“Determined to succeed, together”

Engineered Treatment Systems UV Disinfection

Jon McClean, President ETS LLC Tom Kruzick , Gasvoda /

“Determined to succeed, together”

Presentation Outline • • • • • •

Company UV Disinfection Design Requirements ETS Equipment Direct Potable Reuse Advantages to Closed Vessel UV

“Determined to succeed, together”

“Determined to succeed, together”

“Determined to succeed, together”

UV Disinfection

“Determined to succeed, together”

“Determined to succeed, together”

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Primary Disinfection Range (UVC) = 200 to 280 nm

“Determined to succeed, together”

How is UV Light Generated?

ELEKTRODE +

ELECTRODE +

ELEKTRODE -

ELECTRODE -

Voltage is applied across the electrode, exciting the mercury to create UV

“Determined to succeed, together”

What Does UV Do? Disinfection • Photons absorbed by DNA in microorganisms lead to inactivation (inability to replicate) by altering of thymine base units in the DNA

Photolysis • Photons of UV light absorbed by molecules such as chloramines or NDMA lead to chemical change, resulting in their destruction

“Determined to succeed, together”

UV Effect to DNA UV photons are absorbed by the DNA of a microorganism, damaging the DNA by causing thymine base units to bond with each other rather than across the “ladder”, causing a bulge in the DNA. The distorted DNA can not function properly (it is prevented from replicating)

“Determined to succeed, together”

UV Lamp Types • Low Pressure (40W–80W) • Low Pressure High Output (Amalgam) (100W–1,000W) • Medium Pressure (400W–25,000W)

“Determined to succeed, together”

Spectral Output of UV Lamps Spectral Emittance (rel)

16 Disinfection Range

Medium Pressure Lamp

12

8 Low Pressure Lamp (254 nm)

4

0 200

250

300

wavelength / nm

350

400

“Determined to succeed, together”

Lamp Comparison Low Pressure

Low Pressure High Output

Medium Pressure

Lamp Power (W)

40 to 80

100 to 1,000

400 to 25,000

Efficiency (%)

35 to 40

30 to 35

10 to 15

8,000 to 14,000

8,000 to 14,000

3,000 to 8,000

110

110

1500

Monochromatic

Monochromatic

Polychromatic

60

> 60

Any

Lamp Life (hrs) Lamp Surface Temperature (F) Wavelengths Efficiency vs. Water Temp. (F)

“Determined to succeed, together”

Design Requirements

“Determined to succeed, together”

Required Parameters • Flowrate • Water Quality (transmittance, TSS, metal concentrations) • Required Disinfection (dose/log reduction) • Plant Hydraulics • Redundancy Requirements

“Determined to succeed, together”

UV Transmittance

High Transmittance

Low Transmittance

“Determined to succeed, together”

Typical UV Transmittance Values Water Source

Transmittance (T10%)

Ultrapure Water

100%

Distilled Water

98%

Drinking Water

85-95%

Membrane (WW)

70-80%

Secondary Filtered

65-70%

Secondary Unfiltered

50-65%

Meat Brine, Soft Drinks

0%

“Determined to succeed, together”

Total Suspended Solids

“Determined to succeed, together”

Dissolved Organics 100%

DISSOLVED MATERIAL

100%

SUSPENSED MATERIAL

10 mm

20 mm

30 mm

40 mm

50 mm

90%

81%

73%

65%

60%

60%

100%

95%

90%

85%

80%

75%

Looks can be deceiving - clear soft drinks have transmittance of 0% due to dissolved sugars

“Determined to succeed, together”

Iron and Manganese Fouling

Medium Pressure

Amalgam

“Determined to succeed, together”

ETS Equipment

“Determined to succeed, together”

Closed Vessel UV Systems (superior solution to “traditional” open channel systems)

“Determined to succeed, together”

Closed Vessel UV Systems Are the primary UV solution for all applications except for municipal wastewater: - Beverage and Brewery - Ultrapure Water Applications - Swimming Pools, Water Parks, and Splash Pads (indoor and outdoor)

- Aquaculture - Ballast Water - Surface and Air - Aquifer Storage and Recovery Wells - Drinking Water

“Determined to succeed, together”

It Starts with a Model…

“Determined to succeed, together”

Predicting Performance

“Determined to succeed, together”

Medium Pressure WW/Reuse SW •

Flange Size (inches) – 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 20, 24 and 30 • Number of Lamps – 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 18 • Lamp Power (kW) – 1.3, 2.5, 3.5, 5.0, 5.8, and 7.3 • Constant Wattage Transformers (CWTs) and Capacitors (50 to 100%) • Relative or Absolute Monitoring • SPECTRA Controls

“Determined to succeed, together”

“Determined to succeed, together”

LPHO WW/Reuse UVLA •

Flange Size (inches) –

•

Flange Locations –

•

1 to 32

Lamp Power (W) –

• • •

Top/top, top/bottom, bottom/bottom, etc.

