Drugs and Alcohol CHAPTER 9 (Understanding Drugs and Medicines) Drugs: any substance that causes a _________________ in a person’s _______________________ or ________________________ state Some drugs are _______________ . . . A drug that is used to ________________, ____________________, or treat illness or discomfort FDA:

THE PATH TO ADDICTION

1.) Drug Use: 2.) Tolerance: develops after __________________ drug use; use finds that it takes ____________ of a drug to feel the same effect 3.) Dependence: user becomes __________________ and has ______________________ when trying to stop Physical Dependence – Psychological Dependence 4.) Addiction:

Withdrawal: uncomfortable physical and psychological __________________ produced when a physically dependent drug user ____________ using drugs QUICK REVIEW 1.) What is tolerance? 2.) What is the difference between physical dependence and psychological dependence?

3.) What are the stages in the path to addiction?

CHAPTER 10 (Alcohol) Alcohol: Why is alcohol a drug?

It is illegal for people under the age of _______ to drink. Zero Tolerance:

What is the number one cause of death among teens?

Organizations that are fighting against driving while intoxicated: 1.) 2.) Short-Term effects of alcohol are dependent upon the following factors: 1.) _______________ of alcohol consumed 2.) Amount of ____________ in a person’s stomach 3.) 4.) _________________ a person may be taking 5.) **When alcohol is consumed, _______________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ SHORT-Term effects of alcohol: 1.) 2.) Makes the _______________ and ________________ work harder 3.) 4.) Makes body __________ heat 5.) Causes _______________ 6.) Loss of ___________________ and self-control

7.) 8.) Death LONG-Term effects of alcohol: 1.) _______________________ damage to the body - ______________ heart, high _______________, and ________________________ heartbeat 2.) 3.) __________________________ - shrunken brain and dead brain cells Alcohol Abuse:

Alcoholism: _______________ that causes a person to lose control of his or her ________________________ Binge Drinking:

THE PATH TO ALCOHOLISM

Risk Factors for Alcoholism: 1.) 2.) 3.) _________________ - alcoholism tends to run in families

Warning Signs of Alcoholism: 1.) Professional and personal relationship ______________________ 2.) 3.) _________________________ friends, habits, and interests 4.) 5.) ___________________________ about drinking

Alcoholism and the Family:

Alcoholism and Society: ____________________ violence, crime, injuries, _____________ of productivity due to alcoholrelated illness (get sick a lot more often) TREATMENT Options: AN ONGOING PROCESS Organizations: 1.) __________________________ - most widely used program 2.) 3.) QUICK REVIEW 1.) Alcohol is considered a drug because…

2.) What is the law that makes it illegal for anyone under 21 to drive with any alcohol in his/her system?

3.) Which of the following is a controllable risk factor for alcoholism? genes, environment, or age

CHAPTER 11 (Tobacco) QUICK REVIEW 1.) What are some short-term effects of alcohol?

2.) What are the stages of alcoholism?

Herbal cigarettes (which also contain tobacco) are also called _________________, _________________, and __________________.

THERE IS _________ SAFE FORM OF TOBACCO. The most avoidable cause of death in the United States is considered to be ____________________________. Carcinogen:

Carbon Monoxide:

Tar:

SHORT-Term effects of tobacco use: 1.) Increase ____________________ and ________________________ 2.) 3.) 4.) ______________________ vomit reflex 5.) Increase blood _________________ levels 6.) LONG-Term effects of tobacco use: 1.) 2.)

Cigarette smoke paralyzes and kills _____________. 3.) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a combination of _______________________ and _______________________. 4.) 5.) 6.) 7.) Sidestream smoke - ____________ that escapes from the _________ of a cigarette, cigar, or pipe Secondhand Smoke –

Risks of smoking while pregnant: Babies growth rate _________________ Miscarriage or _________________ birth

Developmental ___________________ Why do people use tobacco? 1.) 2.) ___________________ about the dangers of tobacco 3.) 4.) Rebellion 5.) *Directed at __________ by using cartoon characters and attractive people and making it look __________ and fun REFUSING Tobacco – It is _______ always easy and it may be very ____________ to resist under pressure. Be honest – direct, but do not _____________ or put down the person

QUICK REVIEW 1.) What blocks the blood’s ability to carry oxygen? 2.) What are the other names for herbal cigarettes?

CHAPTER 12 (Illegal Drugs) QUICK REVIEW 1.) TRUE OR FALSE Using tobacco is a good method for coping and dealing with stress. 2.) When you stop using tobacco, how long will it take for your senses of smell and taste to return?

