1st
U CONJ
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
GATIO
N
SINGULAR
1ST PERSON 2ND PERSON 3RD PERSON
Conjugating Verbs
in the pluperfect tense
amāveram I had loved amāverās you had loved amāverat he, she, it had loved
Latin verbs change their endings to show five things: number (singular or plural) person (1st, 2nd, or 3rd) tense (present, imperfect, future, perfect, pluperfect, or future perfect) mood (indicative, subjective, or imperative) and voice (active or passive)
PLURAL 1ST PERSON 2ND PERSON 3RD PERSON
amāverāmus we had loved amāverātis you had loved amāverant they had loved
Whew! You can learn all of that information from the ending of the verb. Here’s how it works:
STEP 1: FIND THE STEM - The Pluperfect Tense is built off of the Perfect stem which is found in the 3rd Principle part. You will always find “-ī” at the end of the 3rd principle part. Drop that ending to find the stem for the remaining forms of the pluperfect tense. You can ignore the 1st, 2nd and 4th principle parts in the pluperfect tense.
1st 2nd 3rd 4th e l p i c n 4 pri amō, amāre, amāvī, amātum parts DROP ENDING TO FORM THE PERFECT STEM
1ST PERSON, SINGULAR, PRESENT, INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PRESENT INFINITIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE
“eram”-1st singular, “erās” - 2nd singular, “erat” - 3rd singular, “erāmus” - 1st plural, “erātis” - 2nd plural, “erant” STEP 2: ADD THE ENDING - The pluperfect tense uses the imperfect forms of the verb sum:
- 3rd plural. Add them to the stem and the conjugation sign, and you’ve built your verb!
3rd Person Plural:
amāv + STEP 1: VERB STEM
erant
=
STEP 2: PERSONAL ENDING www.familystyleschooling.com
amāverant CONJUGATED VERB
1st CONJUGATION
DROP ENDING TO FORM THE PERFECT STEM
orō,
PRESENT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
orāre,
orāvī,
PRESENT INFINITIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
orātus PERFECT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
Singular 1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
orāveram
orāv
1ST PERSON
I had prayed 2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
orāverās
orāv
3RD PERSON
3RD PERSON
orāverat
orāv
you had prayed
__ ____ _________
__ had prayed
he, she, it had prayed
2ND PERSON
____ ____ _________
___ had prayed 3RD PERSON
___, ___, ___ ____ _____
___, ___, ___ had prayed
Plural 1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
orāverāmus
orāv
2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
orāverātis
orāv
3RD PERSON
3RD PERSON
orāverant
orāv
we had prayed
you had prayed
they had prayed
1ST PERSON
___ ____ _________
___ had prayed 2ND PERSON
_____ ____ _________
___ had prayed 3RD PERSON
____ had prayed
www.familystyleschooling.com
______ ____ __________
1st CONJUGATION
DROP ENDING TO FORM THE PERFECT STEM
laudō, laudāre, laudāvī, laudātus PRESENT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PRESENT INFINITIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
Singular 1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
laudāveram
laudāv
I had praised 2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
laudāverās
laudāv
3RD PERSON
3RD PERSON
laudāverat
laudāv
you had praised
__ ______ ___________
__ had praised
he, she, it had praised
____ ______ ____________
___ had praised 3RD PERSON
___, ___, ___ ______ __________
___, ___, ___ had praised
Plural 1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
laudāverāmus laudāv we had praised
2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
laudāverātis
laudāv
3RD PERSON
3RD PERSON
laudāverant
laudāv
you had praised
they had praised
1ST PERSON
__ ______ _______________
___ had praised 2ND PERSON
____ ______ _________
___ had praised 3RD PERSON
____ had praised
www.familystyleschooling.com
______ ______ ___________
1st CONJUGATION
DROP ENDING TO FORM THE PERFECT STEM
vocō, vocāre, vocāvī, vocātus PRESENT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PRESENT INFINITIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
Singular 1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
vocāveram
vocāv
I had called 2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
vocāverās
vocāv
3RD PERSON
3RD PERSON
vocāverat
vocāv
you had called
__ ____ ____________
__ had called
he, she, it had called
___ ____ ___________
___ had called 3RD PERSON
___, ___, ___ ____ _________
___, ___, ___ had called
Plural 1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
vocāverāmus
vocāv
2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
vocāverātis
vocāv
3RD PERSON
3RD PERSON
vocāverant
vocāv
we had called
you had called
they had called
1ST PERSON
___ ____ ____________
___ had called 2ND PERSON
____ ____ ____________
___ had called 3RD PERSON
____ had called
www.familystyleschooling.com
______ ____ ___________
DROP ENDING TO FORM THE PERFECT STEM
1st CONJUGATION
parō, parāre, parāvī, parātus
PRESENT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PRESENT INFINITIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
Singular 1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
parāveram
parāv
I had prepared 2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
parāverās
parāv
3RD PERSON
3RD PERSON
parāverat
parāv
you had prepared
__ ____ ____________
__ had prepared
he, she, it had prepared
____ ____ ______________
___ had prepared 3RD PERSON
___, ___, ___ ____ ___________
___, ___, ___ had prepared
Plural 1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
parāverāmus
parāv
2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
parāverātis
parāv
3RD PERSON
3RD PERSON
parāverant
parāv
we had prepared
you had prepared
they had prepared
1ST PERSON
__ ____ _________
___ had prepared 2ND PERSON
____ ____ ___________
___ had prepared 3RD PERSON
____ had prepared
www.familystyleschooling.com
______ ____ _________
DROP ENDING TO FORM THE PERFECT STEM
1st CONJUGATION
explōrō, explōrāre, explōrāvī, explōrātus PRESENT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PRESENT INFINITIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
PERFECT PARTICIPLE PASSIVE
PLUPERFECT INDICATIVE ACTIVE
Singular 1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
explōrāveram
explōrāv
I had found out 2ND PERSON
__ ____ ____________ ________
__ had found out
2ND PERSON
2ND PERSON
explōrāverās explōrāv you had found out 3RD PERSON
3RD PERSON
explōrāverat
explōrāv
he, she, it had found out
____ ____ _________ ______
___ had found out
3RD PERSON
___, ___, ___ had found out
___, ___, ___ ____ ________ _____
Plural 1ST PERSON
1ST PERSON
explōrāverāmus
explōrāv
we had found out 2ND PERSON
1ST PERSON
2ND PERSON
explōrāverātis explōrāv you had found out 3RD PERSON
3RD PERSON
explōrāverant
explōrāv
they had found out
__ ____ ____________ ________
___ had found out
2ND PERSON
___ had found out
_____ ____ ____________ ________ 3RD PERSON
____ had found out www.familystyleschooling.com
________ ____ ____________ ________
