WASHINGTON STATE BUILDING CODE CHAPTERS 51-56 WAC

UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE 2015

Washington State Building Code Council Effective July 1, 2016

Copies of the State Building Codes may be obtained from: Washington Association of Building Officials Post Office Box 7310 Olympia, Washington 98507-7310 (888) 664-9515 www.wabobookstore.org

Complete copies of the 2015 Uniform Plumbing Code as published by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials may be obtained from: International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (800) 85-IAPMO (854-2766) Fax 877 85-CODES http://publications.iapmo.org/ Read only online access to the code can be found at http://codes.iapmo.org/home.aspx?code=UPC

Uniform Plumbing Code Chapters 51-56 WAC Effective July 1, 2016 Printed March 2016 Second Edition based on WSR 16-02-044

Preface Authority: The Uniform Plumbing Code (Chapter 51-56 WAC) is adopted by the Washington State Building Code Council pursuant to Chapters 19.27 and 70.92 RCW. This code was first adopted by reference by the Washington State Legislature in 1974. In 1985, the Legislature delegated the responsibility of adoption and amendment of these codes to the State Building Code Council. Supersession of Previous Codes: Chapter 51-56 WAC supersede Chapters 51-46 and 51-47 WAC. Code Precedence: The State Building Code Act, Chapter 19.27 RCW, establishes the following order of precedence among the documents adopted as parts of the State Building Code: International Building Code, Standards and amendments – WAC 51-50; International Residential Code, Standards and amendments – WAC 51-51; International Mechanical Code, Standards and amendments – WAC 51-52; International Fire Code, Standards and amendments – WAC 51-54A; Uniform Plumbing Code, Standards and amendments – WAC 51-56. Where there is a conflict between codes, an earlier named code takes precedence over a later named code. In the case of conflict between the duct insulation requirements of the International Mechanical Code and the duct insulation requirements of the Energy Code, the Energy Code, or where applicable, a local jurisdiction's energy code, shall govern. Where, in any specific case, different sections of this Code specify different materials, methods of construction or other requirements, the most restrictive shall govern. Where there is conflict between a general requirement and a specific requirement, the specific requirement shall be applicable. Organization and Numbering: These rules are written to allow compatible use with the Uniform Plumbing Code. All sections which are amended, deleted, or added are referenced. Enforcement: The State Building Code Act requires that each local jurisdiction enforce the State Building Code within its jurisdiction. Any jurisdiction can contract with another jurisdiction or an inspection agency to provide the mandated enforcement activities. Amendments to the State Building Code: The State Building Code Council has adopted review procedures and approval criteria for local amendments. These procedures and criteria are found in Chapter 51-04 WAC. The Council has exempted from its review any amendments to the administrative provisions of the various codes. Forms for proposing statewide amendments to the State Building Code are available from the State Building Code Council staff. A. Amendments of Statewide Application: On a yearly basis the State Building Code Council will consider proposals to amend the State Building Code. The Council is not scheduled to enter formal rulemaking until 2018 as part of its consideration of adoption of the 2018 series of codes. Proposals to amend the State Building Code shall be made on forms provided by the Building Code Council. Code Change Proposal Submittal Deadline: March 1st of each year.

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B. Local Amendments: Any jurisdiction may amend the State Building Code provided the amendments do not reduce the minimum performance standards of the codes. There are two areas where local amendments are limited or prohibited: Prohibited Amendments: Residential provisions of the State Energy Code (WAC 51-11R and WAC 51-11C); any provision of the International Building Code or International Residential Code affecting accessibility; and standards specifically adopted in Chapters 19.27 and 19.27A WAC cannot be amended by any local jurisdiction. Residential Amendments: Amendments by local jurisdictions which affect the construction of single family and multi-family residential buildings must be reviewed and approved by the State Building Code Council before such amendments can be enforced. The State Building Code Act provides the following definition: Multi-family residential building: means common wall residential buildings that consist of four or fewer units, that do not exceed two stories in height, that are less than 5,000 square feet in area, and that have a one-hour fire-resistive occupancy separation between units. Application forms for Council review of local amendments are available from the State Building Code Council Staff. Washington State Building Code Council Post Office Box 41449 Olympia, Washington 98504-1449 www.sbcc.wa.gov (360) 407-9280 Fax (360) 586-9088 e-mail: [email protected] Printing Format: This version of the rules is published as a series of insert or replacement pages and is intended to be printed as a two-sided document. Each page provides instructions for installing them in the model code book. Amendments to the model code which are new or revised from the previous edition of this code are indicated by a line in the margin next to the revised portions. Effective Date: These rules were adopted by the State Building Code Council on November 13, 2015. The rules are effective throughout the state on July 1, 2016. This code is based on WAC 51-56 as published in WSR 16-02-044. It is subject to review by the State Legislature during the 2016 session.) Building Permit Fees: The activities of the State Building Code Council are supported by permit fees collected by each city and county. Section 19.27.085 of the State Building Code Act requires that a fee of $4.50 be imposed on each building permit issued by each city and county. In addition, a fee of $2.00 per unit shall be imposed for each dwelling unit after the first unit, on each building containing more than one residential unit. For the purpose of this fee, WAC 365-110-035 defines building permits as any permit to construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move, improve, remove, convert or demolish any building or structure regulated by the Building Code. Exempt from the fee are plumbing, electrical, mechanical permits, permits issued to install a mobile/manufactured home, commercial coach or factory built structure, or permits issued pursuant to the International Fire Code. Each city and county shall remit moneys collected to the state treasury quarterly. No remittance is required until a minimum of $50.00 has accumulated. These permit fees are the amounts current in January 2016. Such fees may be changed by the State Legislature. Opinions: Only at the request of local enforcement official, the State Building Code Council may issue interpretations/opinions of those provisions of the State Building Code created by the Council, or provisions of the model codes amended by the Council. Final interpretation authority for any specific permit resides with the local enforcement official.

