}

Discovery handshake completed

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EPON Time-stamping

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EPON Timing • RTT (Round Trip Time) – Compensating for varying ONU distances – During the registration process the OLT ranges the ONU to calculate the distance of a new ONU – OLT uses RTT to adjust the grant times of each ONU accordingly – OLT can also measure RTT of ONU whenever it receives MPCPDUs (control frames). RTT is equal to the difference between OLT time counter value and value in the timestamp field – RTT = TDOWNSTREAM + TUPSTREAM = TRESPONSE – TWAIT

• EPON compatible MACs & PHYs have fixed delay through them – Absolute delay not the main concern – “Jitter” on processing times constrained – Delay variation 10km but 10G Ethernet 10G EPON Video server

L2 switch

OLT passive splitter

VOIP gateway

Version 1.0

AV bridge

ONU

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Evolution of EPON Technology

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10G EPON Driving Access BW WAN / Internet Core

OLT

CPE

ONU GW 10G EPON

• • • • • •

10GBASE-T

10GBASE-T

1:n

AV Bridge L2 SW

Subscribers watch and/or record multiple HDTV streams VOD & interactive gaming require low latency VoIP supplants POTS Internet bandwidth consumption continues to grow 1 Gbps PON (802.3ah) provides ~ Fast Ethernet service to the subscriber 10 Gbps PON (802.3av) will provide ~ Gigabit Ethernet service to the subscriber

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Standard Objectives • Support subscriber access networks using point to multipoint topologies on optical fiber • PHY(s) to have a BER better than or equal to 10-12 at the PHY service interface • Provide physical layer specifications: – PHY for PON, 10 Gbps downstream/1 Gbps upstream, single SM fiber – PHY for PON, 10 Gbps downstream/10 Gbps upstream, single SM fiber

• Define up to 3 optical power budgets that support split ratios of 1:16 and 1:32, and distances of at least 10 and at least 20 km Version 1.0

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NEW AND INTERESTING ETHERNET PROJECTS Version 1.0

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IEEE Std 802.3-2012 • What is this about (scope)? – Revision of mainline Ethernet standard – Published December 28th 2012 • >3600 pages in 6 books (volumes)!

• Why should I be interested? – This document supersedes IEEE Std 802.3-2008, plus the following amendments and corrigendum: • • • • • • • • •

IEEE Std 802.3av-2009 (10G-EPON) IEEE Std 802.3bc-2009 (LLDP) IEEE Std 802.3at-2009 (DTE power enhancements) IEEE Std 802.3-2008/Cor1-2009 IEEE Std 802.3ba-2010 (40 Gb/s and 100 Gb/s Ethernet) IEEE Std 802.3az-2010 (Energy Efficient Ethernet) IEEE Std 802.3bg-2011 (Serial 40 Gb/s Ethernet) IEEE Std 802.3bf-2011 (Time Synchronization Protocol Support) IEEE Std 802.3bd-2011 (MAC Control Frame for Priority-based Flow Control)

• Press release announcing project – http://standards.ieee.org/news/2012/802.3_12.html Version 1.0

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Award Photo from Plenary

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Ethernet 40th Anniversary • Invented 40 years ago this year! • Has become ubiquitous wired networking connectivity of choice • Being honored at several events throughout this year • Most recent was award given to IEEE 802.3 Working Group from Ethernet Technology Summit – http://standards.ieee.org/news/2013/ethernet_ summit.html Version 1.0

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IEEE P802.3bj: 100G CU and BP • What is this about (scope)? – Add 4-lane 100G interfaces for operation over backplane and twinax cables

• Why should I be interested? – This interconnect technology will be used in future higher speeds systems such as those in a datacenter on both the backplane as well as topologies like TOR – FEC technique – EEE will be specified for the new interfaces defined by P802.3bj as well as the Cu interfaces from IEEE Std 802.3ba-2010 as a new option

• Project biographic information and status – Name: IEEE P802.3bj 100 Gb/s Backplane and Copper Cable Task Force – Home: Under IEEE 802.3 Working Group at http://www.ieee802.org/3/bj/ – Status: Working Group ballot Version 1.0

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IEEE P802.3bk: Extended EPON • What is this about (scope)? – Adding additional power budgets for EPON • 1G-EPON supporting a downstream channel insertion loss of 29dB, compatible with PR(X)30 upstream channel insertion loss; • 1G-EPON supporting a split ratio of at least 1:64 at a distance of at least 20 km • 10G-EPON, supporting a split ratio of at least 1:64 at a distance of at least 20 km

