DESIGNING FOR ACTIVE LIVING IN LATER LIFE
•
Elderly care in Finland, the fastest ”graying” nation in Europe
DESIGN & HEALTH 7TH WORLD CONGRESS Boston, July 6, 2011 Mikael Paatela Lic.Sc., Architect SAFA SWECO PAATELA Architects
CONTENTS: 1.
FINLAND, background http://www.newsweek.com
2.
ELDERLY CARE IN FINLAND
3.
PROJECT EXAMPLES
4.
DESIGN ASPECTS
5.
THE FINNISH WELL-BEING CENTER CONCEPT in Japan
• • • •
Home Senior houses Service accommodation Institutional care
1. FINLAND,
BACKGROUND
• a Nordic democratic welfare society • population 5.2 million – 65+ years – Life expectancy
800 000 1 400 000 78,5
(15 %) (2007) (27 %) (2030) years (2007)
CLIMATE Four seasons with • Dark, cold winters • Light, “warm” summers
GEOGRAPHY • area 338.000 sq.km
Lapland in the north
http://www.cartinafinland.fi
http://www.worldofmaps.net
Central lake district
Archipelago in the south
http://yle.fi
http://www.greentourism.fi
http://www.worldofmaps.net
EDUCATION 1 Finland 3 Sweden
HEALTH 6 Norway
10 Denmark
QUALITY OF LIFE
ECONOMIC DYNAMISM
POLITICAL ENVIRONMENT
NATIONAL HEALTH POLICY
http://www.hs.fi
Some key goals: • Health promotion
• Prevention of diseases • Social welfare
http://www.rovaniemi.fi
http://www.newsweek.com
2. ELDERLY CARE IN FINLAND 2.1 GENERAL •
Social protection for the elderly consist of services and income security, arranged as part of social and health care
•
Public sector / Municipalities are responsible for arranging basic services for old people, they may:
•
•
Produce the services themselves
•
Buy them from private service providers
Private sector / Senior citizens can buy the services from private service providers
2.2 SERVICES AND BENEFITS FOR THE ELDERLY http://nono.vuodatus.net
http://www.poliklinikka.fi
•
INCOME SECURITY
• • • •
employee pension national pension housing allowance care allowance
•
PREVENTION SERVICES
• • •
home visits day centres rehabilitation
•
SERVICE NEEDS ASSESSMENT
•
municipal experts assesses the need for eg. home services, informal care, institutional care and social assistance
•
HEALTH SERVICES
•
municipal health centres provide eg. primary healthcare, dental care, home nursing, rehabilitation and assistive devices hospitals for specialized medical care
•
…services and benefits for the elderly
•
HOUSING SERVICES
• •
reinbursements for housing renovation work service accomodation
•
HOME SERVICES AND HOME NURSING CARE
•
provided due to diminished functional capacity or illness
•
INSTITUTIONAL CARE
•
provided when it is not possible to live at home or in service accomodation
•
INFORMAL CARE
•
support granted to a relative or friend who takes care of an elderly person
2.3 FORMS OF ACCOMODATION FOR PEOPLE AGED 75+ http://www.pixmac.fi
National objectives for 2012 92 %
5-6 %
3%
•
HOME
•
municipal support for living at home
•
SENIOR HOUSES
•
apartments specially build for the elderly
•
SERVICE ACCOMODATION often adjacent to a ”day center”
•
appartments or group homes
•
a day center with eg. restaurant, medical and social services, rehabilitation and hobby facilities, library, sauna and swimming pool, chapel etc.
HEALTH CENTER WARDS,
•
patient care on a short-term or long-term basis
•
INSTITUTIONAL CARE
2.4 FRAMEWORK OF HOUSING AND SERVICES FOR THE ELDERLY
home
The aim is to create physical environments that support active living, thus:
•
maintaining the physical and mental well-being of the elderly
•
supporting their ability to live an independent life
service accomodation
day center / core services
healthcenter wards / instututional care
senior houses
3. PROJECT EXAMPLES
3.1 HOME 3.2 SENIOR HOUSES 3.3 SERVICE ACCOMMODATION 3.4 INSTITUTIONAL CARE
3.1 HOME Policy: •
SUPPORT INDEPENDENT LIVING AT HOME as long as possible
•
PROVIDE ALL NECESSARY CARE SERVICES AT HOME
•
RENOVATE APARTMENTS FOR THE ELDERLY
3.2 SENIOR HOUSES ”ISO OMENA” SHOPPING CENTER, Espoo •
BARRIER-FREE APARTMENTS
•
COMMON SPACES FOR EG. HOBBIES, FITNESS ACTIVITIES ETC. LIVINGROOM
•
ADJACENT TO SERVICES AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT
BATHROOM
SAUNA
KITCHEN
48 m2
BEDROOM
CHAMBER
typical floor plan Arkkitehdit Tommila Oy
site plan
Senior houses ”Iso Omena” shopping center
Senior appartments have access to eg. •
shops
•
medical services
•
restaurants
•
library
•
etc Floor plan
Senior houses
Shopping center
3.3 SERVICE ACCOMMODATION ”WILLA VIOLA” and ”VIOLA HOME”, Tampere
”Willa Viola”
Willa Viola Viola Home
APPARTMENTS and GROUP HOMES
DAY CENTER
Arkkitehtitoimisto Erkki Helamaa ja Keijo Heiskanen Oy
Service accommodation ”Willa Viola”
•
APARTMENTS with LIVING ROOM, BEDROOM, KITCHEN and BATHROOM
Roof terrace
Floor plan
Service accommodation ”Viola Home”
•
GROUP HOMES are comprised of
Sitting room
- APARTMENTS: LIVING ROOM, BEDROOM and BATHROOM and - SHARED SPACES: SITTING ROOM, DINING ROOM, KITCHEN
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
foyer corridor elevator staircase wheelchair / walker storage info / service desk cleaning closet storage service
10. 11. 12 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.