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Table of Contents Section WAC 51-56-001

Page Authority ........................................................................................ A

WAC 51-56-002

Purpose ........................................................................................... A

WAC 51-56-003 WAC 51-56-004

Uniform Plumbing Code ............................................................... A Conflicts Between Appendix I and the Manufacturer’s Installation Instructions........................................................... A

WAC 51-56-007

Exceptions ....................................................................................... A

WAC 51-56-008

Implementation .............................................................................. A

WAC 51-56-0100

Chapter 1 Administration Section 101 – Applicability ............................................................. 1 Section 103 – Duties and Powers of the Authority Having Jurisdiction .................................................................. 2

WAC 51-56-0200

Chapter 2 Definitions Section 205 – C ................................................................................ 10 Section 210 – H ............................................................................... 13 Section 211 – I ................................................................................. 14 Section 218 – P ................................................................................ 16

WAC 51-56-0300

Chapter 3 General Regulations Section 301 – General ...................................................................... 21 Section 310 – Prohibited Fittings and Practices .............................. 23 Section 312 – Protection of Piping, Materials and Structures ......... 23

WAC 51-56-0400

Chapter 4 Plumbing Fixtures and Fixture Fittings Section 402 – Installation ................................................................ 27 Section 405 – Special Fixtures and Specialties ................................ 28 Section 407 – Lavatories ................................................................. 28 Section 408 – Showers ..................................................................... 29 Section 411 – Water Closets ............................................................ 31 Section 412 – Urinals ....................................................................... 31 Section 414 – Dishwashing Machines ............................................. 32 Section 415 – Drinking Fountains ................................................... 32 Section 418 – Floor Drains .............................................................. 33 Section 422 – Minimum Number of Required Fixtures .................. 33

WAC 51-56-0500

Chapter 5 Water Heaters Section 501 – General ...................................................................... 39 Section 504 – Water Heater Requirements ...................................... 39 Section 505 – Oil-Burning and Other Water Heaters ...................... 40 Section 506 – Air for Combustion and Ventilation ......................... 40 iii

Section 507 – Other Water Heater Installation Requirements .......... 44 Section 509 – Venting of Appliances ............................................... 47 Section 510 – Sizing of Category I Venting Systems ....................... 59 WAC 51-56-0600

Chapter 6 Water Supply and Distribution Section 601 – General........................................................................ 91 Section 603 – Cross-Connection Control ......................................... 92 Section 604 – Materials .................................................................... 98 Section 606 – Valves ......................................................................... 104 Section 608 – Water Pressure, Pressure Regulators, Pressure Relief Valves, and Vacuum Relief Valves ......................... 104 Section 609 – Installation, Testing, Unions, and Location ............... 106 Section 610 – Size of Potable Water Piping ..................................... 106 Section 611 – Drinking Water Treatment Units ................................ 110 Section 612 – Residential Fire Sprinkler Systems ............................ 110

WAC 51-56-0700

Chapter 7 Sanitary Drainage Section 701 – General ....................................................................... 123 Section 703 – Size of Drainage Piping ............................................. 127 Section 704 – Fixture Connections (Drainage) ................................ 126 Section 707 – Cleanouts ................................................................... 129 Part II – Building Sewers .................................................................. 118

WAC 51-56-0900

Chapter 9 Vents Section 903 – Materials .................................................................... 143 Section 908 – Vertical Wet Venting ................................................. 145

WAC 51-56-1100

Chapter 11 Storm Drainage Section 1101 – General ..................................................................... 153 Section 1105 – Controlled Flow Roof Drainage .............................. 156

WAC 51-56-1300

Chapter 13 Health Care Facilities and Medical Gas and Vacuum Systems Section 1303 – Health Care Facilities .............................................. 216 Section 1305 – System Performance ................................................ 216

WAC 51-56-1500

Chapter 15 Alternate Water Sources for Nonpotable Applications Section 1501 – General ..................................................................... 243 Section 1502 – Gray Water Systems ................................................ 245 Section 1503 – Reclaimed (Recycled) Water Systems ..................... 250 Section 1504 – On-Site Treated Nonpotable Water Systems ........... 251

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WAC 51-56-1600

Chapter 16 Nonpotable Rainwater Catchment Systems Section 1601 – General ..................................................................... 254 Section 1602 – Nonpotable Rainwater Catchment Systems ............. 254

WAC 51-56-1700

Chapter 17 Referenced Standards Section 1701 – Referenced Standards ............................................. 259

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Washington State Amendments

CHAPTER 51-56 WAC STATE BUILDING CODE ADOPTION AND AMENDMENT OF THE 2015 EDITION OF THE UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE

WAC 51-56-001 AUTHORITY. These rules are adopted under the authority of Chapter 19.27 RCW. WAC 51-56-002 PURPOSE. The purpose of these rules is to implement the provisions of Chapter 19.27 RCW, which provides that the State Building Code Council shall maintain the State Building Code in a status which is consistent with the purpose as set forth in RCW 19.27.020. In maintaining the codes, the council shall regularly review updated versions of the codes adopted under the act, and other pertinent information, and shall amend the codes as deemed appropriate by the Council. WAC 51-56-003 UNIFORM PLUMBING CODE. The 2015 edition of the Uniform Plumbing Code, including Appendices A, B, and I, published by the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, is hereby adopted by reference with the following additions, deletions and exceptions: PROVIDED that Chapters 12 and 14 of this code are not adopted. PROVIDED FURTHER, that those requirements of the Uniform Plumbing Code relating to venting and combustion air of fuel fired appliances as found in Chapter 5 and those portions of the Code addressing building sewers are not adopted.

WAC 51-56-004 CONFLICTS BETWEEN APPENDIX I AND THE MANUFACTURER'S INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS. Where a conflict exists between the provisions of Appendix I and the manufacturer's installation instructions, the conditions of the listing and the manufacturer's installation instructions shall apply. WAC 51-56-007 EXCEPTIONS. The exceptions and amendments to the model codes contained in the provisions of Chapter 19.27 RCW shall apply in cases of conflict with any of the provisions of these rules. Codes referenced which are not adopted through RCW 19.27.031 or Chapter 19.27A RCW shall not apply unless specifically adopted by the authority having jurisdiction. WAC 51-56-008 IMPLEMENTATION. The Uniform Plumbing Code adopted by Chapter 51-56 WAC shall become effective in all counties and cities of this state on July 1, 2016. .