• Why should I be interested? – Extends EPON system budgets

• Project biographic information and status – Name: IEEE P802.3bk Extended Ethernet Passive Optical Networks Task Force – Home: Under IEEE 802.3 Working Group at http://www.ieee802.org/3/bk/ – Status: Sponsor ballot. RevCom August agenda Version 1.0

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IEEE P802.3bm: Next Gen 40G and 100G Optics • What is this about (scope)? – Investigating next generation optical PMDs such as 100GBASE-SR4 and shorter reach ~1 km duplex SMF. In addition looking at a retimed interface (CAUI-4) very similar to scale down version of classic CAUI and CFP but operating over 4 lanes. Next generation plug will be based on CFP4/QSFP28 which will support passive CR4 cable, 100GBASE-SR4, and 100GBASE-LR4

• Why should I be interested? – Project is looking at higher density front panel interfaces to support bandwidth growth demand and to reduce cost and power of 40G and 100G optics.

• Project biographic information and status – Name: IEEE P802.3bm Next Generation 40Gb/s and 100Gb/s Optical Ethernet Task Force – Home: Under 802.3 Working Group at http://www.ieee802.org/3/bm/ – Status: Task Force review Version 1.0

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100G SMF Port Density Opportunity Line card illustrations a. 48 ports SFP+ @ 10GbE = 480 Gb/s b. 44 ports QSFP @ 40GbE = 1.76 Tb/s c. 32 ports CXP@ 100GbE= 3.2 Tb/s (MMF only) d. 4 ports CFP @ 100GbE= 400 Gb/s Perceived opportunity @ 100G: • CFP provides lower bandwidth density than10Gb/s • 100Gb/s SMF solutions limited by CFP size • First Gen ICs & Optics require large module size to fit in all components and dissipate power

a

b

c

d

• 10x10G interface requires 40 high speed data pins

Source: 100GbE Electrical Backplane/Cu Cable CFI  

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Multimode Cable Cost/Density Opportunity Example 100GBASE‐SR10 end‐to‐end channel 

Using 12‐fiber cables (common), one  100GBASE‐SR10 link makes 2 appearances  on the panel using 2 MPO connectors

12 x 100GBASE‐SR10, or 24 x “100GBASE‐SR4”

Going from 10Gb/s to 25Gb/s cuts  infrastructure needs by half. All pictures in the slide are courtesy of CommScope

IEEE 802.3 Call For Interest – July 2011 – San Francisco

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IEEE P802.3bn: EPoC • What is this about (scope)? – Developing a standards for Physical Layer Specifications and Management Parameters for Ethernet Passive Optical Networks Protocol over Coax (EPoC)

• Why should I be interested? – In the access space could allow a service provider that already deploys EPON protocol (MPCP) systems to transparently extend operation onto existing cable operator coaxial distribution networks

• Project biographic information and status – – – – Version 1.0

Name: IEEE P802.3bn EPoC PHY Task Force Home: Under 802.3 at http://www.ieee802.org/3/bn Status: Baseline selection Availability of standard: anticipated late 2014 IEEE-SA India Workshop 2013 Plenary IEEE P802.3 Maintenance report – July 2008

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EPoC Overview FTTH ONU

EPoC Optical-Coax Media Converter(CMC) Fiber

Coax

EPON

EPOC

Optical Line Terminal (OLT)

Coax EPOC

802.3ah OAM

EPON DBA

End – End Layers

EPON MPCP

EPON MPCP

Encryption

Encryption

EPON MAC

EPON MAC

EPON Framing

EPON Framing

8b/10b

8b/10b

fiber PX-10/PX-20

OLT Version 1.0

802.3ah OAM

Single P2MP domain

EPON DBA

NNI

Coax Network Unit (CNU)

PX-10/PX-20

EPoC Framing Inner/Outer FEC SDM (Subbands)

EPoC Framing Inner/Outer FEC

coax

EPoC CMC IEEE-SA India Workshop 2013 Plenary IEEE P802.3 Maintenance report – July 2008

L2 MAC

UNI L1 PHY

SDM (Subbands)

CNU Copyright 2013

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IEEE P802.3bp: RTPGE • What is this about (scope)? – Gigabit Ethernet Twisted Pair PHY on less than 4pairs for automotive channels