Number of Lamps –

•

2 to 14

60 to 325

Electronic Ballasts (50 to 100%) Relative or Absolute Monitoring SPECTRA Controls

“Determined to succeed, together”

LPHO WW/Reuse UVLW •

Flange Size (inches) –

•

Number of Lamps –

•

6, 8, 16, 20, 22, 30, and 45

Lamp Power (W) –

• • •

8, 10, 16, and 20

800

Electronic Ballasts (30 to 100%) Absolute Monitoring Allen Bradley Controls

“Determined to succeed, together”

UVLW 800W LPHO Design

Influent Support Ring Chamfered Effluent

Non Uniform Lamp Spacing

“Determined to succeed, together”

NWRI Validation Reactor

Body Diameter (in)

Flange Diameter (in)

Flow 55% and 100 mJ/cm2 (gpm)

Flow 65% and 80 mJ/cm2 (gpm)

UVLW-6800-10

10

8

95

220

UVLW-6800-14

14

10

46

88

UVLW-8800-14

14

10

71

175

UVLW-16800-20

20

16

219

445

UVLW-20800-20

20

16

305

650

UVLW-22800-24

24

20

270

520

UVLW-30800-24

24

20

580

1050

UVLW-30800-30

30

20

580

1300

UVLW-45800-30

30

20

650

1620

“Determined to succeed, together”

Validated DW Equipment

ECP

SP

• • • • • •

• • • • • •

Flange Size = 3 in Number of Lamps = 1 Lamp Power = 1.3 kW Choke and Thyristor (50 to 100%) Absolute or Relative Monitoring SPECTRA Controls

Flange Size = 3 or 4 in Number of Lamps = 1 Lamp Power = 2.5 kW Choke and Thyristor (50 to 100%) Absolute Monitoring SPECTRA Controls

“Determined to succeed, together”

DW Validated Results Reactor

Flow (40 mJ/cm2) 90% T10

Flow (>3-log reduction) 90% T10

ECP-113-5

85 gpm

125 gpm

SP-25-4S

154 gpm

458 gpm

SP-25-6

198 gpm

277 gpm

“Determined to succeed, together”

Validated DW Equipment

ECF

SX

• • • • • •

• • • • • •

Flange Size = 6, 8, 10, and 12 in Number of Lamps = 2 or 4 Lamp Power = 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 kW Choke and Thyristor (50 to 100%) Absolute Monitoring SPECTRA Controls

Flange Size = 8, 10, 16, 20, and 30 in Number of Lamps = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 18 Lamp Power = 2.5, 3.5, 5.0, and 7.3 kW CWTs and capacitors (50 to 100%) Absolute Monitoring SPECTRA Controls

“Determined to succeed, together”

DW Validated Results Reactor

Flow (40 mJ/cm2) 90% T10

Flow (>3-log reduction) 90% T10

ECF-215-6

205 gpm

360 gpm

ECF-220-8

295 gpm

610 gpm

ECF-225-10

355 gpm

675 gpm

ECF-430-12

1.4 MGD

3.2 MGD

SX-225-8

0.95 MGD

1.8 MGD

SX-425-10

2.2 MGD

3.8 MGD*

SX-635-16

4.2 MGD

8.4 MGD*

SX-850-20

11.9 MGD

13.3 MGD*

SX-1873-30

30.4 MGD*

30.4 MGD* * - hydraulic limit

“Determined to succeed, together”

Controls • SPECTRA – Microprocessor based – Membrane and touch screen options – Communication • • • •

Ethernet Wi-Fi MODBUS/Profibus Hard Wire

“Determined to succeed, together”

Remote Data Logging • Plug the SPECTRA into any network and start logging data • Wireless networking is also supported • Spectra sends status update every 15 mins and on change of state (start-up, alarms, etc.)