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102.1 Conflicts Between Codes. Delete paragraph.

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103.3.1 Certification. State rules and regulations

concerning certification shall apply.

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Certified Backflow Assembly Tester. A person certified by

the Washington State Department of Health under Chapter 246-292 WAC to inspect (for correct installation and approval status) and test (for proper operation), maintain and repair (in compliance with chapter 18.106 RCW) backflow prevention assemblies, devices and air gaps.

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Hot Water. Water at a temperature exceeding or equal to

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(7) The foregoing enumeration of conditions to which the term "insanitary" shall apply, shall not preclude the application of that term to conditions that are, in fact, insanitary.

211.0 Insanitary. A condition that is contrary to sanitary

principles or is injurious to health. Conditions to which "insanitary" shall apply include the following: (1) A trap that does not maintain a proper trap seal. (2) An opening in a drainage system, except where lawful, that is not provided with an approved liquidsealed trap. (3) A plumbing fixture or other waste discharging receptor or device that is not supplied with water sufficient to flush and maintain the fixture or receptor in a clean condition, except as otherwise provided in this code. (4) A defective fixture, trap, pipe, or fitting. (5) A trap, except where in this code exempted, directly connected to a drainage system, the seal of which is not protected against siphonage and backpressure by a vent pipe. (6) A connection, cross-connection, construction, or condition, temporary or permanent, that would permit or make possible by any means whatsoever for an unapproved foreign matter to enter a water distribution system used for domestic purposes. (Insert Facing Page 14)

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Plumbing System. Includes all potable water building

supply and distribution pipes, all reclaimed or other alternate source water systems, all rainwater systems, all plumbing fixtures and traps, all drainage and vent pipe(s), and all building drains including their respective joints and connections, devices, receptors, and appurtenances within the property lines of the premises and shall include potable water piping, potable water treating or using equipment, medical gas and medical vacuum systems, and water heaters: Provided, that no certification shall be required for the installation of a plumbing system within the property lines and outside a building.

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Water/Wastewater Utility. A public or private entity,

including a water purveyor as defined in chapter 246-290 WAC, which may treat, deliver, or do both functions to reclaimed (recycled) water, potable water, or both to wholesale or retail customers.

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301.3 Alternative Materials and Methods of Construction Equivalency. Nothing in this code is intended to prevent the

use of systems, methods, or devices of equivalent or superior quality, strength, fire resistance, effectiveness, durability, and safety over those prescribed by this code. Technical documentation shall be submitted to the authority having jurisdiction to demonstrate equivalency. The authority having jurisdiction shall have the authority to approve or disapprove the system, method, or device for the intended purpose. Where the alternate material, design or method of construction is not approved, the code official shall respond in writing, stating the reasons why the alternative was not approved. However, the exercise of this discretionary approval by the authority having jurisdiction shall have no effect beyond the jurisdictional boundaries of said authority having jurisdiction. An alternate material or method of construction so approved shall not be considered as in accordance with the requirements, intent or both of this code for a purpose other than that granted by the authority having jurisdiction where the submitted data does not prove equivalency. 301.2.2 Standards. Standards listed or referred to in this

chapter or other chapters cover materials which will conform to the requirements of this Code, when used in accordance with the limitations imposed in this or other chapters thereof and their listing. Where a standard covers materials of various grades, weights, quality, or configurations, the portion of the listed standard that is applicable shall be used. Design and materials for special conditions or materials not provided for herein shall be permitted to be used by special permission of the Authority Having Jurisdiction after the Authority Having Jurisdiction has been satisfied as to their adequacy in accordance with Section 301.2.

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310.4 Use of Vent and Waste Pipes. Except as hereinafter

provided in Sections 908 through 911, and Appendix C, no vent pipe shall be used as a soil or waste pipe, nor shall any soil or waste pipe be used as a vent.

312.6 Freezing Protection. No water, soil, or waste pipe

shall be installed or permitted outside of a building, in attics or crawl spaces, or in an exterior wall unless, where necessary, adequate provision is made to protect such pipe from freezing. All hot and cold water pipes installed outside the conditioned space shall be insulated to a minimum R-3. 312.7 Fire-Resistant Construction. All pipes penetrating

floor/ceiling assemblies and fire-resistance rated walls or partitions shall be protected in accordance with the requirements of the building code.

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402.5 Setting. Fixtures shall be set level and in proper

alignment with reference to adjacent walls. No water closet or bidet shall be set closer than fifteen (15) inches (381 mm) from its center to any side wall or obstruction nor closer than thirty (30) inches (762 mm) center to center to any similar fixture. The clear space in front of any water closet, lavatory or bidet shall be not less than twenty-four (24) inches (610 mm). No urinal shall be set closer than twelve (12) inches (305 mm) from its center to any side wall or partition, nor closer than twenty-four (24) inches (610 mm) center to center. Exceptions: (1) The clear space in front of a water closet, lavatory or bidet in dwelling units and sleeping units shall be not less than 21 inches (533 mm). (2) The installation of paper dispensers or accessibility grab bars shall not be considered obstructions.

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405.4 Application. No individual, public or private

corporation, firm, political subdivision, government agency, or other legal entity, may, for purposes of use in the state of Washington, distribute, sell, offer for sale, import, install, or approve for installation any plumbing fixtures or fittings unless the fixtures or fittings meet the standards as provided for in this chapter.

407.2 Water Consumption. The maximum water use

allowed in gallons per minute (gpm) or liters per minute (lpm) for any of the following faucets and replacement aerators is the following: Lavatory faucets

2.5 gpm / 9.5 lpm

Kitchen faucets

2.5 gpm / 9.5 lpm

Replacement aerators

2.5 gpm / 9.5 lpm

Public lavatory faucets other than metering

0.5 gpm / 1.9 lpm

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407.4 Metering Valves. Lavatory faucets located in

restrooms intended for use by the general public shall be equipped with a metering valve designed to close by spring or water pressure when left unattended (self-closing). Exceptions: (1) Where designed and installed for use by persons with a disability. (2) Where installed in day care centers, for use primarily by children under 6 years of age.