• Why should I be interested? – Must have to enable standard and next generation (Gigabit) automotive Ethernet by developing a 15m PHY for auto industry

• Key discussion topics in the group – Decision to pursue 1-pair UTP as primary solution – Completing channel and EMC work

• Project biographic information and status

Version 1.0

– Name: IEEE P802.3bp Reduced Twisted Pair PHY Task Force – Home: http://www.ieee802.org/3/RTPGE/index.html – Status: Baseline selection IEEE-SA India Workshop 2013 Plenary IEEE P802.3 Maintenance report – July 2008

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IEEE P802.3bq: 40GBASE-T • What is this about (scope)? – Next generation BASE-T PHY

• Why should I be interested? – Extends the standards roadmap for BASE-T! – Sweet spot for volume DC leaf node connections (servers to switches) as 40G transition occurs – Supports auto-neg for backward compatibility with 10G/1G to enable seamless DC upgrades • Can upgrade switch and servers separately

• Key discussion topics in the group – Reviewing channel models from ISO/IEC and TIA

• Project biographic information and status – Home: http://www.ieee802.org/3/bq/index.html – Status: Baseline selection Version 1.0

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Data Center Topologies • Next Gen BASE-T well suited to cover Server to Switch connections within the row Distance served by NGBASE-T • Within the rack • Neighboring racks, stranded ports • End of row

Distance served by CR4 • Within the rack • Neighboring racks

*source: IEEE 802.3 NGBASET CFI

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IEEE 802.3 DMLT Study Group • What is this about (scope)? – Distinguished low latency Ethernet traffic support

• Why should I be interested? – Extends Ethernet into new markets • Industrial control • Automotive control • See: http://www.ieee802.org/3/minutes/jul12/0712_joint_802d1_ 802d3_close_report.pdf

• Project biographic information and status – Name: IEEE 802.3 Distinguished minimum latency traffic in a converged traffic environment Study Group – Home: http://www.ieee802.org/3/DMLT/index.html – Status: Study Group Version 1.0

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Traffic Classes @ Converged traffic environment

Only one network with guaranteed bandwidth and guaranteed minimum latency for

Control-Data-Traffic and Audio-Video-Streams and do not violate Best-Effort-Traffic *source: IEEE 802.3 DMLT CFI

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IEEE 802.3 400G Study Group • What is this about (scope)? – Next Ethernet rate and associated interfaces for 400G

• Why should I be interested? – Will shape the next higher speed Ethernet project – Great material on drivers, applications, customers, end-customers in this emerging space • http://www.ieee802.org/3/ad_hoc/bwa/BWA_Report.pdf

• Project biographic information and status • Name: IEEE 802.3 400 Gb/s Ethernet Study Group • Home: http://www.ieee802.org/3/400GSG/index.html • Status: Study Group created out of March 2013 plenary Version 1.0

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*source: IEEE 802.3 400G CFI

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IEEE 802.3 4-Pair PoE Study Group (4PPOE) • What is this about (scope)? – 4-Pair: Higher power / higher efficiency delivery • Will also look at enabling PoE over 10GBASE-T links

• Why should I be interested? – Extends the standards roadmap for PoE – Opens up new application spaces and markets for PoE

• Project biographic information and status • Name: IEEE 802.3 4-Pair PoE Study Group • Home: http://www.ieee802.org/3/4PPOE/index.html • Status: Study Group created out of Mar 2013 plenary. Anticipate Task Force out of Nov plenary, Dec SASB

– Press release announcing project • http://standards.ieee.org/news/2013/4pair_poe.html Version 1.0

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4-Pair Power over Ethernet

4-Pair High Power Target Markets

Markets

Typical Power Consumption

Nurse Call Systems - HealthCare

80% market needs >30W (Typically 50W)

Point Of Sale –Retail (POS – credit card readers and printers)

40-50% in 30-60W range

IP Turrets – Banking, financial trade floor phone systems

Typically 45W

Building Management (Lighting Fixtures & Controllers, Access Controllers, etc.)

