Physics Spring Final Study Guide

Physics Spring Final Study Guide 1. The gravitational potential energy that is possessed by an object is dependent on the object’s: a. acceleration b...
Author: Edmund Hensley
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Physics Spring Final Study Guide 1.

The gravitational potential energy that is possessed by an object is dependent on the object’s: a. acceleration b. momentum c. position d. speed e. elastic potential energy

2.

As a ball falls freely toward the ground, the sum of its kinetic and gravitational potential energy: a. decreases b. increases c. remains the same

3.

A spring with a spring constant of 4.0 N/m is compressed by a force of 1.2 N. What is the elastic potential energy stored in this compressed spring? a. 0.18 J b. 0.36 J c. 0.60 J d. 4.8 J e. 5.9J

4.

The work done in lifting a 1 kg apple one meter near the Earth’s surface is approximately: a. 0.01 J b. 1 J c. 10 J d. 100 J e. 1000 J

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

5.

A railroad car of mass m is moving with speed v when it collides with and connects to a second railroad car of mass 3m, initially at rest, as shown below. How do the speed and kinetic energy of the connected cars compare to those of the single car of mass m before the collision?

a. b. c. d. e.

6.

Speed Less Less The same The same Greater

Kinetic Energy Less The same Less The same The same

Which of the following is true of the conservation of momentum and kinetic energy? a. Momentum is conserved only in inelastic collisions b. Momentum is conserved only in elastic collisions c. Kinetic energy is conserved only in inelastic collisions d. Kinetic energy is conserved only in elastic collisions e. Both require the same conditions in order to be conserved

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

7.

A block of mass 3 kg slides along a horizontal surface that has negligible friction except for one section, as shown below. The block arrives at the rough section with a speed of 5 m/s and leaves it 0.5 s later with a speed of 3 m/s. What is the magnitude of the work done by the frictional force exerted on the block by the rough section of the surface?

a. b. c. d. e.

8.

24 J 16 J 8J 6J 3J

In problem #7 above, what is the magnitude of the frictional force exerted on the block by the rough section of the surface? a. 30 N b. 12 N c. 4.5 N d. 4 N e. 3 N

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

9.

A block released from rest at position A slides with negligible friction down an inclined track, around a vertical loop, and then along a horizontal portion of the track as shown below. The block never leaves the track. After the block is released, in which of the following sequences of positions is the speed of the block ordered from fastest to slowest?

a. b. c. d. e.

10.

B B D E E

C E C B D

D C E C C

E D B D B

Refer to the situation in problem #9 above. Which of the following is true of the net force on the block when it is at position C? a. It is directed vertically downward b. It is directed vertically upward only c. It is directed to the left only d. It is directed to the right only e. It has components both to the left and vertically downward

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

11.

A person throws a marble straight up into the air, releasing it a short height above the ground and catching it at that same height. If air resistance is negligible, which of the following graphs of position y versus time t is correct for the motion of the marble as it goes up and then comes down?

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

Sample Free Response Questions (FRQs) Sample FRQ 1: Momentum and Kinematics Model (2D)

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

Sample FRQ 2: Momentum and Energy

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

Sample FRQ 3: Kinematics and Momentum

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

Sample FRQ 4: Energy and Momentum

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

Sample FRQ 5: Momentum / Kinematics

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

Study Guide Key 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

C C A C A D A B B E B

Definition of Gravitational Potential Energy Conservation of Energy Spring potential energy Gravitational potential energy Conservation of Momentum / Definition of Kinetic Energy Conservation of Momentum & Elastic vs. Inelastic Collisions W = change in kinetic energy W=Fd, use kinematics to find d Conservation of Energy Centripetal Force Kinematics

FRQ 1 Solution a. Impulse = 12 Ns b. vhorizontal = 2.4 m/s ci. vafter = 2 m/s cii. To the right d. Change in K = Kfinal – Kinitial = 154 J e. Distance between two objects = 0.2 m (xblock = 1.2 m, xcube = 1m)

FRQ 2 Solution a. PEspring = 50 J b. vc = 4.58 m/s c. vfinal = 3.05 m/s d. d = 1.16 m

FRQ 3 Solution a. ttotal = 3.6 s bi. vAfinal = 1.2 m/s bii. To the right c. The collision is NOT elastic (Kinitial = 3125 J, Kfinal = 2484 J; loss of kinetic energy)

Physics Spring Final Review Guide

FRQ 4 Solution a.

3.5 2 v 02 1 2 Mgh = M ( 3.5v 0 ) , therefore, h = 2 g 2

b.

v = 0.5 v0

c.

μ=

d.

The collision is inelastic; there is a loss of kinetic energy ( K = 3Mv 02 )

2v 02 Dg

FRQ 5 Solution a. v2after = 0.5 m/s, to the right b. m = 3.1 kg c. a = -0.73 m/s2 d. dtotal = 5.5 m e. h = 0.12 m

Physics Spring Final Review Guide