408.6 Shower Compartments. Shower compartments, 408.2 Water Consumption. Showerheads shall have a

maximum flow rate of not more than 2.5 gpm at 80 psi (9.5 L/m at 552 kPa), in accordance with ASME A112.18.1/ CSA B125.1. Exception: Emergency use showers shall be exempt from the maximum water usage rates.

408.4 Waste Outlet. Showers shall have a waste outlet and

regardless of shape, shall have a minimum finished interior of nine hundred (900) square inches (0.58 m2) and shall also be capable of encompassing a thirty inch (30) (762 mm) circle. The minimum required area and dimensions shall be measured at a height equal to the top of the threshold and at a point tangent to its centerline. The area and dimensions shall be maintained to a point of not less than seventy (70) inches (1,778 mm) above the shower drain outlet with no protrusions other than the fixture valve or valves, shower head, soap dishes, shelves, and safety grab bars or rails. Fold-down seats in accessible shower stalls shall be permitted to protrude into the thirty (30) inch (762 mm) circle. Exceptions: (1) Showers that are designed to comply with ICC/ANSI A117.1. (2) The minimum required area and dimensions shall not apply for a shower receptor having overall dimensions of not less than thirty (30) inches (762 mm) in width and sixty (60) inches (1,524 mm) in length.

fixture tailpiece not less than 2 inches (50 mm) in diameter. Fixture tailpieces shall be constructed from the materials specified in Section 701.1 for drainage piping. Strainers serving shower drains shall have a waterway at least equivalent to the area of the tailpiece. Exception: In a residential dwelling unit where a 2 inch waste is not readily available and approval of the AHJ has been granted, the waste outlet, fixture tailpiece, trap and trap arm may be 1-1/2 inch when an existing tub is being replaced by a shower sized per Section 408.6(2). This exception only applies where one shower head rated at 2.5 gpm is installed.

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412.1 Application. Urinals shall comply with ASME

A112.19.2/CSA B45.1, ASME A112.19.19, or CSA B45.5/IAPMO Z124. Urinals shall have an average water consumption not to exceed 1 gallon (3.8 L) of water per flush. No urinal that operates on a continuous flow or continuous flush basis shall be permitted.

411.2 Water Consumption. Water closets shall have a

maximum consumption not to exceed 1.6 gallons (6.0 L) of water per flush in accordance with ASME A112.19.2/CSA B45.1. No water closet that operates on a continuous flow or continuous flush basis shall be permitted. Exceptions: (1) Water closets located in day care centers, intended for use by young children may have a maximum water use of 3.5 gallons per flush or 13.25 liters per flush. (2) Water closets with bed pan washers may have a maximum water use of 3.5 gallons per flush or 13.25 liters per flush. (3) Blow out bowls, as defined in ANSI/ASME A112.19.2M, Section 5.1.2.3 may have a maximum water use of 3.5 gallons per flush or 13.25 liters per flush.

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414.3 Drainage Connection. Domestic dishwashing

machines shall discharge indirectly through an air gap fitting in accordance with Section 807.4 into a waste receptor, a wye branch fitting on the tailpiece of a kitchen sink, or dishwasher connection of a food waste disposer. Commercial dishwashing machines shall discharge indirectly through an air gap.

415.2 Drinking Fountain Alternatives. This section is not

adopted. See Building Code chapter 29.

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418.3 Location of Floor Drains. Floor drains shall be

installed in the following areas: (1) Toilet rooms containing two (2) or more water closets or a combination of one (1) water closet and one (1) urinal, except in a dwelling unit. The floor shall slope toward the floor drains. (2) Laundry rooms in commercial buildings and common laundry facilities in multi-family dwelling buildings.

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422.0 Minimum Number of Required Fixtures. For

minimum number of plumbing fixtures required, see Building Code Chapter 29 and Table 2902.1. Sections 422.1 through 422.5 and Table 422.1 are not adopted.

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501.1 Applicability. The regulations of this chapter shall

govern the construction, location, and installation of fuel burning and other types of water heaters heating potable water. The minimum capacity for water heaters shall be in accordance with the first hour rating listed in Table 501.1. See the Mechanical Code for combustion air and installation of all vents and their connectors. No water heater shall be hereinafter installed that does not comply with the manufacturer’s installation instructions and the type and model of each size thereof approved by the authority having jurisdiction. A list of accepted water heater appliance standards is referenced in Table 501(2). Listed appliances shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions. Unlisted water heaters shall be permitted in accordance with Section 504.3.2.

(1) Fuel-burning water heaters may be installed in a closet located in the bedroom or bathroom provided the closet is equipped with a listed, gasketed door assembly and a listed self-closing device. The self-closing door assembly shall meet the requirements of Section 504.1.1. The door assembly shall be installed with a threshold and bottom door seal and shall meet the requirements of Section 504.1.2. All combustion air for such installations shall be obtained from the outdoors in accordance with the International Mechanical Code. The closet shall be for the exclusive use of the water heater. (2) Water heater shall be of the direct vent type.

504.1 Location. Water heater installation in bedrooms and

bathrooms shall comply with one of the following: TABLE 501.1 Number of Bathrooms Number of Bedrooms First Hour Rating2, Gallons

1 to 1.5

1 42

2 54

1,3

2 to 2.5

3 54

2 54

3 67

4 67

3 to 3.5

5 80

3 67

4 80

5 80

6 80

Notes: 1 The first hour rating is found on the "Energy Guide" label. 2 Non-storage and solar water heaters shall be sized to meet the appropriate first hour rating as shown in the table 3 For replacement water heaters, see Section 102.4.

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506.0 Air for Combustion and Ventilation. For issues

relating to combustion and ventilation air, see the Mechanical Code. Delete remainder of Section 506. 505.2 Safety Devices. All storage-type water heaters

deriving heat from fuels or types of energy other than gas, shall be provided with, in addition to the primary temperature controls, an over-temperature safety protection device constructed, listed, and installed in accordance with nationally recognized applicable standards for such devices and a combination temperature and pressure relief valve.

