Dystonia and Dystonic Syndromes

Petr Kanovsky • Kailash P. Bhatia Raymond L. Rosales Editors

Dystonia and Dystonic Syndromes

Editors Petr Kanovsky Department of Neurology Palacky University Medical School University Hospital Olomouc Olomouc Czech Republic

Raymond L. Rosales Department of Neurology and Psychiatry The Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas Manila Philippines

Kailash P. Bhatia Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders University College London Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom

ISBN 978-3-7091-1515-2 ISBN 978-3-7091-1516-9 DOI 10.1007/978-3-7091-1516-9

(eBook)

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Contents

Part I 1

Pathophysiology and Nosology of Dystonia

Dystonia: The Syndrome, Its Term, Concept and Their Evolution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Petr Kanovsky, Raymond L. Rosales, and Kailash P. Bhatia

3

2

Physiology of Dystonia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Giovanni Abbruzzese, Elisa Pelosin, and Laura Avanzino

13

3

Genetics of Dystonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ana Westenberger and Christine Klein

27

4

Nosology and Classification of Dystonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ana Claudia Saraiva Ribeiro and Kailash P. Bhatia

49

5

Secondary Dystonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Petr Kanovsky, Dirk Dressler, and Kateřina Menšíková

61

6

Dystonia–Parkinsonism Syndromes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ericka Samantha A. Teleg and Raymond L. Rosales

75

7

Dystonia in Multiple System Atrophy, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, and Corticobasal Degeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . Luca Marsili and Carlo Colosimo

8

Functional (Psychogenic) Dystonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Antonella Macerollo and Mark J. Edwards

Part II 9

10

89 101

Treatment of Dystonia

Traditional Pharmacotherapeutic Approaches to Dystonia: Mode of Action of Currently Used Drugs for the Treatment of Dystonia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tarannum S. Khan and Hubert H. Fernandez Botulinum Toxin Therapy of Dystonia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dirk Dressler and Petr Kanovsky

117 127

v

vi

11

Contents

Long-Term Treatment of Focal Dystonias (Cervical and Writer’s Cramp): Clinical and Quality of Life Impact. . . . . . . . Martin Bareš, Marek Baláž, and Pavel Filip

151

12

Surgical Treatment of Dystonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jürgen Voges

165

13

Pathophysiology of Dystonia: Models and Mechanisms . . . . . . . . . . Claudia M. Hendrix and Jerrold L. Vitek

187

14

Neurorehabilitation in Dystonia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jorge Hernandez Franco and Raymond L. Rosales

209

15

Dystonia in Art: The Impact of Psychiatric and Neurological Disease on the Work of the Sculptor F. X. Messerschmidt. . . . . . . . . Michal Maršálek

227

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

245

Contributors

Giovanni Abbruzzese Section of Neurology, DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Laura Avanzino Section of Human Physiology, DIMES, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Marek Baláž 1st Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Masaryk University Medical School, Brno, Czech Republic Multimodal and Functional Imaging Research Group, CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Martin Bareš 1st Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Masaryk University Medical School, Brno, Czech Republic Kailash P. Bhatia Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK Carlo Colosimo Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy Dirk Dressler Movement Disorders Section, Department of Neurology, Hanover University Medical School, Hannover, Germany Mark J. Edwards Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK Hubert Fernandez Movement Disorders Program, Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA

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Contributors

Pavel Filip 1st Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, St. Anne’s University Hospital, Masaryk University Medical School, Brno, Czech Republic Behavioural and Social Neuroscience Research Group, CEITEC – Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic Jorge Hernandez Franco Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Mexico City, Mexico Claudia M. Hendrix Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Petr Kanovsky Department of Neurology, Palacky University Medical School, Olomouc, Czech Republic Tarannum S. Khan Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Program, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, FL, USA Christine Klein Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, Germany Antonella Macerollo Sobell Department of Motor Neuroscience and Movement Disorders, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK Michal Maršálek National Psychiatric Hospital Bohnice, Prague, Czech Republic Department of Psychiatry, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Luca Marsili Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy Kateřina Menšíková Department of Neurology, Palacky University Medical School, Olomouc, Czech Republic Elisa Pelosin Section of Neurology, DINOGMI, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Ana Claudia Saraiva Ribeiro Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitǎrio de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal Raymond L. Rosales Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, The Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines Erica Samantha A. Teleg Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, The Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines

Contributors

Jerrold L. Vitek Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA Jürgen Voges Department of Neurosurgery, Otto von Guericke University Medical School, Magdeburg, Germany Ana Westenberger Department of Neurology, University of Lübeck Medical School, Lübeck, Germany

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