40-50W

Thin Clients, Virtual Desktop Infrastructure(VDI) terminals (High-end configuration)

~50W

Video Conferencing, Hospitality (e.g.,: PoE powered switches)

Typically 45-60W

IP Security Cameras (Pan,Tilt,Zoom cameras)

30-60W range

Industrial (Brushless and Stepper drives, Motor control units)

>30W

*source: IEEE 802.3 4-Pir PoE CFI

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4-Pair Power over Ethernet

101

4-Pair High Power Market Potential 50.0

45.0

40.0

Ports (in Millions)

35.0

Industrial Automation Point of Sale - Retail

30.0

Hospitality 25.0

IP Security Cameras IP Turrets

20.0 Nurse Call Systems Thin Clients/VDI

15.0

Building Management 10.0

5.0

0.0 2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

Sources: http://www.vdcresearch.com/media/pressRelease.aspx?pressID=1565 IMS Research - Jenalea Howell http://seekingalpha.com/article/101408‐the‐global‐lighting‐market‐by‐the‐numbers‐courtesy‐of‐philips and other research reports Gartner Forecasts, BT Turret, Cisco Partners

*source: IEEE 802.3 4-Pir PoE CFI

2018

IEEE 802.3 1-Pair PoDL Study Group (1PPODL) • What is this about (scope)? – Power delivery for automotive – Other potential applications such as building control / lighting and industrial

• Why should I be interested? – Opens up new application spaces for Ethernet in cars by leveraging RTPGE PHY channel work

• Project biographic information and status • Name: IEEE 802.3 1-Pair Power over Data Lines SG • Home: http://www.ieee802.org/3/1PPODL/index.html • Status: Study Group created out of July 2013 plenary

– Press release announcing project • http://standards.ieee.org/news/2013/ieee_podl_sg.html Version 1.0

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8/2/2013

1PPoDL CFI Proposal

Target Markets Markets Automotive Networking Cars, Trucks, Busses Cameras, Sensors, Infotainment Converged Ethernet Backbone Industrial Networking Factory Automation Replace Legacy Powered non-Ethernet Protocols Railroad/Aircraft High Speed Rail Airframe Communications (Especially Weight Sensitive)

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8/2/2013

1PPoDL CFI Proposal

Automotive Market: Unique Aspects • 100M Automotive Ethernet ports/yr, 25% powered • Newer data suggests these numbers are conservative

• No dynamic configuration – network topology is static • 12V supply vs. 50V for IEEE 802.3 PoE • Automotive supply may eventually reach 48V

Chart data by Bosch from RTPGE CFI

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8/2/2013

1PPoDL CFI Proposal

Why Do This in 802.3? • Same market as Automotive Ethernet • Will require close cooperation with 802.3bp PHY project • 1PPoDL will affect magnetics, cabling decisions • 1PPoDL will help broaden the market for P802.3bp • Automotive industry wants it now • Same group of power experts as 4PPoE

3/12

802.3bp (RTPGE)

7/13

1PPoDL

105

IEEE P802.3.1a: Ethernet MIB Revision • What is this about (scope)? – Revision and update to the Ethernet MIB standard to synchronize with the 802.3 base standard 2012 revision

• Why should I be interested? – Ethernet management – Replaces and makes obsolete the IETF RFCs for Ethernet MIB modules, including Repeater, OAM, EPON, PoE, Etherlike-interface, EFMCu, WIS, MAU – New object identifiers (OIDs) – Syncs up with IEEE Std 802.3-2012

• Project biographic information and status – Name: IEEE P802.3.1 Revision to IEEE Std 802.3.12011 (IEEE 802.3.1a) Ethernet MIBs Task Force – Home: Under 802.3 Working Group at http://www.ieee802.org/3/1/ – Status: Approved at June 2013 SASB. August pub target Version 1.0

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P1904.1: SIEPON •

What is this about (scope)? – To build upon the IEEE 802.3ah (1G-EPON) and IEEE 802.3av (10GEPON) Physical layer and Data Link layer standards and create a systemlevel and network-level standard, thus allowing full “plug-and-play” interoperability of the transport, service, and control planes in a multivendor environment. – The SIEPON main specification is complete and conformance tests are nearing completion (P1904.1/Conformance 01/02/03).

•

Why should I be interested? – Main area of work currently for PON deployers and manufacturers • This standard will lower barriers for telcos and MSOs to deploy FTTx in their networks and will expand the FTTx market beyond China, Japan, and Korea.

•

Key discussion topics in the group – Many key features needed to ensure plug-and-play interoperability, including service configuration, service provisioning, performance requirements, service quality, service survivability, system/device management, conformance test procedures and energy efficiency

•

Project biographic information and status – Name: IEEE P1904.1 Working Group Standard for Service Interoperability in Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (SIEPON) – Home: http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/1904/1/ – Status: Approved. Working on ICAP PARs and Maintenance.