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507.2 Seismic Provisions. Water heaters shall be

anchored or strapped to resist horizontal displacement due to earthquake motion. Strappings shall be at points within the upper one-third and lower one-third of its vertical dimensions. At the lower point, a distance of not less than four (4) inches (102 mm) shall be maintained from the controls to the strapping.

Sections 507.6 through 507.9 are not adopted.

507.13 Installation in Garages. Appliances in garages and

in adjacent spaces that open to the garage and are not part of the living space of a dwelling unit shall be installed so that burners, burner-ignition devices and ignition sources are located not less than 18 inches above the floor unless listed as flammable vapor ignition resistant.

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507.16 Venting of Flue Gases. This section is not adopted.

Sections 507.18 through 507.22 are not adopted.

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509.0 Venting of Appliances. Delete entire section. THE REMAINDER OF THE CHAPTER IS NOT ADOPTED

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510.0 Sizing of Category I Venting Systems. Delete entire

section.

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601.1 Applicability. This chapter shall govern the

materials, design and installation of water supply systems, including backflow prevention devices, assemblies and methods used for backflow prevention.

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persons having control of such devices or assemblies. Such devices or assemblies shall be tested in accordance with Section 603.4.2 and WAC 246-290-490. If found to be defective or inoperative, the device or assembly shall be replaced or repaired. No device or assembly shall be removed from use or relocated or other device or assembly substituted, without the approval of the authority having jurisdiction. Testing shall be performed by a Washington State Department of Health certified backflow assembly tester.

603.1 General. Cross-connection control shall be provided

in accordance with the provisions of this chapter. Devices or assemblies for protection of the public water system must be models approved by the Department of Health under WAC 246-290-490. The Authority Having Jurisdiction shall coordinate with the local water purveyor where applicable in all matters concerning cross-connection control within the property lines of the premises. No person shall install any water operated equipment or mechanism, or use any water treating chemical or substance, if it is found that such equipment, mechanism, chemical or substance may cause pollution or contamination of the domestic water supply. Such equipment or mechanism may be permitted only when equipped with an approved backflow prevention device or assembly. 603.2 Approval of Devices or Assemblies. Before any

device or assembly is installed for the prevention of backflow, it shall have first been approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Devices or assemblies shall be tested for conformity with recognized standards or other standards acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction. Backflow prevention devices and assemblies shall comply with Table 603.2, except for specific applications and provisions as stated in Section 603.5.1 through 603.5.21. All devices or assemblies installed in a potable water supply system for protection against backflow shall be maintained in good working condition by the person or Effective July 1, 2016

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TABLE 603.2 BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICES, ASSEMBLIES AND METHODS Device, Assembly, or Method

Applicable Standards

Pollution (Low Hazard) BackBackSiphonage Pressure

Contamination (High Hazard) BackBackSiphonage Pressure

Installation 2,3

Delete the following line from Table 603.2: Backflow preventer for Carbonated Beverage Dispensers (two independent check valves with a vent to the atmosphere)

ASSE 1022

X

Installation includes carbonated beverage machines or dispensers. These devices operate under intermittent or continuous pressure conditions.

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603.4.2 Testing. For devices and assemblies other than

those regulated by the Washington State Department of Health in conjunction with the local water purveyor for the protection of public water systems, the Authority Having Jurisdiction shall ensure that the premise owner or responsible person shall have the backflow prevention assembly tested by a Washington State Department of Health certified backflow assembly tester: (1) At the time of installation, repair, or relocation; and (2) At least on an annual schedule thereafter, unless more frequent testing is required by the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

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603.4.9 Prohibited Location. Backflow prevention

devices with atmospheric vents or ports shall not be installed in pits, underground or in submerged locations. Backflow preventers shall not be located in any area containing fumes or aerosols that are toxic, poisonous, infectious, or corrosive.

chemical injection or provisions for chemical injection, shall be protected from backflow by one of the following: (1) Atmospheric vacuum breaker (AVB). (2) Pressure vacuum breaker backflow prevention assembly (PVB). (3) Spill-resistant pressure vacuum breaker (SVB). (4) Reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly (RP). (5) A double check valve backflow prevention assembly (DC) may be allowed when approved by the water purveyor and the Authority Having Jurisdiction.

603.5.6 Protection from Lawn Sprinklers and Irrigation Systems. Potable water supplies to systems having no

pumps or connections for pumping equipment, and no Effective July 1, 2016

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603.5.10 Steam or Hot Water Boilers. Potable water

(4) Reduced pressure detector fire protection backflow prevention assembly. Potable water supplies to fire protection systems that are not normally under pressure shall be protected from backflow and shall meet the requirements of the appropriate standard(s) referenced in Table 1701.1.

connections to steam or hot water boilers shall be protected by an air gap or reduced pressure principle backflow preventer.

603.5.12 Beverage Dispensers. Potable water supply to

carbonators shall be protected by a listed reduced pressure principle backflow preventer as approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction for the specific use. The backflow preventer shall be located in accordance with Section 603.4.3. The piping downstream of the backflow preventer shall not be of copper, copper alloy, or other material that is affected by carbon dioxide.

603.5.14 Protection from Fire Systems. Except as

provided under Sections 603.5.14.1 and 603.5.14.2, potable water supplies to fire protection systems that are normally under pressure, including but not limited to standpipes and automatic sprinkler systems, except in one or two family or townhouse residential flow-through or combination sprinkler systems piped in materials approved for potable water distribution systems, shall be protected from backpressure and back-siphonage by one of the following testable assemblies: (1) Double check valve backflow prevention assembly (DC). (2) Double check detector fire protection backflow prevention assembly. (3) Reduced pressure principle backflow prevention assembly (RP). (Insert Facing Page 97)

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604.14 Termination of Plastic Pipe. Plastic water service

piping may terminate within a building, provided the connection to the potable water distribution system shall be made as near as is practical to the point of entry and shall be accessible. Barbed insert fittings with hose clamps are prohibited as a transition fitting within the building.

