2016. Type 1 VS Type 2: What Healthcare Providers Need to Know. Diabetes Statistics. Type 1. Type 1 Diabetes
9/30/2016
Diabetes Statistics • 1.4 million Americans diagnosed yearly-Type 2 • Diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death in US • About 208,000 Amer...
Diabetes Statistics • 1.4 million Americans diagnosed yearly-Type 2 • Diabetes is the 7th leading cause of death in US • About 208,000 Americans under 20 diagnosed yearly with Type 1( 1:300) • $245 Billion total cost of diabetes in US
Type 1 VS Type 2: What Healthcare Providers Need to Know
Debbie Belknap RN, BSN, CDE, CPT
Spokane County EMS
Type 1
• Usually diagnosed in children and young adults: 53 % under age 30 • It is an autoimmune disease • Previously known as “Juvenile Diabetes” • Can occur at any point in life span
Type 1 Diabetes • • • •
Immune system destroys cells that make insulin Person makes little to no insulin Always requires insulin therapy Insulin is a hormone made by beta cells in the pancreas
1
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Signs and Symptoms
• • • •
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Extreme thirst and urination Weight loss Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting DKA
Type 1 ½?
• • • • •
Signs and Symptoms
LADA Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adulthood Half of all Type 1 develops after age 30 Slower onset than Type 1 Present like Type 2, fail orals quickly
Blurred vision Hunger Bed wetting Mental status changes
Type 2 Diabetes • Your body makes some insulin, but not enough or does not use it properly • Can be treated with: – meal planning – exercise – pills – insulin
2
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Type 2 Diabetes
• • • •
Used to be called “Old Age Onset” Diabetes The more common form of diabetes Mostly now lifestyle driven Exploding around the world
Increased thirst and urination Feeling tired Blurred vision Dry skin Some have NO symptoms
Hypoglycemia
• Needs immediate attention/can be life threatening • Risk: brain cells permanently damaged or killed due to lack of glucose. • Particularly life threatening in elderly • Defined as blood glucose level