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RESOURCE PROTECTION INTERNATIONAL Fire and Explosion Hazard Management Specialists

Highlights of Experience and Expertise

Resource Protection International Resource Protection International (RPI) is an independent consultancy specialising in Fire and Explosion Hazard Management of oil and petrochemical facilities and other high risk industries. Services offered include: Emergency Planning Facility audits worldwide Fire system design and implementation Fire Testing Fire Training Call off Contracts RPI are proud to have call off contracts with major international oil, gas and petrochemical companies covering all aspects of Fire Hazard Management. In the case of BP and Shell these contracts have been held at corporate level for more than 10 years. Typical contracts delivered under such call off contracts include:Reviews of latest technology Development of in-house standards Fire System design Emergency Planning Audits and Reviews

Development of Industry Guidance LASTFIRE RPI was the Project Coordinator for the LASTFIRE Project, a major international industry study involving, initially, 16 oil companies reviewing the fire risk associated with large open top floating roof tanks. This involved a rigorous collection of incident data and development of risk statistics. It also included a review of Risk Reduction Options, including fire response strategies. A true Fire Hazard Management approach was taken looking at prevention and control measures as well as response options. The document has subsequently become the recognised definitive guidance for designers, operators and responders related to fire issues for such tanks. At the request of BP, Shell and Total, an update project was initiated in 2004 and the scope was extended to include other atmospheric tank construction types. Apart from the main Scope of Work, RPI, under the LASTFIRE project have: Developed a fire test, using research carried out by Mobil as the basis, for foam concentrates specifically aimed at the performance requirements for large tank fires. This test has now been used to evaluate more than 40 foam concentrates and has been introduced as part of a detailed performance based procurement specification by several major companies for their foam concentrate.

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Carried out boilover tests on different crudes under different conditions with a view to better understanding the boilover phenomenon, validating industry fire models and developing more appropriate response strategies. Produced a training video for Rimseal fire response strategies. Developed a site based Workshop for rimseal fire response training involving use of a training ground simulator, on-site response exercises, and foam system testing. Developed a software based Risk Analysis tool to assist in a statistical Cost Benefit Analysis of the provision of fire risk reduction measures for storage tanks. Energy Institute (Previously the Institute of Petroleum) RPI developed the revised Model Code of Safe Practice for Fire Protection of Refineries and Bulk Storage Terminals. This was published in 2007 RPI coordinated the industry input into a study of lightning effects on storage tanks. This project involved experimental work to assess likelihood of damage and consequent ignition from direct lightning strikes. RPI authored the Fire Protection chapter of the EI guidance document in use of ethanol at petroleum distribution installations.

Oil and Gas Producers’ Association RPI, following the oil industry’s recognition that Fire Systems are very often not designed, commissioned, tested and maintained sufficiently to guarantee appropriate performance, were commissioned to develop the guidance document “Fire Systems Integrity Assurance”. This was subsequently published into the public domain by OGP.

Society of International Gas Tanker and Terminal Operators (SIGTTO) RPI were commissioned by SIGTTO to develop the document Fire Hazard management of Gas Tankers and Terminals in order to provide better guidance to designers and operators of LNG and LPG handling facilities. This was published by SIGTTO in 2004. Subsequently RPI have developed and run training courses in LPG/LNG Fire Hazard Management including hands-on response exercises with actual LNG and LPG fires.

Dr Niall Ramsden is Chairman of WG7 revising the Fire Protection aspects of the International Code for the Construction and Equipment of ships carrying Liquefied Gases.

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United Kingdom Offshore Operators Association (UKOOA) RPI developed guidance on all types of Fire and Gas Detection Systems, Passive Fire Protection and Active Fire Protection Systems. This guidance included performance criteria and application advice.

In House Company Standards RPI have developed in house standards and guidance documentation on all aspects of Fire Hazard management for a number of companies including both BP and Shell at corporate level.

Rotterdam Unified Fire Brigade RPI regularly carry out storage tank fire hazard management audits as described above. In addition RPI were contracted to develop an audit methodology on behalf of Rotterdam Europoort Unified Fire Brigade along with associated technical guidance. It is the intention to use this methodology as the basis for legislative requirements. The methodology allowed the appropriate levels of fire risk reduction to be achieved by a combination of measures but without the imposition of prescriptive measures being applied.

Major Incident Response Unit Package “Needs Analyses” and Development RPI have carried out risk based analyses to determine whether or not the provision of resources to manage full surface fires is practical and cost effective for a number of companies. Where it has been justified RPI have continued the project through to specification and implementation involving factory acceptance testing, commissioning and training as appropriate. Examples of where this has been done include:i) Cost Benefit Analyses BP, Grangemouth Refinery, UK BP, Algeria Unified Fire Team Rotterdam Europoort Ceyhan Terminal, BTC pipeline Total Refinery, Milford Haven, UK BP Finnart Tank Farm, UK Nexen, Yemen ZADCO UAE KNPC Kuwait Of particular note are two CBA exercises carried out on a “corporate” basis for two international companies. The LASTFIRE Risk Workbook approach was used to demonstrate the justification for developing a strategic resource to respond to major incidents at any of the companies’ premises throughout Northern Europe and the UK. These exercises included outline specification of the packages required, response times and manning levels.