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606.5 Control Valve. A control valve shall be installed

immediately ahead of each water-supplied appliance and immediately ahead of each slip joint or appliance supply. Parallel water distribution systems shall provide a control valve either immediately ahead of each fixture being supplied or installed at the manifold, and shall be identified with the fixture being supplied. Where parallel water distribution system manifolds are located in attics, crawl spaces, or other locations not accessible, a separate shutoff valve shall be required immediately ahead of each individual fixture or appliance served.

608.3 Expansion Tanks, and Combination Temperature and Pressure-Relief Valves. A water system provided

with a check valve, backflow preventer, or other normally closed device that prevents dissipation of building pressure back into the water main, independent of the type of water used, shall be provided with an approved, listed, and adequately sized expansion tank or other approved device having a similar function to control thermal expansion. Such expansion tank or other approved device shall be installed on the building side of the check valve, backflow preventer, or other device and shall be sized and installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions. Exception: Instantaneous hot water systems installed in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions.

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608.3.1 A water system containing storage water heating

equipment shall be provided with an approved, listed, adequately sized combination temperature and pressurerelief valve, except for listed nonstorage instantaneous heater having an inside diameter of not more than three (3) inches (80 mm). Each such approved combination temperature and pressure-relief valve shall be installed on the water-heating device in an approved location based on its listing requirements and the manufacturer's installation instructions. Each such combination temperature and pressure-relief valve shall be provided with a drain in accordance with Section 608.5. 608.5 Discharge Piping. The discharge piping serving a temperature relief valve, pressure relief valve, or combination of both shall have no valves, obstructions, or means of isolation and be provided with the following: (1) Equal to the size of the valve outlet and shall discharge full size to the flood level of the area receiving the discharge and pointing down. (2) Materials shall be rated at not less than the operating temperature of the system and approved for such use. (3) Discharge pipe shall discharge independently by gravity through an air gap into the drainage system or outside of the building with the end of the pipe not exceeding 2 feet (610 mm) and not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above the ground and pointing downwards. (4) Discharge in such a manner that does not cause personal injury or structural damage. (5) No part of such discharge pipe shall be trapped or subject to freezing. (6) The terminal end of the pipe shall not be threaded. (7) Discharge from a relief valve into a water heater pan shall be prohibited. Exception: Where no drainage was provided, replacement water heating equipment shall only be required to provide a drain pointing downward from the relief valve to extend between 2 feet (610 mm) and 6 inches (152 mm) from the floor. No additional floor drain need be provided.

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609.9 Disinfection of Potable Water System. New or

repaired potable water systems shall be disinfected prior to use where required by the authority having jurisdiction. The method to be followed shall be that prescribed by the health authority or, in case no method is prescribed by it, the following: (1) The pipe system shall be flushed with clean, potable water until potable water appears at the points of outlet. (2) The system or parts thereof shall be filled with a waterchlorine solution containing not less than 50 parts per million of chlorine, and the system or part thereof shall be valved-off and allowed to stand for twenty-four hours; or, the system or part thereof shall be filled with a water-chlorine solution containing not less than 200 parts per million of chlorine and allowed to stand for three hours. (3) Following the allowed standing time, the system shall be flushed with clean, potable water until the chlorine residual in the water coming from the system does not exceed the chlorine residual in the flushing water. (4) The procedure shall be repeated when a standard bacteriological test for drinking water, performed by a laboratory certified for drinking water in Washington state, shows unsatisfactory results indicating that contamination persists in the system. 609.11 Insulation of Potable Water Piping. Domestic

water piping within commercial buildings shall be insulated in accordance with Section C403.2.8 and Table C403.2.8 or Section C404.6 of the Washington State Energy Code, as applicable.

610.4 Sizing Water Supply and Distribution System.

Systems within the range of Table 610.4 may be sized from that table or by the method set forth in Section 610.5. Listed parallel water distribution systems shall be installed in accordance with their listing.

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611.1 Application. Drinking water treatment units shall

comply with NSF 42 or NSF 53. Water softeners shall comply with NSF 44. Ultraviolet water treatment systems shall comply with NSF 55. Reverse osmosis drinking water treatment systems shall comply with NSF 58. Drinking water distillation systems shall comply with NSF 62. The owner of a building that serves potable water to twenty-five or more people at least sixty or more days per year and that installs drinking water treatment units including, but not limited to, the treatment units in Section 611.1, may be regulated (as a Group A public water system) by the Washington state department of health under chapter 246-290 WAC. See Washington state department of health publication 331-488 for guidance.

612.1 General. Where residential fire sprinkler systems are

installed, they shall be installed in accordance with the International Building Code or International Residential Code. SECTIONS 612.2 THROUGH 612.7.2 ARE NOT ADOPTED (Insert Facing Page 110)

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701.2 Drainage Piping. Materials for drainage piping

shall be in accordance with one of the referenced standards in Table 701.1 except that: (1) No galvanized wrought-iron or galvanized steel pipe shall be used underground and shall be kept not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above ground. (2) ABS and PVC DWV piping installations shall be installed in accordance with applicable standards in  Table 1701.1. Except for individual single family dwelling units, materials exposed within ducts or plenums shall have a maximum flame-spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke-developed index of 50, when tested in accordance with ASTM E-84 and UL 723. (3) No vitrified clay pipe or fittings shall be used above ground or where pressurized by a pump or ejector. They shall be kept not less than 12 inches (305 mm) below ground. (4) Copper tube for drainage and vent piping shall have a weight of not less than that of copper drainage tube type DWV. (5) Stainless steel 304 pipe and fittings shall not be installed underground and shall be kept not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above ground. (6) Cast-iron soil pipe and fittings shall be listed and tested in accordance with standards referenced in Table 1701.1. Such pipe and fittings shall be marked with country of origin and identification of the original manufacturer in addition to markings required by referenced standards.

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704.3 Commercial Sinks. Except where specifically

required to be connected indirectly to the drainage system, or when first approved by the authority having jurisdiction, all plumbing fixtures, drains, appurtenances, and appliances shall be directly connected to the drainage system of the building or premises.

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Notes for Table 703.2: 1 Excluding trap arm. 2

Except sinks, urinals, and dishwashers - Exceeding 1 fixture unit.

