Ecological and evolutionary dynamics of disease in natural populations

Guha Dharmarajan CURRICULUM VITAE PROFESSIONAL INTERESTS Ecological and evolutionary dynamics of disease in natural populations PROFESSIONAL POSITIO...
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Guha Dharmarajan CURRICULUM VITAE

PROFESSIONAL INTERESTS

Ecological and evolutionary dynamics of disease in natural populations PROFESSIONAL POSITIONS

Ramanujan Fellow (Sept. 2012 - Present): Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata, Nadia, West Bengal, India. Phone: 91-9002294094; Emails: [email protected], [email protected] Post-doctoral Visiting Fellow (Feb. 2011- July. 2012): Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, USA. Post-doctoral Research Associate and Member of the Graduate Faculty (Sept. 2008 - Jan. 2011): Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA. EDUCATION

Ph.D. 2008. Population genetics, Purdue University, Indiana, USA. Dissertation: Of genes and ticks: the population genetics of two species of ticks (Dermacentor variabilis and Ixodes texanus) parasitizing a wildlife host, the raccoon (Procyon lotor). M.V.Sc. 2000. Wildlife Science, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Science University, Tamil Nadu, India. Thesis: Epidemiology of helminth parasites in wild and domestic herbivores at the Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Nilagiris, Tamil Nadu. B.V.Sc. 1997. Veterinary Science. Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Science University. HONORS AND AWARDS

Ramanujan Fellowship (Sept. 2012-2017): Dept. of Science and Technology, Govt. of India. Post-doctoral Visiting Fellow Award (Jan. 2011- 2013): National Institutes of Health, USA. Kirkpatrick Memorial Graduate Student Award (April 2008): Purdue University, USA. Bilsland Dissertation Completion Grant (Aug. 2007-Feb. 2008): Purdue University, USA. Outstanding Graduate Teaching Assistant (April 2007): Purdue University, USA. Frederick N. Andrews Doctoral Fellowship (Aug. 2002-2006): Purdue University, USA. Envirovet Scholarship (June-July 2001): University of Illinois, urbana-Champaign, USA. Animal Welfare Scholarship (May-Aug. 2000): Social Justice and Empowerment, Govt. of India. Postgraduate Merit Scholarship (August 1997-1999): Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Science University. Undergraduate Scholarship (Aug 1991-1997): Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Govt. of India.

PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES

Member, Editorial Board, Journal of Genetics; (December 2012-Present). Veterinary representative Institute Animal Ethics Committee, IISER-Kolkata (September 2012- Present) Nominated Veterinarian, Laboratory Animal Facility, IISER-Kolkata. Member, Graduate Faculty, Purdue University; Nominated: November, 2008 Member, PhD Advisory Committee: Zach Olson, Purdue University (Defended November 2010). Professional societies: Tamil Nadu Veterinary Council, Mid-Atlantic Mosquito Control Association, Virginia Mosquito Control Association. Reviewer: Animal Conservation, Current Science, Genetica, Infection Genetics and Evolution, Journal of Genetics, Journal of Wildlife Management, Molecular Ecology and Molecular Ecology Resources. PEER REVIEWED ARTICLES [* indicates corresponding author]

