A sustainable building. Myths and reality.
20 Nov. 2014 Building Technology Development Centre
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A sustainable building. Myths and reality. Questions to be answered
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What is sustainable building?
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What sustainable building myths do we have nowadays?
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What global realities and challenges do we face nowadays?
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What should we do to tackle global challenges?
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What is sustainable building? Three main pillars of sustainability
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Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Brundtland Commission, 1987)
Sustainability ENV
SOC
ECO
Accordingly, sustainable building should address namely social, environmental and economic aspects, while at the same time meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs
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What is sustainable building? Sustainability position and standards
Sustainability ENV
SOC
ECO
Commercial EAS CEN/TC350 EuroCodes
Technical requirements Functional requirements
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What is sustainable building? CEN/TC 350 Sustainability of Construction Works
Commercial EAS EAS
EPD
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What sustainable building myths do we have nowadays?
• • •
Sustainable building is expensive Sustainable building does not deliver added value Sustainable building is not required by the market
...but before clarifying the myths WHAT GLOBAL CHALLENGES DO WE FACE NOWADAYS? Sustainability
ENV
SOC
ECO
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What global challenges do we face nowadays? Environment
ENV
Natural hazards
Overconsumption
Water
Waste
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Pollution/ GHG
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Natural hazards ENV
• Natural hazards (earth-quakes, hurricanes, tsunamis, wildfires etc.) are underestimated, and sometimes can result to very expensive manmade mistakes Natural hazards
• We should spend more time in planning and early design phase (through integrated design approach) in order to well estimate the risks as well as save the total building costs • Use robust building structures (hardwearing, not vulnerable, easy maintainable/ washable, withstanding solar radiation, water (rain, flood), wind, fire etc.
Source: BREEAM
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Water ENV
• Drinking water is limited • Use water with care during building’s construction – In factories – On site
Water
• Use water with care during building’s operation – Saving features – Leak detection – Use of rain water etc.
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Overconsumption ENV
• Globaly, we are consuming more than we have • Importance of materials is increasing and may surpass energy Overconsumption
• Use primary materials with care Environmental Index of Buildings (MIG) Building regulation level 1%
MIG240
83%
Environmental Index of Buildings (MIG) “High Tech” level
Environmental Index of Buildings (MIG) 0-energy level 0%
2%
16%
50%
100%
48%
MIG500
Source: http://www.nibe.org/assets/images/content/user/files/0-materialen 1% %20(NIBE).pdf
MIG1000 LEGEND
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Material
Energy
Water 10
What should we do to tackle global challenges? Waste ENV
• Importance of materials, their use, reuse and recycling from environmental impact point of view is increasing • Follow the principle of Waste hierarchy
Waste
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Pollution/ GHG ENV
• Consider environmental impacts of whole building’s life cycle, e.g. eCO2 + oCO2 • Environmental impact or prevention costs are determined and considered
Pollution/ GHG
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Source: Stichting Bouwkwaliteit , 01-11-2011” Bepalingsmethode Milieuprestatie Gebouwen en GWW-werken”
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What global challenges do we face nowadays? Economic
ECO
Responsible business
Performance
Energy
Financial crisis
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Too focused on CAPEX
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Responsible business ECO
• Key of sustainable building is fair, transparant and responsbile business • Products and raw materials for construction have to have a responsible source, i.e.
Responsible business
– all transport, extraction and production processes in the supply chain have to minimize their damage to the environment – treat people involved fairly by described, transparent and verifiable data
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Energy ECO
• Buildings account for almost 40% of all energy related GHG emissions • Minimise the use of energy and increase the share of renewables. If fossil energy is used, use it with precision • Use systems and constructions supporting the use of renewables
Energy
EU 20-20-20 policy Directive 2010/31/EU
– Low temperature heating, high temperature cooling systems – Solar integration into building products
• Use reliable, durable passive systems – Passive cooling (thermal mass) – Solar shading, etc. Building Technology Development Centre
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Performance
• Building sector lack of evidence/ as designed building performance • Recognise and encourage an appropriate level of building commissioning that is carried out in a co-ordinated and comprehensive manner, thus ensuring optimum performance under actual occupancy conditions
Source: TermoDeck
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ECO
Performance
Source: Tàdo
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Financial crisis ECO
• Financial crisis is good time to change, start doing things differently • ...including the public sector too – Support the innovation by subsidies and other means – Show good examples, be first ones implementing innovative projects
Financial crisis
• Accordingly, most public building projects should include certain amount of innovative features • This would stimulate industry to innovate new technologies, which accordingly would – Create jobs – Place country in a better competitive position – Create wealth and long-term growth Building Technology Development Centre
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Too focused on CAPEX (Capital Expenditures/ Investment) ECO
• Commonly too much focus on low initial price results to poor quality building • Consider total life cycle costs (LCC) – – – – –
Too focused on CAPEX
Building material and Construction Operation Maintenance Demolition Etc.