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EPON is a Universal Access Architecture  Deployed by all types of right-of-way holders – Phone network operators – Cable network operators – Power line operators

 Supports all user types – Residential – Business – Wireless backhaul

 All configurations – – – –

SFU MDU/MTU FTTH FTTC/FTTN

 All Data Rates

– 1 Gb/s (.3ah-2004) – 10/1 Gb/s (.3av-2009) – 10/10 Gb/s (.3av-2009)

 One architecture simultaneously supports all user types, all deployment configurations, and all equipment generations on the same network! 22 February 2013

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108

What is SIEPON?  After the approval of the IEEE 802.3ah (1G-EPON) standard, EPON deployments commenced very quickly. –

Various operators developed their own proprietary specifications for higherlayer functions.

 Recently, many EPON-related projects have started in various SDOs without much coordination. – ITU-T SG15 is discussing relevant specifications (OMCI for EPON) – BBF has completed TR-200: Using EPON in context of TR-101 – CableLabs has DOCSIS Provisioning of EPON project (DPoETM)

 In December 2009 IEEE SA and ComSoc started the IEEE P1904.1 Service Interoperability in Ethernet Passive Optical Networks project.  SIEPON is an “umbrella” standard that defines a common reference architecture to ensure that EPON preserves a single ecosystem, as opposed to multiple, nationally-controlled, and fragmented ecosystems. 22 February 2013

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Common Rules and Principles  SIEPON does not need to invent new technology or resolve technical challenges

C D for Req ab O u u le C s ir L SI in e ab S g m s en EP en vi O ts ro N nm in en t

SIEPON Seminar, Tokyo, Japan

pe r G ato r

O

Operator A

rator Ope D

r to ra pe E

22 February 2013

 

O

– Multiple service models – Different provisioning and management concepts – Various deployment scenarios

r to

 The goal of IEEE p1904.1 SIEPON project: Address in a consistent and uniform way the diverse requirements associated with

ra ts en i n pe C m O t re N n ui PO me eq E n R g ro F sin nvi B B ru e fo S L D

 Various architectural features are already debugged, refined, deployed, and field-proven

110

Coordination with Other Groups IEEE P1904.1 has established close and productive relationships with  CableLabs

IEEE 802.3 Ethernet

– DPoE provides requirements for EPON in MSO environments

 Broadband Forum FAN – TR-200 provides EPON Data Path (EDP) requirements – Coordinating activities of WT-287 (optical monitoring) and WT-288 (deployment requirements)

 ITU-T SG15 – Coordinating activities on G.epon

CableLabs DPoE 1.0 DPoE 2.0

IEEE P1904.1 SIEPON

G.epon OMCI

 IEEE 802.3 – Successfully cooperated to allow an increased OAM frame rate – Recently - added support for multicast LLID 22 February 2013

802.3ah 802.3av OAM

ITU-T SG15/Q2

SIEPON Seminar, Tokyo, Japan

TR‐200 WT‐287 WT‐288

BBF FAN

111

 SIEPON covers various features:

MAC Control Client

OAM Client

Service-Specific Functions

OLT and ONU Reference Architecture – – – – –

OLT

Power Saving Trunk and Tree Protection Software Download Authentication IGMP/MLD

802.3 ONU_MDI

1904.1

ONU_LI

ONU_CI

UNI

Service ONU

Line ONU

 SIEPON covers entire

OAMPDU.Request OAM_CTRL.Indication

data path: – – – – – –

Classifier Modifier Policer/Shaper CrossConnect Queues Scheduler

22 February 2013

Operation, Administration, and Management

OAMPDU.Indication

OAM Client

802.3

Alarms

OAM_CTRL.Request

M P M O P H A A C Y C M P

MA_CONTROL.Indication MA_CONTROL.Request

IGMP / MLD

Statistics

SNMP

Provisioning

Power Saving

Authentication

Protection

MAC Control Client

1904.1

Discovery & Registration

Service-Specific Functions

Client ONU

GATE Processing REPORT Generation

MAC Client

ONU

MA_DATA.Request

[O]

[S]

[Q]

[PS] [M] [C] [I] UNI

[X] MA_DATA.Indication

SIEPON Seminar, Tokyo, Japan

[I] [C] [M] [PS]