3

Except six-unit traps or water closets.

4

Only four water closets or six-unit traps allowed on a vertical pipe or stack; and not to exceed three water closets or six-unit traps on a horizontal branch or drain. Exception: In a single family dwelling addition or alteration where a 4 inch horizontal waste is not readily available, four water closets not to exceed 1.6 gpf each may be allowed on a 3 inch horizontal waste when approved by the AHJ.

5

Based on one-fourth inch per foot (20.8 mm/m) slope. For one-eighths of an inch per foot (10.4 mm/m) slope, multiply horizontal fixture units by a factor of 0.8.

6

The diameter of an individual vent shall be not less than one and one-fourth inches (32 mm) nor less than one-half the diameter of the drain to which it is connected. Fixture unit load values for drainage and vent piping shall be computed from Table 702.1 and Table 702.2(b). Not to exceed one-third of the total permitted length of a vent shall be permitted to be installed in a horizontal position. Where vents are increased one pipe size for their entire length, the maximum length limitations specified in this table do not apply. This table is in accordance with the requirements of Section 901.2.

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707.4 Location . Each horizontal drainage pipe shall be

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provided with a cleanout at its upper terminal, and each run of piping that is more than 100 feet (30,480 mm) in total developed length, shall be provided with a cleanout for each 100 feet (30,480 mm), or fraction thereof, in length of such piping. An additional cleanout shall be provided in a drainage line for each aggregate horizontal change of direction exceeding 135 degrees (2.36 rad). Exceptions: (1) Cleanouts shall be permitted to be omitted on a horizontal drain line less than 5 feet (1,524 mm) in length unless such line is serving sinks or urinals. Effective July 1, 2016

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(2) Cleanouts shall be permitted to be omitted on a horizontal drainage pipe installed on a slope of 72 degrees (1.26 rad) or less from the vertical angle (onefifth bend). (3) Except for the building drain, its horizontal branches, and urinals, a cleanout shall not be required on a pipe or piping that is above the floor level of the lowest floor of the building. (4) An approved type of two-way cleanout fitting, installed inside the building wall near the connection between the building drain and the building sewer or installed outside of a building at the lower end of a building drain and extended to grade, shall be permitted to be substituted for an upper terminal cleanout.

707.9 Clearance. Each cleanout in piping 2 inches (50 mm)

or less in size shall be so installed that there is a clearance of not less than 12 inches (427 mm) in front of the cleanout. Cleanouts in piping exceeding 2 inches (50 mm) shall have a clearance of not less than 18 inches (457 mm) in front of the cleanout. Cleanouts in under-floor piping shall be extended to or above the finished floor or shall be extended outside the building where there is less than 18 inches (457 mm) vertical overall, allowing for obstructions such as ducts, beams and piping, and 30 inches (762 mm) of horizontal clearance from the means of access to such cleanout. No under-floor cleanout shall be located exceeding 20 feet (1,524 mm) from an access door, trap door or crawl hole. (Insert Facing Page 130)

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PART II — BUILDING SEWERS Part II Building Sewers. Delete all of Part II, Sections 713

to 723, and Tables 717.1 and 721.1.

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903.1 Applicable Standards. Vent pipe and fittings shall

comply with the applicable standards referenced in Table 701.1, except that: (1) No galvanized steel or 304 stainless steel pipe shall be installed underground and shall be not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above ground. (2) ABS and PVC DWV piping installations shall be installed in accordance with applicable standards in Table 1701.1. Except for individual single family  dwelling units, materials exposed within ducts or plenums shall have a maximum flame-spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke developed index of 50, when tested in accordance with ASTM E-84 and UL 723.

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908.2.4 Water Closet. This section is not adopted.

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1101.4 Material Uses. Pipe, tube and fittings conveying

rainwater shall be of such materials and design as to perform their intended function to the satisfaction of the authority having jurisdiction. Conductors within a vent or shaft shall be of cast iron, galvanized steel, wrought iron, copper, coppery alloy, lead, Schedule 40 ABS DWV,  Schedule 40 PVC DWV, stainless steel 304 or 316L (stainless steel 304 pipe and fittings shall not be installed underground and shall be kept not less than 6 inches (152 mm) above ground), or other approved materials, and changes in direction shall conform to the requirements of Section 706.0. ABS and PVC DWV piping installations shall be installed in accordance with IS 5 and IS 9. Except for individual single-family dwelling units, materials exposed within ducts or plenums shall have a maximum flame-spread index of 25 and a maximum smoke-developed index of 50, when tested in accordance with ASTM E-84 and UL 723.

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1101.13 Cleanouts. Cleanouts for building storm drains

shall comply with the requirements of this Section. 1101.13.1 Locations. Rain leaders and conductors

connected to a building storm sewer shall have a cleanout installed at the base of the outside leader or outside conductor before it connects to the horizontal drain. Cleanouts shall be placed inside the building near the connection between the building drain and the building sewer or installed outside the building at the lower end of the building drain and extended to grade. 1101.13.2 Cleaning. Each cleanout shall be installed so

that it opens to allow cleaning in the direction of flow of the soil or waste or at right angles thereto, and except in the case of wye branch and end-of-line cleanouts, shall be installed vertically above the flow line of the pipe. 1101.13.3 Access. Cleanouts installed under concrete or

asphalt paving shall be made accessible by yard boxes, or extending flush with paving with approved materials and be adequately protected. 1101.13.4 Manholes. Approved manholes may be

installed in lieu of cleanouts when first approved by the Authority Having Jurisdiction. The maximum distance between manholes shall not exceed three hundred (300) feet (91.4 m). The inlet and outlet connections shall be made by the use of a flexible compression joint no closer than twelve (12) inches (305 mm) to, and not farther than three (3) feet (914 mm) from the manhole. No flexible compression joints shall be embedded in the manhole base.

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1105.0 Controlled-Flow Roof Drainage. This section is not

adopted.