Dharmarajan G* (2015) Inbreeding in stochastic subdivided mating systems: The genetic consequences of host spatial structure, aggregated transmission dynamics and life history characteristics in parasite populations. Journal of Genetics IN PRESS Beasley JC*, Dharmarajan G, and Rhodes OE Jr. (2015) Melding kin structure and demography to elucidate source and sink habitats in fragmented landscapes. Ecosphere IN PRESS Dharmarajan G*, Beasley JC, Fike JA and Rhodes OE Jr. (2014) The effects of landscape, demographic and behavioral factors on kin-structure: Testing ecological predictions in a mesopredator with high dispersal capability. Animal Conservation 17: 235-234. Tan CG*, Dharmarajan G, Beasley JC, Rhodes OE Jr., Moore GE, Wu CC, Lin TL (2014) Neglected leptospirosis in raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Indiana, USA. Veterinary Quarterly 34:1-10. Beasley JC*, Olson ZH, Beatty WS, Dharmarajan G and Rhodes OE Jr. (2013) Effects of culling on mesopredator population dynamics. Plos One 8:e58982 Dharmarajan G, Beatty WS and Rhodes OE Jr.* (2013) Heterozygote deficits caused by a Wahlund effect: dispelling unfounded expectations. Journal of Wildlife Management 77: 226–234 Dharmarajan G*, Beasley JC, Fike JA, Raizman EA, Wu CC, Pogranichniy RM and Rhodes OE Jr. (2012) Effects of kin-structure on disease dynamics in raccoons (Procyon lotor) inhabiting a fragmented landscape. Basic and Applied Ecology 13: 560-567. Beatty WS*, Beasley JC, Dharmarajan G and Rhodes OE Jr. (2012) Genetic structure of a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana) population inhabiting a fragmented agricultural ecosystem. Canadian Journal of Zoology 90: 101-109. Beasley JC*, Olson ZH, Dharmarajan G, Eagan TS and Rhodes OE Jr. (2011) Spatio-temporal variation in the demographic attributes of a generalist mesopredator. Landscape Ecology 26: 937950. MacNeil JE*, Dharmarajan G and Williams RN (2011) A code generator for use of Visible Implant Elastomers. Herpetological Conservation and Biology 6: 260-265. Dharmarajan G*, Beasley JC and Rhodes OE Jr. (2010) Heterozygote deficiencies in parasite component populations: An evaluation of interrelated hypotheses in the raccoon tick, Ixodes texanus. Heredity 106: 253-260.

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Dharmarajan G*, Beasley JC and Rhodes OE Jr. (2010) Spatial and temporal factors affecting parasite genotypes encountered by hosts: Empirical data from American dog ticks (Dermacentor variabilis) parasitizing a wildlife host. International Journal for Parasitology 7: 787-795. Dharmarajan G* and Rhodes OE Jr. (2010) Evaluating levels of PCR efficiency and genotyping error in DNA extracted from engorged and non-engorged female ticks. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 25: 109-112. Dharmarajan G*, Beasley JC, Fike JA, Rhodes OE Jr. (2009) Population genetic structure of raccoons (Procyon lotor) inhabiting a highly fragmented landscape. Canadian Journal of Zoology 87: 814-824. Dharmarajan G*, Fike JA, Beasley JC, Rhodes OE Jr. (2009) Development and characterization of 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the American dog tick (Dermacentor variabilis). Molecular Ecology Resources 9: 131-133. Dharmarajan G*, Fike JA, Beasley JC, Rhodes OE Jr. (2009) Development and characterization of 14 polymorphic microsatellite loci in the raccoon tick (Ixodes texanus). Molecular Ecology Resources 9: 296-298. Raizman EA*, Dharmarajan G, Beasley JC, Wu CC, Pogranichniy RM and Rhodes OE Jr. (2009) Serologic survey for selected infectious diseases in raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Indiana, USA. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 45: 531-536. Anderson SJ*, Fike JA, Dharmarajan G, Rhodes OE Jr. (2007) Characterization of 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci for eastern chipmunks (Tamias striatus). Molecular Ecology Notes 7: 513-515. Barr KR*, Dharmarajan G, Rhodes OE Jr., Lance RL, Leberg PL (2007) Novel microsatellite loci for the study of the black-capped vireo (Vireo atricapillus). Molecular Ecology Notes 7: 1067-1069. Fike JA*, Drauch AM, Beasley JC, Dharmarajan G, Rhodes OE Jr. (2007) Development of 14 multiplexed microsatellite loci for raccoons Procyon lotor. Molecular Ecology Notes 7: 525-527. Latch EK*, Dharmarajan G, Glaubitz JC, Rhodes OE Jr. (2006) Relative performance of Bayesian clustering software for inferring population substructure and individual assignment at low levels of population differentiation. Conservation Genetics 7: 295-302. Beheler AS*, Fike JA, Dharmarajan G, Rhodes OE Jr., Serfass TL (2005) Ten new polymorphic microsatellite loci for North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) and their utility in related mustelids. Molecular Ecology Notes 5: 602-604. Dharmarajan G*, Raman M, John MC (2005) Effect of season on helminth loads of wild herbivores and cattle in the Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary. Zoos' Print Journal 20: 1766-1769. Dharmarajan G*, Raman M, John MC (2004) Are worms affected by host ecology? A perspective from Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, southern India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 101: 399-402. Dharmarajan G*, Raman M, John MC (2003) The effects of cattle grazing and habitat on helminth loads of chital (Axis axis) in the Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, southern India. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 100: 58-64. Dharmarajan G*, Raman M, John MC (2003) Effect of cattle and habitat on helminth community structure of chital. Indian Veterinary Journal 80: 984-987. Nambi AP*, Jayathangaraj MG, Thirunavakarasu PS, Raman M, Dharmarajan G (1989) Strongyloidosis in a bonnet macaque (Macaca radiata)- A case report. Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine 13: 64-65.