[Q]

[S]

[O]

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Agenda Overview of Ethernet Ethernet’s 40th Anniversary

Emerging Ethernet Technologies Overview of IoT Next Generation IEEE 802.1 TSN Concluding remarks

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What is IoT? cloud connectivity automation energy intelligence environment

assisted ambient living

M2M

Internet of Things

services

Internet of Everything

medical

infrastructure

Consumer devices

…too many names, acronyms and applications… Version 1.0

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Its About Us • We eat, we do, we want, we live – People consume goods and services – Over time our needs and wants have evolved with technology

• IoT is about making our lives easier by empowering and connecting our technology to allow for intelligent decision making • Application areas, aka “verticals”, are examples of where we see technology and connectivity evolving to do the above

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EXAMPLE VERTICALS

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IoT Themes • • • •

Connectivity Automation Intelligent decision making Devices become extensions / portals Merging our physical and digital identities

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From Science Fiction to Reality Science fiction

Reality

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Future

Present

Past

Time

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Past

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Present

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Future

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What’s Fueling the Evolution • Computational (processing) capability – Capability, cost, energy and form factor making it more attractive

• Communication capability – Capability, diversity in interfaces / media, speed, networking making it more attractive

• Software revolution – Service based applications

• Sensor technology – Capability, cost, diversity and ability to communicate Version 1.0

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Where is IoT?

Applications

SW

Services

IoT

HW Communication

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Its an Ecosystem Hospitals

Office devices

Home

gateway

Datacenters Restaurants

Cloud Core networks

Transport

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Entertainment

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Etc.

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Communication and IoT A few thoughts about communications • The more interfaces available the better • The more diversity available in the media the better – E.g. wired, wireless, optical, copper

• One size does not fit all – Some applications will require lower latency, others higher bandwidth, others strict QoS and others a combination of the above

• Needs – Mechanisms to allow for seamless transition of information over the various interfaces – Mechanisms to find the optimal communication path at any point in time

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Behind the Scenes • We tend to think of IoT from a consumer perspective, often associating it with the revolution in consumer, home and mobile computing • But many of these emerging applications require a strong infrastructure

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Evolving Computing Models: Data Center 10K+ Servers

1960s: Big Iron Mainframes

Uplinks: 10/40GE

100 Tbps Multi-chassis 2010+ “Fabric” : Cloud Computing Mesh: 40/100GE

Blade switch or top-of-rack pizza box

Aggregation Switch Layer 1990s: Decentralized Computing

Moving Back Core In

Switch Layer

Moving Outside

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Managing the Information Challenges and opportunities for the infrastructure • Datacenters have to grow in size and become more nimble • Blending information to address the applications and verticals • Hybrid model of processing between local domains and the cloud • Storage: One size does not fit all! Version 1.0

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Overview

IEEE-SA IOT

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IEEE-SA’s IoT

Wael William Diab Member of the IEEE-SA IoT Steering Committee •

July 2013

IoT concept Enable things to be connected anytime, anyplace, with anything and anyone ideally using any path/ network and any service.

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Focus Areas Paradigm shift in approaching standards – Look at the “challenge” top-down Medical Devices

Initial phase to focus on 3 areas – Medical, M2M and IoE – Focus is answering strategy questions

Machine-to Machine

3 Teams of industry experts are being formed Leadership – Steering Chair: Dennis Brophy

Internet of Energy

– M2M Lead: Wael William Diab – IoE Lead: Oleg Logvinov – Medical Lead: Paul Schluter

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Focus Group Deliverables Goal is to answer questions similar to these to understand where we would like to go – Name of vertical – What exists today in terms of relevant standard – Inside IEE – Outside IEEE – What are the IoT requirements for this vertical – What are the gaps in IEEE to implement those requirements? – What is the vision (plan, timeline, type of documents) to achieve those requirements? – Annex of related material – Who participated in this and from what Sponsor (if applicable)

Contribution driven organization – If you are interested, please join and contribute

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Call to Action and Additional Information Encourage any experts from 802 to join and participate in three focus area teams! – Open to all! – Including non-IEEE / IEEE-SA members – Can join any or all

IEEE IoT M2M Reflector – http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/iot/m2m/reflector.h tml

IEEE IoT page – http://standards.ieee.org/innovate/iot/ – Includes list of IoT related standards including our IEEE Std 802.3

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Agenda Overview of Ethernet Ethernet’s 40th Anniversary

Emerging Ethernet Technologies Overview of IoT Next Generation IEEE 802.1 TSN Concluding remarks

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AVB STANDARDS AVAILABLE AND READY Ethernet and Switching Standards – Published in 2011 & 2012  IEEE 802.1AS • •

Precise Timing and Synchronization – Adding sense of “Time” to Ethernet, with high precision of < 1us Sensor sample time (camera frame), presentation time (lip-sync), time-triggered control, etc.