Using illegal drugs is dangers because… 1.) 2.) they are a major factor in __________________, motor vehicle accidents, and _________________. 3.) 4.) 5.) overdose can result. 6.) they can result in risky sexual behavior leading to ______________ pregnancy and _______________ transmitted diseases. WHY do people begin using drugs?

Escape from _____________________ or _______________________ Enjoyment of ___________-________________ behaviors

Glamorization of drugs by the __________________ **Teens are at a __________ risk of using illegal drugs because of the ______________ and _____________ associated with adolescence. They are also more likely to become ________________.

COMMONLY ABUSED DRUGS

Marijuana (smoked or mixed in with food and eaten)

Hashish (smoked)

Effects of the Drug

Health Consequences

Other Information

Relaxation, feelings of wellbeing, distortion of time and distance, loss of shortterm memory, loss of balance and coordination, increased appetite

Frequent respiratory infection, impaired learning and memory, panic attack; long-term use can result in many of the same effects as tobacco

Active ingredient: THC

Same as marijuana but stronger

Same as marijuana

Comes from Cannabis sativa plant

Active Ingredient: THC Comes from Cannabis sativa plant

Anabolic Steroids

No intoxication effects

(swallowed or injected)

Stimulants (temporarily increase energy and alertness) Cocaine, methamphetamines (meth), speed, etc.

Increased aggression, Taken for the effects shrinking of testes, on the body, not mind infertility, growth of breasts – to build muscles in mean, growth of facial hair and deepening of voice in women, liver cancer, heart damage/attack

Loss of appetite, euphoria, hyperactivity, restlessness, anxiety, increased heart rate, elevated blood pressure, increased breathing rate

Nervousness, irritability, panic, aggressive behavior, kidney and liver damage, heart failure, death

The effects of crack cocaine (crystallized form that is smoked) are more intense than powdered cocaine, but do not last as long.

Euphoria, reduced anxiety, loss of inhibitions, drowsiness

Dangerously slow breathing, loss of coordination, slurred speech, confusion, slowed heart rate, loss of consciousness, loss of memory, coma, death

Rohypnol is the most frequently used daterape drug.

(snorted, injected, smoked, or swallowed) Depressants (cause relaxation and sleepiness) Rohypnol, dextromethorphan(DXM) (swallowed) Opiates (from the poppy plant that are used as

Euphoria, feelings of wellbeing, relaxation,

Nausea/vomiting, constipation, confusion,

Dextromethorphan can make the user not be able to move at all. Heroin is the most commonly used illegal

pain relievers, anesthetics, and sedatives)

drowsiness, pain relief

loss of consciousness, dangerously slow breathing, coma, death

opiate and is HIGHLY ADDICTIVE.

Sensory illusions, distortions of reality, dizziness, weakness, enhanced emotions, feelings of being outside the body

Panic, self-injury, chronic mental disorders, recurring distortion of perceptions after the drug has worn off (flashbacks)

Heroin, Oxycotton (smoked, injected, swallowed, or snorted) Hallucinogens (distort perceptions and cause a person to see and hear things that are not real) LSD, mushrooms (swallowed or smoked)

Club (Designer) Drugs

Ecstasy (swallowed or snorted)

GHB (swallowed or snorted) PCP (injected, snorted, or smoked)

Effects of the Drug

Health Consequences

Other Information

Increased awareness of senses, mild hallucinations, increased energy, loss of judgment

Impaired learning and memory, hyperthermia (overheating), rapid/irregular heartbeat, death

When taken with GHB, they do not cancel out each other or make the effects of the drugs last longer. It increases the risk of seizure and decreases body’s ability to control temperature.

Relaxation, nausea, loss of inhibitions, euphoria

Dangerously slow breathing, seizures, coma

A date-rape drug

Confusing, distortions of reality, numbness

Loss of memory, loss of muscle control, dangerously slow breathing

Suicide and accidental suicide are serious risks

Key facts about drug abuse treatment: 1. 2. Mental illness should be treated at the _______ ________ as addiction.

3. Medications can be an important part of treatment. 4. 5. Treatment should offer multiple services, including, ____________ ___________, family counseling, ______ _________, and legal services. 6. The longer the abuser stays in treatment, the ________ effective it is. Saying “No” to Drugs: STAY AWAY FROM PEOPLE WHO USE __________ AND __________ WHERE DRUGS WILL BE USED. 1.) Say no firmly. 2.) Buy yourself ________ (i.e. go to the bathroom and think about how you can get out of the situation) 3.) Give good reasons why you choose not to do drugs. 4.) 5.) Suggest an alternate _____________. 6.) QUICKREVIEW 1.) TRUE OR FALSE Extreme sleepiness results from repeated use of methamphetamine. 2.)What changes in men can anabolic steroids cause?