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ARTICLES IN REVIEW/PREPARATION

Gupta P, Vijayan RR, Ramakrishnan U and Dharmarajan G* (SUBMITTED) Ecological and evolutionary, not landscape, factors impact avian malaria risk in a tropical sky-island bird community. Dharmarajan G*, Beasley JC, Beatty WS, Olson ZH, Fike JA and Rhodes OE Jr. (SUBMITTED) Genetic co-structuring in host-parasite systems: Empirical data from raccoons (Procyon lotor) and raccoon ticks (Ixodes texanus). Dharmarajan G, Dieter K and Lehmann T (IN PREP.) Are mosquitoes in disease “hot-spots” more efficient vectors? Sarkissian CA, Campbell SK, Dharmarajan G, Jacquot J, Page KL and Graham DH (IN PREP.) Microgeographic population genetic structure of Baylisascaris procyonis (Nematoda: Ascaroidae) in Western Michigan indicates the Grand River is a barrier to gene flow. REPORTS AND POPULAR ARTICLES

Sukumar R, Venkatraman A, Cheeran J, Mujumdar PP, Baskaran N, Dharmarajan G, Roy M, Madhivanan A, Suresh HS, Narendran K (2003) A study of elephants in Buxa Tiger Reserve and adjoining areas of Northern West Bengal and preparation of a conservation action plan. Submitted to West Bengal Forest Department Dharmarajan G. Jazz and Conservation. Rock Street Journal, November 2001. Dharmarajan G. Wildlife health: are we missing the forest for the trees? Sanctuary, October, 2001. Dharmarajan G. Editorial: The good earth, Part II. The Statesman, July 17, 2001. Dharmarajan G. Editorial: The good earth, Part I. The Statesman, July 16, 2001. PRESENTATIONS AND INVITED TALKS

Date

Meeting/Venue

Type

Dec. 2014 Sept. 2014 May 2014

University of Georgia, Savannah River Ecology Lab, USA Bhartidasan University, Tamil Nadu North-East Student's Summer Training on Basic Science. Bose Institute, Darjeeling. Foundations of Evolutionary Theory: The Ongoing Synthesis. Indian Academy of Sciences Discussion Meeting. Orange County, Coorg. Genetics and Evolution School, National Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore Young Investigators Meet, Hyderabad Young Ecologists Talk and Interact, Lumami, Nagaland

Invited talk Invited e-talk Invited talk & workshop Invited participant

Feb. 2014

Feb. 2014 Feb. 2014 Dec. 2013 Sep. 2013 Jan. 2013 Feb. 2012 Guha Dharmarajan

Student Conference on Conservation Science, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Bhartidasan University, Tamil Nadu Mid-Atlantic Mosquito Control Association, Gettysburg, PA Curriculum Vitae – February 2015