 IEEE 1722 • •

AV Transport protocol over AVB Adopting existing IEC 61883 A/V and a time-sensitive transport protocol onto Ethernet AVB

 IEEE 802.1Qat • •

End-to-end QoS bandwidth and latency reservations Guaranteed bandwidth in an Ethernet system, provisioning bandwidth in a path

 IEEE 802.1Qav • •

Network bridge, which is Ethernet switch, enhancements Adding bounded latency through Ethernet switched network, of 250 us per hop at 100Mbps, or better

Ethernet

Ethernet AVB Precise Timing

BW Reservation & Admission Ctrl

Ethernet Switch Enhancements

IEEE 802.1 IEEE 802.3 IEEE 1722

A Main Stream augmentation of Ethernet Network to add parameterized QoS and Timing Broadcom Proprietary and Confidential. © 2013 Broadcom Corporation. All rights reserved.

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TIME SENSITIVE NETWORKS TSN is next generation AVB that adds features to support control systems

IEEE 802.1 TSN (Time Sensitive Networks) Task Group  802.1AS Time Synchronization Improvements • • •

One-Step Tolerant Overlapping dual time domains, Universal and Working Clock Redundant Grand Master Clocks

 Seamless Redundancy : Zero packet loss @ single failure • •

Protocol: IS-IS topology discovery and configuration Data plane: Frame replication & elimination, Alternate Path forwarding

 Scheduled Traffic : Low latency, explicit guaranteed latency • • •

Time-aware Scheduler, TAS, e.g. cyclic transmit window Burst Limiting shaper, A minor revision to token-bucket scheduler Frame preemption for limited bandwidth priority traffic (with IEEE 802.3 DMLT SG)

AVB

TSN Time Sync Improvement

Broadcom Proprietary and Confidential. © 2013 Broadcom Corporation. All rights reserved.

Seamless Redundancy

Scheduled Traffic 139

802.1AS Architecture PTP Boundary Clock Time offset Link delay

Master Clock Selection Announce

802.1AS

MAC Specific

MAC Specific Timestamp t1 Timestamp t2 Timestamp t3 Timestamp t4

Ethernet

WiFi

MAC/PHY

MAC/PHY 1 2 .1 80 .11 802 802.11 8 800 2.11 2 .1 1

802.3

Version 1.0

Announce

Presence Request

PTP Packets

Timestamp

802.[3,11,]

Time offset Link delay

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Example Ecosystem Built Around TSN

AUTOMOTIVE ECOSYSTEM

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ETHERNET FOR CAMERA AND MULTIMEDIA

Night vision Back camera

Head Up Display / Cluster Right camera

Parking / Driving assist

Telematics Navigation Head Unit

Display

Display Left camera

Amplifier Front camera TV tuner Broadcom Proprietary and Confidential. © 2013 Broadcom Corporation. All rights reserved.

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Automotive Ethernet protocol stack Applications Grand Master Clock Selection

IEEE802.1 AS Precision time protocol

Streaming Media API

IEEE1722 Layer 2 AVB Transport Protocol

IEEE802.1 Qat Bandwidth Reservation

TCP/IP

IEEE802.1 Qav Shaping

IEEE802.3 Ethernet MAC

OPEN 100M BroadR-Reach ® Ethernet PHY -> 1G IEEE P802.3 RTPGE PHY Version 1.0

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Agenda Overview of Ethernet Ethernet’s 40th Anniversary

Emerging Ethernet Technologies Overview of IoT Next Generation IEEE 802.1 TSN Concluding remarks

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Concluding Remarks •

Ethernet is the ubiquitous wired connectivity – < 0.01m to 1,000s of KMs – 10Mb/s to 10Gb/s – Backplane to fiber (and everything in between)

•

Ethernet is constantly evolving – Expanding its rate-reach – Expanding its scope e.g. EFM, automotive, Green etc. – Projects go through a well defined process