“Determined to succeed, together”

Website Access to Logging • • • •

Monitor and review units over the internet Operators can be given user accounts Many units can be added to an account Adding units is simple using a serial number and a pin number

“Determined to succeed, together”

Check Status/Support • Review current status • Review recent alarms • Advice on alarms and possible solutions

“Determined to succeed, together”

Trend Data/Monitor Conditions • Trend data recorded on the website • Identify usage patterns and predict service requirements • Monitor lamp usage, number of hours and number of strikes • Detailed knowledge can lead to enhanced customer service

“Determined to succeed, together”

Controls • Allen Bradley PLC – CompactLogix – Panelview Display

“Determined to succeed, together”

Equipment • Containerized systems – Standard and explosion proof options – Separate wet (chambers) and dry (power/control) – All pipes, valves, flowmeters, etc. provided

“Determined to succeed, together”

“Determined to succeed, together”

“Determined to succeed, together”

Equipment • ATEX Rated – Explosion proof – Complete systems – Chambers or cabinets only

“Determined to succeed, together”

Direct Potable Reuse

“Determined to succeed, together”

“Determined to succeed, together”

Direct Potable Reuse • • • •

Nothing new – being used on space station More communities are weighing the option Must get past the “yuck” factor Major difference from indirect – no environmental barrier in case of treatment concern

“Determined to succeed, together”

Texas • Currently involved in project in TX • Secondary effluent pumped from WWTP to new DW facility • Multistep treatment at new facility • Treatment concept reviewed by many peers • Heavy review scrutiny by State (no pilot testing required) • All approved and awaiting bid

“Determined to succeed, together”

Texas • UV is used in a two step process for crypto inactivation – Pass 1 – >1.5 log – Pass 2 – >4 log

• Designed so that each “UV portion” used the same reactor for commonality of maintenance and spare parts

“Determined to succeed, together”

“Determined to succeed, together”

“Determined to succeed, together”

Advantages to Closed Vessel

“Determined to succeed, together”

Advantages to Closed Vessel • Installation – Smaller footprint – Lower costs, easier, quicker – Eliminate the need of precision alignment of poured concrete walls and floors – Chambers can be installed in horizontal or vertical pipe runs providing design flexibility – Some estimates show 60% installation cost reduction

“Determined to succeed, together”

“Determined to succeed, together”

Advantages to Closed Vessel

30”

Vertical installations leads to a smaller footprint and no air entrapment Six parallel reactors

15’

Treating up to 4 MGD per reactor

“Determined to succeed, together”

Advantages to Closed Vessel • Maintenance – Wiping mechanism is external to water • The motor is coupled to an internal threaded screw which turns and drives the wiping carriage across the quartz sleeves and UV intensity monitor • It is critical to keep all optical paths free from fouling to ensure optimum disinfection

– Wiper rings can be replaced without removing wiping carriage from chamber – Individual lamp and sleeve replacement

“Determined to succeed, together”

Automatic Wiping Mechanism Wiper Yoke

Low voltage motor leads to safer, smaller, and less expensive wiper without impacting performance and cleaning capabilities .

“Determined to succeed, together”

Automatic Wiping Mechanism Optical counter used to stop wiping mechanism before reaching the chamber ends. Similar technology used in elevators to signal floor levels. No problematic limit switches are required.

“Determined to succeed, together”

Lamp Replacement

Single ended lamps utilizing a twist lock plug connection. No tools required, safer as UV light and electricity are isolated, water tight connection, and automatically centers the lamp.

“Determined to succeed, together”

Open Channel Maintenance • Crane to remove lamp modules from channel • Racks to hold lamps/modules while being stored or cleaned • Tank for acid cleaning of sleeves

“Determined to succeed, together”

Access Hatch

The profile of the hatch was designed to eliminate flow disruptions and air pockets.

“Determined to succeed, together”

Dry Monitoring Allows for replacement of monitors and reference monitor checks without having to close valves and drain the reactor.

“Determined to succeed, together”

Advantages to Closed Vessel • No Open Water Surface – Lost/damaged tools, cell phones, etc. – Algae growth – Inhalation risk for operators from aerosols containing pathogenic organisms – Large open water surfaces which can lead to fly and mosquito issues – Many open channels become covered after operating for a short period of time or are covered during installation

“Determined to succeed, together”

Covered Open Channel UV

“Determined to succeed, together”

Advantages to Closed Vessel • Reduced UV exposure – Burn exposed skin in seconds – Arc eye or welding flash are extremely painful and can lead to retina lesions, cataracts, and yellowing of the lens on prolonged exposure

“Determined to succeed, together”

Why ETS? • Responsiveness – Limited red tape to get through to make decisions

• Focus – UV and UV only

• Expertise – Years of experience

• Design – Fewest component design – Features designed to minimize operator attention and exposure

“Determined to succeed, together”

Questions????