Invited talk Poster Invited talk & workshop Invited talk & workshop Invited e-talk Invited talk 4 of 7

Date

Meeting/Venue

Type

Dec. 2011

American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Philadelphia, PA Dept. of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL The Wildlife Society, Indiana Chapter, Tere Haute, IN Graduate student seminar, Dept. of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University (FNR). Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun, Uttarakhand Research Symposium, FNR Research Symposium, FNR 65th Annual Midwest Fish and Wildlife Conference, Indianapolis, IN. The Wildlife Society, West Lafayette, IN Research Symposium, FNR Veterinary Workshop on Management of Rare and Endangered Wild Animals. Trivandrum, Kerala. XII National Conference of Veterinary Parasitology, Tirupathi, Andhra Pradesh Indian Society for Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Med., Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.

Poster

Sept. 2010 Mar. 2010 Dec. 2008 May 2008 Apr. 2006 Apr. 2005 Dec. 2004 Feb. 2004 Apr. 2003 Apr. 2002 Aug. 2001 Dec. 2000

Invited talk Oral Invited talk Invited talk Poster Poster Oral Invited talk Poster Invited talk Oral Oral

RESEARCH AND ANALYTICAL SKILLS

PROGRAMMING: Individual-based/stochastic simulation, branching Markov processes, statistical testing using Monte-Carol simulations/permutation tests in C++ and R. GENETICS: Major techniques related to genetic data collection (e.g. DNA extraction, PCR, genotyping, sequencing, molecular cloning, and novel marker identification and primer design, single/multiplex primer optimization) and analyses (e.g. hierarchical population and landscape genetics, relatedness/parentage analysis, individual identification/assignment methods, bottleneck/effective population size estimation etc.) ECOLOGY: Major techniques related collection and analyses of demographic, movement/ranging (radiotelemetry; VHS/GPS collars), census/density estimation (e.g. capture-mark-recapture, line/plot census methods), vegetation survey (e.g. feeding trails/vegetation plots), human-wildlife conflict (e.g. crop-depredation) data. GIS and landscape ecology techniques. EPIDEMIOLOGY/PARASITOLOGY: Major techniques related to data collection (e.g. ante-/post-mortem parasite collection, serological techniques (FAT, ELISA etc.), parasitology (parasite identification, coprological examination, and larval culture) and analyses (e.g. non-parametric and parametric statistics including modeling of exposure risk, regression, Generalized Linear models and Generalized Estimating Equations etc.) and spatial epidemiological techniques. VETERINARY MEDICINE: Basic anatomy/physiology and biochemistry (predominantly related to domestic animals), capture/immobilization of wildlife, clinical medicine/surgical intervention, ante-/post-mortem examination, prevention/control of disease. Guha Dharmarajan

