Exam II- Marine Biology Chapters 5-7 (part) Please fill in your answers on your Scantron sheet. You may write on this exam if you wish. Read carefully and ask questions if you have them. 1. Prokaryotes include which one of the following? A. Protozoans B. Unicellular algae C. Bacteria D. Protozoans and unicellular algae E. Bacteria and fungi 2. Diatoms are mostly A. heterotrophs. B. planktonic. C. multicellular. D. prokaryotic. 3. Red tides are caused mostly by A. diatoms. B. foraminifera. C. dinoflagellates. D. red seaweeds. E. radiolarians. 4. The root-like, anchoring structure of many seaweeds is called the A. blade. B. pneumatocyst. C. thallus. D. holdfast. E. stipe. 5. Primary producers are found in the A. bathypelagic zone B. epipelagic zone C. mesopelagic zone D. aphotic zone 6. The most complex and largest of all the seaweeds is included among which one of these groups? A. Green algae B. Brown algae C. Coralline red algae D. Calcareous green algae E. Red algae 1

7. All cnidarians share all of these features except which one? A. Nematocysts B. Multicellular C. Radial symmetry D. Complete digestive tract with mouth and anus E. Marine and fresh-water

8. The physical trait most responsible for a nematode’s need to undergo ecdysis is: A. a complete gut B. their muscular foot C.

9. The development of bilateral symmetry in invertebrates has particularly influenced the evolution of a more complex A. digestive system. B. reproductive system. C. skeleton. D. mouth. E. nervous system. 10. Flatworms are characterized by having A. radial symmetry. B. a central nervous system. C. tentacles used for filter feeding. D. nematocysts. E. a complete digestive tract. 11. The stem-like structure of seaweeds, such as kelp, is called the A. blade. B. pneumatocyst. C. stipe. D. holdfast. 12. The trocophore is a A. defensive structure. B. larval form. C. planktonic cnidarian. D. feeding structure. E. filter-feeding worm.

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13. Nudibranchs are members of which group of molluscs? A. Cephalopods B. Chitons C. Bivalves D. Gastropods E. Tusk shells 14. Organisms having a shell made of silica (SiO2) are A. foramifiera. B. stromatolites. C. cyanobacteria. D. diatoms. E. ciliates. 15. Phytoplankton populations are most abundant in the A. photic zone B. deep sea C. benthic environment D. aphotic zone 16. Herbivorous zooplankters that consume phytoplankton are referred to as A. grazers B. mowers C. cell eaters D. croppers 17. Comb jellies are A. similar to a cnidarian polyp. B. distinguished by eight bands of cilia. C. colonial animals. D. carnivores that use nematocysts to capture prey. 18. The microbial loop mainly occurs: A. on the sediments B. in the deep sea C. near the surface D. in the southern hemishpere 19. True or false? Holdfasts and roots are functionally the same. 20. Which of the following is not a member of the phylum Platyhelminthes? A. fluke B. tapeworm C. flatworm D. roundworm

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21. The rasping tongue-like organ common to many mollusks is a A. rasp B. file C. radula D. proboscis 22. What is the function of the lophophore? A. feeding B. reproduction C. respiration D. a and b E. a and c 23. Most of the important photosynthesizers in the ocean fall into which category? A. picoplankton B. ultraplankton C. nanoplankton D. macroplankton 24. In most algae, the _____________ is diploid and the ____________ is haploid. A. Gametophyte; Archaophyte B. Sporophyte; Gametophyte C. Archaophyte; Gametophyte D. Gametophyte; Sporophyte 25. Dinoflagellates that live in association with reef-building corals and other animals are known as A. zooxanthellae. B. zooplankton. C. silicoflagellates. D. bioluminescent dinoflagellates. E. cryptomonads. 26. All sponges share which one of these features? A. they are marine B. reproduce by asexual reproduction only C. simple nervous system D. nematocysts E. multicellular 27. The total amount of organic material produced in the sea by photosynthesis is the A. net primary productivity B. gross primary productivity C. standing crop D. photosynthetic rate

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28. The most complex and largest of all the seaweeds is included among which one of these groups? A. Green algae B. Brown algae C. Coralline red algae D. Calcareous green algae E. Red algae 29. True or false? Holdfasts and roots are functionally exactly the same. 30. Which of the following does not show strong cephalization? A. squid B. snail C. jellyfish D. shark E. flatworm 31. True or false? All snails have a shell. 32. An key component of the microbial food web is A. zooplankton B. large phytoplankton C. dissolved organic matter D. dead organic matter 33. What “innovation” was first seen in the sponges? A. Muscle tissue B. Asexual reproduction C. Ssimple but complete nervous system D. Nematocysts E. Multicellular 34. Which of the following are not correctly paired? A. Class Gastropoda - mussels B. Class Bivalvia - oysters C. Class Polyplacophora - chitons D. Class Cephalopoda – octopus 35. A true internal body cavity is called a A. gut B. blastocoel C. coelom D. pseudocoelom

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36. The incompressible fluids inside the body of many organisms function as a A. hydrostatic skeleton B. depository for waste products C. energy storage D. a source of stem cells 37. Algae that live attached to other marine plants are called A. parasites B. spores C. haptera D. epiphytes 38. The function of the pneumatocysts of some species of algae is A. to anchor in soft sediments B. to produce of gametes C. to lift the blades to the surface D. production of seeds 39. All of the following have bilateral symmetry except A. larval echinoderms B. flatworms C. tunicates D. sea anemones 40. How many hours did you study? (answer truthfully, all answers get credit) A. 0-4 B. 4-6 C. 6-10 D. 10-12 E. 12+

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