•

Traditional and emerging application spaces demanding BW at lower cost structure – Consumer, enterprise, data center, automotive and access

•

Standardizing on Ethernet enables emerging applications and their requirements at low-cost with legacy support – Strong leverage and convergence of Ethernet – Native powerful and simple layer 2 for access, aggregation, core… – Leverage of growing technologies over Ethernet • EEE, TSN, HSE, MACSec, PoEP, FCoE

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Concluding Remarks • Its an exciting time for IoT • Revolution being fueled by – Processing capability – Communication capability – Software capability

• IoT innovation occurring at the edge and in the cloud • Communication standards will continue to play a key role – IEEE 802 technologies will be an essential part of IoT – IEEE 802.3 provides a ubiquitous family of wired connectivity Version 1.0

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THANK YOU

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Additional EFM Resources •

Ethernet Home Page: www.ieee802.org/3/ –

•

EEE White Paper –

•

All past & present Ethernet projects http://www.broadcom.com/collateral/wp/EEE-WP101-R.pdf

EFM White Paper by Diab, Frazier, Pesavento http://www.ethernetalliance.org/technology/white_papers/ethernets olutions.pdf

•

Ethernet in the First Mile: Access for Everyone – Book on EFM by Diab, Frazier http://shop.ieee.org/ Product = STDSP1144 http://standards.ieee.org/standardspress/titles/ethfirstmile.html http://www.amazon.com/Ethernet-First-Mile-AccessEveryone/dp/0738148385/sr=111/qid=1167213945/ref=sr_11_1/104-1448287-5375156

•

Download published Ethernet standards –

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ADDITIONAL EEE MATERIALS & RESOURCES  EEE White Paper

 http://www.broadcom.com/collateral/wp/EEE-WP102-R.pdf

 Wikibon Whitepaper

 Networks Go GrEEn http://wikibon.org/wiki/v/Networks_Go_GrEEN

 EEE Web Areas

 IEEE P802.3az Web Area http://www.ieee802.org/3/az  Broadcom EEE area: http://www.broadcom.com/products/features/energy_efficient_network.php

 Broadcom wins 2010 Best Electronic Design Award for its broad and extensive new portfolio of EEE products

 ED Award (under Communications – Wired Category) http://electronicdesign.com/article/news/Electronic-Design-Announces-2010-BestElectronic-Design-Award-Winners.aspx  ED Article that was the basis of the award http://electronicdesign.com/article/communications/IEEE-And-Broadcom-BringForth-Energy-Efficient-Ethernet.aspx  Broadcom press release on the award http://www.broadcom.com/press/release.php?id=s542639

 TechAmerica 2011 Innovator Award

 http://www.broadcom.com/press/release.php?id=s614065

 Computerworld Honors 2012 Laureate

 http://blog.broadcom.com/green-technology/broadcom-recognized-as-2012computerworld-honors-laureate/ 150

Broadcom WINs EEE Awards! Broadcom wins 2010 Best Electronic Design Award for its broad and extensive new portfolio of EEE products. Broadcom engineer recognized for leadership • ED Award (under Communications – Wired Category): http://electronicdesign.com/article/news/Electronic-Design-Announces2010-Best-Electronic-Design-Award-Winners.aspx • ED Article that was the basis of the award: http://electronicdesign.com/article/communications/IEEE-And-BroadcomBring-Forth-Energy-Efficient-Ethernet.aspx • Broadcom press release on the award: http://www.broadcom.com/press/release.php?id=s542639 •

Broadcom Engineer wins TechAmerica’s David Packard innovation award in the Green Tech / Smart Grid category for driving Broadcom’s EEN portfolio http://www.broadcom.com/press/release.php?id=s614065 Version 1.0

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INDUSTRY RECOGNITION 2010 Best Electronic Design

2011 Innovator of the Year

2012 Laureate

Electronic Design EEE Portfolio

TechAmerica Green Tech

Computerworld Environment

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BROADCOM’S AWARD WINNING PORTFOLIO  Industry’s broadest and most extensive portfolio of EEEbased products  Broadcom’s EEN technology innovating on top of EEE  Over 30 products / product series / product families  Extensive speed coverage  100M through 1G and 10G products

 Diverse devices and applications  Physical layer devices, switches and controllers  SMB, Enterprise, Datacenter etc.

 For a full list, please see http://www.broadcom.com/products/features/energy_effi cient_network.php

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