Chin Med Sci J March 2015

Vol. 30, No. 1 P. 51-55

CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Effects of Sunitinib Malate on Growth of Human Bladder Transitional Cell Line T24 In Vitro△ Jin Wen1, Han-zhong Li1*, Zhi-gang Ji1, and Jing Jin2 1

Department of Urology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China 2

Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China

Key words: sunitinib; bladder cancer; proliferation Objective To investigate the growth-inhibitory effect of sunitinib malate on human bladder transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) in vitro. Methods Human bladder TCC cell line T24 was cultured and exposed to graded concentrations of sunitinib malate for 72 hours in vitro to determine the sensitivities to drug. Cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Cell apoptotic morphology was observed by fluorescence microscope following DAPI staining. Band expressions of Fas, Fas ligand, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) and β-actin were analyzed by Western blot. Wound healing process of T24 cells exposed to sunitinib malate was assayed. Results Sunitinib malate exerted a concentration-dependent and time-dependent inhibitory effect on the T24 cell lines. Fluorescence microscopy showed that small vacuoles appeared in the nuclei of T24 cells and the vacuoles were bigger with higher drug concentrations. The expressions of Fas ligand and PARP in T24 cells treated with sunitinib malate exhibited a concentration-dependent increase. Moreover sunitinib malate suppressed the wound healing process in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion Sunitinib malate exerted marked inhibitory activity against bladder cancer cell line T24.

Chin Med Sci J 2015; 30(1):51-55

R

ADICAL cystectomy remains the standard therapy

surgery. Although bladder TCC is relatively sensitive to

for invasive bladder transitional cell carcinoma

gemcitabine and cisplatin (GC), the response rates of these

(TCC). However, the disease recurs in up to

regimens are no more than 50%. More effective treatments

50% of patients and is potentially lethal despite

for metastatic and advanced bladder TCC need to be found.

Received for publication June 18, 2014. △Supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7102128). *Corresponding author Tel: 86-10-69156073, E-mail: [email protected]

Sunitinib malate is a multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) that acts on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors 1, 2, and 3, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), stem cell factor receptor (KIT), and

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CHINESE MEDICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL

March 2015

FMS-like tyrosine kinase-3 receptor (FLT3). Its antitumor

protein assay. An equal amount of protein was separated

activity has been demonstrated in other cancers, such as

using 10% and 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide

renal cell carcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor,

gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and transferred to nitrocellulose

non-small-cell lung cancer, and colorectal cancer.1-5 In this

membranes (Amersham, Bucks, UK). β-Actin was used as an

study, we examined the antitumor effect of sunitinib

internal positive control. The primary antibodies included Fas,

malate on T24 cell line in vitro.

Fas ligand (FasL), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and β-actin (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Signals were visualized using an enhanced chemilumines-

MATERIALS AND METHODS

cence system (Amersham).

Cell culture Human bladder transitional cell cancer cell line T24 was

Wound healing assay

obtained from the Cell Culture Center of the Institute of

T24 cells were seeded at a density of 1×105/well in 24 well

Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical

plates and cultured for 24 hours. Monolayers were wounded

Sciences. The T24 cell line was maintained in DMEM/F12

using the tip of a pipette, washed by phosphate buffer saline

medium (GIBCO, Grand Island, NY, USA) with 10%

and further incubated in DMEM/F12 medium with 1% fetal

heat-inactivated newborn calf serum at 37°C in 5% CO2.

bovine serum in the absence or presence of sunitinib malate of 0.5, 1.5, and 4.5 μmol/L. Images were acquired via a phasecontrast microscope and the wound width was measured.

Cell viability measurement by MTT assay Cells were seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 2×103/well. And 24 hours later, triplicate wells were treated

Statistical analysis

with media mixed test agents (sunitinib malate or cisplatin) at

Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 19.0

concentrations of 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 20.0 μmol/L

statistical package (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA). All the data

respectively. Sunitinib malate and cisplatin were purchased

were expressed as mean±standard deviation (SD) and

from Pfizer Inc. (USA). After incubation for 72 hours at 37˚C

statistically analyzed by paired t-test. P