THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA GRADUATE SCHOOL Report of Committee on Examination
This is to certify that we the undersigned, as a commit ee of the Graduate School, have given
James Francie
ackell
final oral examination for the degree of aster of
Arts
We recommend that the Arts
degree of llaster of
be conferred
upon the candidate.
inneapolis, Minnesota
b.."7·-~-.f.:................ l9l-/
......
~d..~ Chairman
THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA GRADUATE SCHOOL
Report of Committee on Thesis
The undersigned, acting as a Committee of the Graduate School, have read the accompanying thesis submitted by for the degree of
James Francis Mackell
Laster of Arts.
They approve it as a thesis meeting the requirements of the Graduate School of the University of Minnesota, and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of
~aster
of Arts •
. ~z;;L~---· Chairman
--·---·~·£··~----····· At~ ef2-/ - -· -")"'···'!?:·-·-·!····· ··-·-·-··1 9 1=3-
-··--~----~--- _:...L ______ · -- -~-- W
c
Til '
T
T
• T
itt
u
I.
I
u
I
i
r
t
u t
c
t
t
i
r it
1
• rti
r
t
q
r t
t
•
... . . .···:·· ·.....·: .
71
, 'I
·c
Slll"
c mluctin
n
con
il
t
, rth
t
y
r u on the conduct· em ditim
tl
i
con uctor ,
(
U}On t try
th
win
1
of tl
Hi t ric 1 Intr
COH
to t
COl ucti
lC
f th
ost co
n
of tl
r
i
t r,
y
r f'
fie
t
r
0
u
I
it
t
rt
c
c
1
ti
i n c rt
t
r
f'
r
i
to
t t t r t
t •• tu 1
•
tl
r
n
c
•
ra
it
.
tJ
t
tu
t ('
1 ut
u
r
tl
f 0
t
c
c
u t•
r f
f
in
r
t
c
' ti
o Y•
,. it
r
0
r
h
'
cu
i
f t
itu
f t
rt
10
o Y• T is ch r
ti c
n
t
0
lcctric 1 fi ld. .
cour
n
.
bo y is ] 1
of
t
r t
•
tr
r
f r t t
1
r
·r f
f
tl
•
c ur rt t t tu >
t t
ou
ti
tl t t,
f' th ~
u i
t r t
t
r t
t
ir i f
ct u
0
t 71
4
'u
Jer of i01 s en turin
111
s sho.n i'ro•
\: t.n,
re uc
tJ
ln tJ1·'
.-~.,
th
r
I·
t
10
•
tub" in unl t til e .
the atic· 1 t cory tl
n...u flJt.:r of n tra. ti v
·r
u
t 1c
char ·c on the
O!>i ti v
ions i ns ,
of tl c
to.~.
in~trumm
1['
Ll
tent , ··1 ilc
ns , any ion'!lt by
t · s corrcspon·ls to the
= ;h re v is the s
on tle in.:;i
cif'ic
~croci ty
v lues of' th
th t in tu
of' th
~
1
"r neter, u i
1t
• c n u, 11
r
tivc
efT ct
i ht
Ot"' ti,
JC
J1lay
10
•n
atlc u
otential
f'
irvct
1
easure ent of'
10
•
of'
radient of' 70
olts
~t
n error
cnsiti~
ionic
"c
c
r atcr
of' th uch a
tt r of' this kind •f'fectin
m
nd
ositive t
is of' tl ric
to
ol>viously of ir.t ort
me surm
t osphcric
differ-
i th increas
rror in the c se of' ti•h enor ous . It i
f tlis
f' r th
rent that 11
It i· also
radient,th
f'or
rror sl uld
1.
n i1portunt role in accountin
e exp ctcd to
f'
rfdie t . His c lcul tioPs show
natur lly conclud s t
m db tv-een t
series
escri cs
for' po·itiv• pot nti· 1
ot ntials v uld h con til t
1
of the
ions .
c ·.c of t c instrunent use , t
t \.;;or er {f
·ize
h
to
in
v cr second
Flow of
four CX}JeriPents in whic ~
• !Ie sl o vs
er GCCOll
of' th
In the s,ne paper Professor ,w nn
kno
·yst
t te numb'r v-llich would have enter
tlJsnnc' of the clur e
tli
effect is to
tl e error in tl c nunh lr of ions w lich Jnt r per
I>~J
conJ., ncl
'3
• • •
tl.c it .... tr
lrarm to t w
xc ss of' JOri ti v · ions rhich ar tbn_ t
ttl
n terin
ju~t
Prof~G"'Or
nt·
adc
c
y
lcctricity, 7.19 4m
ohservdtori •s for t
J~riod~
ms. n " of lolln rs sl
1
cxt~ndin"
ull r ,cci v
Pd
ov r rhny years JOst
ti
rchin
~
costin~
in uiry .
Tl , ordinary ·bert ion counter at present on th provi~e~
i.
~rclla - likc
rith a conical ru
l·el. i · f'i x en
1~
t. J cs tl c 11
v 1ich
c Hlr""e
co stjtut
ro J 'ln.v
t
~cs
1' s
01
it
1
r. d1 nt, it it ·e f
1d. an l . c ui
p
ts .
i l
r~stic
P!JCd.r; f' r, ·I thou
IOtcllti· 1
•C
on t
c .r
Jrratus, ---,ot , it is true , ds
1
att r out of th
ortant p. rt in influ ncin
cont i tio1 s as rc t
t
air
o~en
r
JO
1j
ta
C"hi 1
th
o
e
ctr1
~ -+-
r:n
olts . o
.,
n. 1
t
""Y.r; t
• B. o t1c c
can n
t f
r
t
of t
c
t
~r
r
l
r
t
1
t
r o
dr
·· r
y;
t
e
t I
t
,t
1
r t
L
i
±
0
lt
c nry n
i
t fro
c
t
u · r, nt
lt
t
,
tl
t ·n
ti
t
i
qu
t
u. r
n
t
t
r
i
r
t
t
·t , t
s
, r
t
J•i
r
ro
i
t
0
cl1
tru f
r
or four
t
,
ti
f
, A t
t
rr r r
t
i
t
ti
t
t
1
r .
i
t
t•
tl
i
t
r
t
tr
f f
t
r
t
t
t
, i
r
t
•
r
r
fi
r
1 •
in
d~t ~ in
A
furt
C>
s"'u:e t11
nc;
tl
"L
vh~n t'
inc
in the
ncc'rninp.; Upper yst, , " " , for Ae~ativ~ Io s . -Date of Ul s .
tl .Both actin., .'o. slli " l cled .
t.,
-,cc . (
1
'X 1' - 6
1
- ·,r • -
....
i
'
.
~,..,..
'1
(
~(I
I
to t
()
1.-----r to .t~
(i0
t
60 70
to 7