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1303.8 Water Mains for Hospitals. Hospitals shall be

provided with not less than two approved potable water mains that are installed in such a manner as to prevent the interruption of water service. 1305.3 Minimum Station Outlets/Inlets. Station outlets

and inlets for medical gas and medical vacuum systems for facilities licensed or certified by the Washington State Department of Health (DOH) or Washington State Department of Social and Health Services (DSHS) shall be provided as listed in Chapters 246-320 and 246-330 WAC as required by the applicable licensing rules as applied by DOH Construction Review Services. All other medical gas and medical vacuum systems shall be provided as listed in Table 1305.3. (Insert Facing Page 216)

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1501.1.1 Allowable use of Alternative Water. Where

approved or required by the authority having jurisdiction, alternate water sources (reclaimed (recycled) water, gray water and on-site treated nonpotable water) shall be permitted to be used in lieu of potable water for the applications identified in this chapter. Reclaimed (recycled) water shall not be used to flush toilets or for other indoor use in any residential property or dwelling unit where residents have access to plumbing systems for repairs or modifications. 1501.2 System Design. Alternate water source systems



shall be designed in accordance with this chapter by a registered design professional or person who demonstrates competency to design the alternate water source system as required by the authority having jurisdiction. Components, piping, and fittings used in an alternate water source system shall be listed. 1501.7 Minimum Water Quality Requirements. The

minimum water quality for alternate water source systems shall meet the applicable water quality requirements for the intended application as determined by the authority having jurisdiction. In the absence of water quality requirements, the EPA/625/R-04/108 contains recommended water reuse guidelines to assist regulatory agencies develop, revise, or expand alternate water source water quality standards. The treatment for gray water used to flush toilets or urinals shall be oxidized, coagulated, filtered and disinfected, and be consistent at all times with Washington Class A reclaimed water or better and be approved by the authority having jurisdiction.

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1501.13.1 General. An abandoned system or part thereof

1501.11.2.3 Discovery of Cross-Connection. In the event

that a cross-connection is discovered, the following procedure, in the presence of the AHJ, shall be activated immediately: (1) Reclaimed (recycled) water piping to the building shall be shutdown at the meter, and the reclaimed (recycled) water riser shall be drained. (2) Potable water piping to the building shall be shutdown at the meter. (3) The cross-connection shall be uncovered and disconnected. (4) The building shall be retested following procedures listed in Sections 1501.11.2.1 and 1501.11.2.2. (5) The potable water system shall be chlorinated with 50 parts-per-million (ppm) chlorine for twenty-four hours. (6) The potable water system shall be flushed after twentyfour hours, and a standard bacteriological test for drinking water shall be performed by a laboratory certified for drinking water in Washington state. Where test results are satisfactory to the authority having jurisdiction, health authority having jurisdiction, and the water purveyor, the potable water system shall be permitted to be recharged. See also chapter 246-290 WAC.

covered under the scope of this chapter shall be disconnected from remaining systems, drained, plugged, and capped in an approved manner. Components of the abandoned system including, but not limited to, pipe, tubing, fittings, and valves shall not be used for potable water systems.

1502.0 Gray Water Systems, is not adopted. Gray water

shall not be used for irrigation except as permitted by the department of health rules.

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1503.4 Connection to Potable or Reclaimed (Recycled) Water Systems. Reclaimed (recycled) water systems shall

have no connection to a potable water supply or alternate water source system. Potable water is permitted to be used as makeup water for a reclaimed (recycled) water storage tank provided the water supply inlet is protected by an approved air gap in accordance with this code.

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1504.7 On-Site Treated Nonpotable Water Devices and Systems. Devices or equipment used to treat nonpotable

water for on-site use in order to maintain the minimum water quality requirements determined by the authority having jurisdiction shall be listed or labeled (third-party certified) by a listing agency (accredited conformity assessment body) or approved for the intended application. Devices or equipment used to treat gray water or sewage for use in water closet and urinal flushing, surface irrigation, and similar applications shall oxidize, coagulate, filter and disinfect the gray water or sewage, and be consistent at all times with Washington Class A reclaimed water or better and be approved by the authority having jurisdiction.

1504.1 General. The provisions of this section shall apply



to the installation, construction, alteration, and repair of onsite treated nonpotable water systems intended to supply uses such as water closets, urinals, trap primers for floor drains and floor sinks, and other uses approved by the authority having jurisdiction.

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1601.11.1 General. An abandoned system or part thereof

covered under the scope of this chapter shall be disconnected from remaining systems, drained, plugged and capped in an approved manner. Components of the abandoned system including, but not limited to, pipe, tubing, fittings and valves shall not be used for potable water systems.

1602.1 General. The installation, construction, alteration,

and repair of rainwater catchments systems intended to supply uses such as water closets, urinals, trap primers for floor drains and floor sinks, irrigation, industrial processes, water features, cooling tower makeup and other uses shall be approved by the authority having jurisdiction. Exception: Exterior irrigation piping.

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1602.11.2.3 Discovery of Cross-Connection. In the event

that a cross-connection is discovered, the following procedure, in the presence of the AHJ, shall be activated immediately: (1) Rainwater catchment water piping to the building shall be shutdown at the meter, and the rainwater water riser shall be drained. (2) Potable water piping to the building shall be shutdown at the meter. (3) The cross-connection shall be uncovered and disconnected. (4) The building shall be retested following procedures listed in Sections 1603.11.2.1 and 1603.11.2.2. (5) The potable water system shall be chlorinated with 50 parts-per-million (ppm) chlorine for twenty-four hours. (6) The potable water system shall be flushed after twenty-four hours, and a standard bacteriological test for drinking water shall be performed by a laboratory certified for drinking water in Washington state. Where test results are satisfactory to the authority having jurisdiction, health authority having jurisdiction, and the water purveyor, the potable water system shall be permitted to be recharged. See also chapter 246-290 WAC.

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CHAPTER 17 REFERENCED STANDARDS Table 1701.1 Standards for Materials, Equipment, Joints and Connections Where more than one standard has been listed for the same material or method, the relevant portions of all such standards shall apply.

(Remainder of page remains as printed) Add the following standards to Table 1701.1:

Standard Number

WAC 246-290-490

Standard Title

Washington State Department of Health Cross Connection Control Requirements

Application

Backflow Protection

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