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ii) Implementation RPI have carried the CBA exercises through to implementation via detailed specification, factory testing, commissioning, deployment planning and training for the following companiesSPDC, Nigeria BTC, Ceyhan Terminal BP Coryton (Current Project- now Petroplus) Total Milford Haven (Current Project – now Murphy Oil) This work has included testing of firewater ringmain, hydraulic analysis and design of necessary upgrades to ringmain in some cases. In other cases it has involved the specification of a completely mobile water pumping capability.

Scene from commissioning of the large monitor package, Ceyhan terminal 2005

Incident Experience RPI personnel have had experience of responding to and managing tank related incidents in previous roles. RPI were called in as tank fire Buncefield experts at the terminal incident (December 2005) to give advice on foam application, foam logistics and attack strategies. RPI personnel attended the incident for a total of more than 36 hours of its 3 day duration.

Buncefield Terminal Incident - December 2005

As part of Fire Brigade Management work RPI has responded to incidents related to process areas and associated infrastructure. This has included a major pipeline fire on the BTC pipeline.

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Storage Terminal Audits RPI have carried out numerous terminal audits for a number of companies including BP, Exxon Mobil, Shell, BP TNK, Q8, Texaco, Vopak, Sasol, Zadco, QP and Nexen. These have taken place in a number of countries including UK, Netherlands, France, Germany, Italy, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Belgium, Hong Kong, UAE, Kuwait, China, Russia, Lithuania, Estonia, Turkey, Croatia, India, Kazakhstan, Ghana and many more. Thus RPI is familiar with practices around the world and in different operating conditions. LNG Related Work RPI have developed and run LNG Hazard Awareness Workshops. These have included “hands-on” demonstrations of vapour control and fire fighting. Courses have been run on behalf of SIGTTO, BP, ExxonMobil and South Hook. RPI produced the BP LNG Handbook which includes comprehensive guidance on hazard control and Fire Hazard Management as well as data and information on LNG characteristics. International Standards Dr. Niall Ramsden, Director of RPI is a full voting member of both the USA based National Fire Protection Association and the European based EN standards writing committees on foam systems. He is the only person to serve on both so is familiar with the latest industry practices on the subject of storage tank fire fighting. He has also served on British Standards committees developing Dry Chemical System Standards.

Storage Tank Fire Hazard Management and Fire Systems Integrity Assurance Seminars RPI have directed numerous seminars on the subject of storage tank fire hazard management and Fire Systems Integrity Assurance on an international basis. These have been held both as open and in-house events. Representatives of more than 70 companies have attended them. In-house seminars have been held for:Shell USA Shell International BP Trinidad Petronas, Malaysia Petron, Phillippines BAPCO, Bahrain

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Emergency Planning For Major Incidents RPI have developed a Emergency Response Preplan format for major incidents including storage tank fires that has been adopted by a number of companies. It has also been accepted by regulatory authorities in Europe and elsewhere.

Fire System Design RPI have carried out numerous detailed fire system designs for storage tank detection and protection systems. This, of course, is carried out on a totally independent basis and has been carried through to installation supervision, commissioning, O and M manual development, testing and training. Companies for which this has been done include:Shell UK BP Trinidad BP Sharjah Ecopetrol, Colombia Nexen, Yemen Total, UK

Fire Brigade Management RPI have managed Industrial Fire Brigades, developing local personnel to latest standards, for Shell Gabon and BTC Ceyhan Terminal, Turkey.

Major Exercises RPI have conducted or witnessed major incident exercises for a number of companies including:BP - Algeria, Egypt, UK, Trinidad, Venezuela PDO, Oman Total, UK Shell – Nigeria, Gabon, Brunei Petronas, Malaysia Qatar Petroleum Ecopetrol, Colombia SASOL South Africa The exercises have included scenario development, Exercise Workbook preparation, Exercise Management, Debriefing and Implementation of any recommendations resulting from the exercise. Scenarios have included toxic chemical release, flammable gas cloud formation, tank fires, process area fires and unignited spills. Facilities have included jetties, tankage and process areas. Most of the exercises have included role players, inclusion of external Emergency Services and media response.

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Scenes from Emergency exercises by RPI Expert Witness RPI have acted as Expert Witness in cases involving Emergency Planning and fire system design. In particular this has included review of design specifications, operational practices and failure analysis of foam, waterspray and CO2 systems. It has also included review of interpretation of Fire hazard Management practices in tank and process area protection and their appropriateness to the site specific risk. RPI’s in depth knowledge of standards and their worldwide experience provides an excellent background for such work. Incident Reviews RPI have been contracted by companies to review tank and process fire incidents and assess causes and response in a number of cases in U.K., U.S.A, Gabon, Japan and Trinidad.

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