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RESEARCH EXPERIENCE

RAMANUJAN FELLOW (September 2012-Present): Department of Biological Sciences, IISER-Kolkata. Research – My research at IISER-Kolkata has been predominantly on the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of disease in natural populations. I have initiated a project on understanding how climate change and habitat fragmentation impact the dynamics of avian malaria in sky-island bird communities in the Western Ghats. I have also initiated two major theoretical projects on understanding evolutionary dynamics of disease. I am also in the process of setting up a fully functional mosquito insectary to study vector-parasite co-evolutionary dynamics. POST-DOCTORAL VISITING FELLOW (February 2011- July 2012). Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, NIAID, NIH. Main research focused on the evolution of resistance and tolerance to Dirofilaria immitis infections in the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus), with a special focus on reproduction/longevity tradeoffs. POSTDOCTORAL RESEARCH ASSOCIATE (September 2008 to January 2011). Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. Worked on empirical and theoretical aspects of population/parasite genetics. DOCTORAL FELLOW, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. (August 2002-August 2008). During the fellowship periods carried out research on population genetics of two tick species (Dermacentor variabilis and Ixodes texanus). COURSE PARTICIPANT, “EnviroVet Summer Training Institute”, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA (June 14- July 26, 2002). Training at Florida and Kenya in ecosystem health in developed and developing country contexts. RESEARCH ASSISTANT, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India (September 2000- April 2002). Studied elephant ecology in the highly fragmented habitats of North Bengal, India, and helped prepare a conservation action plan for this region. TRAINEE, South Africa National Parks, Pretoria, South Africa and Kenya Wildlife Service, Nairobi, Kenya (May 28-August 5 and August 6-19, 2000 respectively). Training with sponsorship from Government of India, in techniques related to wildlife management and health at various protected areas in South Africa (Kruger, Hhluwi-Umfolozi, and Richtersveld National Parks) and Kenya (Nairobi and Tsavo East National Parks). COURSE PARTICIPANT, “Wildlife Capture Course", Price Forbes Chair in Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa (May 19-27, 2000). Training at Kruger National Park, South Africa, in chemical and physical restraint of wildlife. INTERN, Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Madras, India (August 1998- February 1999). Training in techniques related to captive wildlife management and health. INTERN, Nammakkal Veterinary College and Hosur Livestock and Agricultural Farm, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madras, India (January 1997- July 1997). Training in clinical medicine and farm management.

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TEACHING EXPERIENCE

RAMANUJAN FELLOW (September 2012-Present): Department of Biological Sciences, IISER-Kolkata. Research –Voted Most Friendly Teacher and Most Energetic/Exciting Teacher by students of DBS, IISER-Kolkata (Sept. 5th, 2013). Overall instructor rating based on anonymous student surveys: i. Biology Laboratory I (Autumn 2014) : 3.24 on 4 (113 feedbacks) ii. Evolutionary & Organismal Biology Practicals (Spring 2014) : 3.64 on 4 (51 feedbacks) iii. Evolutionary Biology (Spring 2014) : 3.49 on 4 (48 feedbacks) iv. Principles of Ecology & Conservation (Autumn 2013; 3rd yr) : 3.60 on 4 (66 feedbacks) v. Principles of Ecology and Conservation (Autumn 2013; 4th yr) : 3.45 on 4 (26 feedbacks) vi. Research Methodology in Biology (Autumn 2013) : 3.29 on 4 ( 8 feedbacks) vii. Evolutionary & Organismal Biology Practicals (Spring 2013) : 3.38 on 4 (87 feedbacks) INSTRUCTOR, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA (August-December 2010). Taught Wildlife in America (FNR 240); an introductory undergraduate course (123 students). Overall instructor rating based on anonymous student surveys: 94% (4.7 on 5; 78 students). TEACHING ASSISTANT, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA (Fall 2004, 2005 and 2006). Taught the Laboratory in Ecology and Systematics of Mammals and Fishes (FNR 242). Developed new curricular material and was awarded the Outstanding Graduate Teaching Assistant in 2007. ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITY

Convenor, Frontiers in Modern Biology, IISER-Kolkata (November 9-10, 2013) Convenor, DST-funded National Symposium on the Biological Effects of EMF Radiation, IISER-Kolkata (October 17, 2013) Organized and lead a workshop for novel microsatellite loci development; Purdue University (June, 2005). During the workshop microsatellite loci were identified for 7 non-model organisms. Member Organizing Committee, Workshop on chemical capture of elephants; Buxa Tiger Reserve, West Bengal, India (January 14–16, 2001). REFERENCES

PROF. OLIN E. RHODES, JR., Professor and Director, Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA. Phone: 1-803-725-8191; Email: [email protected] DR. TOVI LEHMANN, Facility Chief, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, 20852, USA. Phone: 1-301-451-1059; Email: [email protected] PROF. RAMAN SUKUMAR, Professor, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560 012 India. Phone: 91-80-2293-3102; Email: [email protected] Guha Dharmarajan

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