• LCC is good tool when choosing between refurbishment and rebuilding Source: TermoDeck – See all major benefits of rebuilding in the next slide Building Technology Development Centre
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Too focused on CAPEX (consider LCC) ECO
• Considering re-building instead of refurbishing allows – Getting a real solution, not a mere band-aid Too focused on CAPEX – Improving social integration – Taking advantage of modern technologies and systems – Getting the most cost-effective solution for the long term – Increasing competitiveness through innovation in sustainable construction Source: BIBM “Drivers for a responsible choice”) (European policy “Lead Market Initiative”) Building Technology Development Centre
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What global challenges do we face nowadays? Social
SOC
Health
Knowledge
Population
Affordability
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Comfort
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Knowledge SOC
• There is lack of knowledge how to build sustainable buildings • True sustainable development is still considered by many to be too hard or too expensive (usually because of resistance to change or lack of understanding), the vast majority of projects are designed to meet minimum requirements only
Knowledge
• The challenge is how to penetrate every-day projects with sustainability principles (which as “everything should be made as simple as possible but not simpler”) Source: http://benpadley.com/2011/08/24/keep-it-simple-stupid/
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Health SOC
• We spend up to 90% of our time indoors • Buildings become more insulated and air-tight Health
• Thus, use non-toxic, non-hazardous materials
Source: www.asiagreenbuildings.com
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Population SOC
• World population is significantly increasing (already >7 billion) • Sustainable buildings must therefore – support a healthy economy, – maximise the efficient use of resources and energy, and most importantly – provide quality of life and offer flexibility to cater for user changes in the future
• …therefore we should consider building flexible and adaptable buildings in order we could meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs Building Technology Development Centre
Population
Source: VBI
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Affordability SOC
• Affordable buildings are needed • Provide simple solutions/ details (KISS principle) • Passive house in Vara (SE) just with 5% extra costs but much lower energy bill
Affordability
Source: Strangbetong
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What should we do to tackle global challenges? Comfort SOC
• Occupant (human asset) productivity of any office enterprise is 90% or more of the costs of doing business • Thus, provide high visual, thermal and acoustic comfort • Consider thermal comfort – operative temperature, instead of air temperature only
• Do not forget considering thermal mass, which helps increasing health & thermal comfort – No drought – Even temperature distribution – No dust
Source: Cythemadim
Reduced productivity (%)
– Air temperature – Air velocity – Mean surface radiant temperature
Comfort
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Indoor temperature (˚C) 25
Breaking the myths Sustainable building is expensive
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What does economic sustainability means? – The use of various strategies for employing existing resources optimally so that a responsible and beneficial balance can be achieved over the longer term (www.businessdictionary.com)
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How much return/ profit can be expected by a business, which is done in a sustainable way? – Sustainable business implies that there are reasonable profits on a medium/ longer time scale Profitability =
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Output Input
Investment in sustainable building offers a long term return over the whole life time of the building, providing – minimized life cycle costs – saved climate and resources – and many other sustainable benefits Building Technology Development Centre
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Breaking the myths Sustainable building is expensive
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“Expensive" is a relative term. Expensive today loses meaning when life-cycle costs are considered Sustainable building designs reduce environmental costs, energy costs, labour costs, medical costs etc. etc. Developers and investors are adopting their financial analysis models in order to reflect the risks associated with poor energy performance
EPC
Theoretical consumption
Rate of nonrecovery of rents
Following refurbishment
Discount of resale value after 50 years
A B C D E F G
0-50 kWh/m².a 51-90 kWh/m².a 91-150 kWh/m².a 151-250 kWh/m².a 251-350 kWh/m².a 351-450 kWh/m².a > 450 kWh/m².a
1.00% 1.50% 2.00% 2.50% 3.00% 3.50% 4.00%
30 years 28 years 26 years 24 years 22 years 20 years 18 years
20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%
Source: ICF Group
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Breaking the myths Sustainable building is expensive
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Economical impact costs should be considered and addressed based on wholelife cycle costs (LCC)
Conventional Sustainable building building
– Purchase (initial investment), use (energy, maintenance, replacement), disposal etc.
In addition, sustainable building may consider and include
CO2
– Whole-life Environmental impact costs (LCA) • • • •
Global warming potential (GWP) Depletion of abiotic resources-elements (ADP) Depletion of abiotic resources-fossil fuels (MJ) Other (ODP, AP, POCP)
Costs
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Occupant productivity
Disposal
Occupant productiv. CO2 Disposal Use
Use
– Whole-life Social impact costs • due to reduced productivity (lack of thermal, acoustic, visual comfort etc.)
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Purchase Purchase
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Breaking the myths Sustainable building does not deliver added value
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Sustainable building does deliver added value – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –
better indoor air quality better productivity better comfort improved occupancy rates longer life span less materials more aesthetically pleasing better image higher rents and resale value (reduced depreciation) higher cash flow (sold faster) improved marketability more competitiveness lower upgrading costs reduced operating costs etc. etc. etc. Building Technology Development Centre
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Breaking the myths Sustainable building is not asked by the market
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Sustainable building is increasing year by year…
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Breaking the myths Sustainable building is not asked by the market
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Sustainable building is increasing year by year…
Certified New Commercial Buildings in Europe 2009/2010 Status May 2011
Registered for Certification New Commercial Buildings in Europe 2009/2010 Status May 2011
Source: RICS ‘Going for Green’ Sustainable Building Certification Statistics Europe – May 2011
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Breaking the myths Sustainable building is not asked by the market
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Sustainable building is increasing year by year…
Source: http://www.dgnb-system.de/en/projects/
Source: http://www.hegra.org/EDS%20INDEPENDENT%20VOICE/EDS%20INDEPENDENT %20VOICE%206.html
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A sustainable building. Myths and reality. Thank you for your attention
Want to know more? Contact CONSOLIS! Your partner for a unique and sustainable building! www.consolis.com
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