staff wc apartment apartment corridor single room showers wc storage inva-wc
Plan
Service accommodation ”Viola Home”
Single Occupant room
Shared living / dining room
SERVICE ACCOMMODATION WELLFARE CENTER ”ONNI”, Pukkila
GROUP HOME and DAY CENTER
A
health centre
B
group home for the elderly
C
group home for the elderly
D
rehabilitation, group exercise, daytime activities
E
utility facilities
F
pharmacy
Facade
G market hall H
marketplace
Arkkitehtitoimisto L&M Sievänen Oy
Site plan
Service accommodation Wellfare center ”Onni”, Pukkila
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
cafeteria japanese garden info, service desk health centre dentist maternity and child health clinic group home outdoor area group home inner courtyard service flats therapy courtyard physiotherapy
13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.
19. 20. 21. 22.
conference room therapy pool sauna facilities clubroom gymnasium group exercise, assembly hall, cinema theatre staff facilities utility facilities pharmacy outdoor dining area
Ground floor plan
SERVICE ACCOMMODATION ”SANDELS SENIORHOUSE”, Helsinki
GROUP HOME with some day center services. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
foyer corridor toilet lobby shop kitchen library club room reception
10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18.
corridor laundry equipment room 1 room + kitchenette + alcove 2 rooms + kitchenette 1 room + kitchenette 1 room + kitchenette + alcove 1 room + kitchen + alcove 1 room + kitchen + alcove
Arkkitehtitoimisto Helin & Siitonen
Ground floor plan
Service accommodation ”Sandels senioritalo”
•
a double-room module
•
a single-room module
SERVICE ACCOMMODATION ”OULUNKYLÄ REHABILITATION CENTER”, Helsinki
GROUP HOMES and a DAY CENTER for patients receiving •
SHORT TERM REHABILITATION
•
LONG TERM CARE
A B
Patient room groups Shared living / dining areas
A A
A
Sweco Paatela Architects Oy
B
B A
Group home floor plan 1st and 2nd floors
Service accommodation ”Oulunkylä Rehabilitation Center”
•
DAY CENTER 1. cafe 2. health services 3. social services
4.
6.
4. rehabilitation 5. massage 6. swimming pool and sauna
1.
7. handicraft activities 8. library
8. 5.
2. 7.
3.
Service accommodation ”Oulunkylä Rehabilitation Center”
GROUP HOME Entrance to patient room
Shared living / dining
Service accommodation ”Oulunkylä Rehabilitation Center”
DAY CENTER Library / reading
Sitting corner
Service accommodation ”Oulunkylä Rehabilitation Center”
DAY CENTER
Rehabilitation
Massage
Service accommodation ”Oulunkylä Rehabilitation Center”
DAY CENTER
1st floor central lobby area
Swimming pool area
Service accommodation ”Oulunkylä Rehabilitation Center”
DAY CENTER
Handicrafts
Singing in the central plaza
Service accommodation ”Oulunkylä Rehabilitation Center”
Chapel
3.2 INSTITUTIONAL CARE ”JALKARANTA” HOSPITAL FOR THE ELDERLY
GROUP HOMES AND WARDS •
LONG TERM CARE
Sweco Paatela Architects Oy
Site plan
Institutional care ”Jalkaranta” hospital for the elderly
A A A
A Patient room groups B Shared living / dining areas
C
B
C Rehabilitation / group activities A
B A
1st – 3rd floor plan
B
Institutional care ”Jalkaranta” hospital for the elderly
A D
A
A Patient room groups
B Shared living / dining areas C Central plaza / common living room B
D Restaurant
Ground floor plan
C
4. DESIGN ASPECTS
The goal is to design •
psycho-socially supportive environments
•
barrier-free apartments with wheelchair dimensioning
4.1 TYPICAL DESIGN FEATURES OF PSYCHO-SOCIALLY SUPPORTIVE ENVIRONMENTS •
PRIVATE and SHARED SPACES
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SCALE OF SPACES
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MATERIALS, COLOURS
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LIGHT
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SOUND CONTROL
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VIEWS inside and out
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ART and PLANTS
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ACCESS to the OUTDOORS and NATURE
4.2 DESIGN FEATURES OF SENIOR APARTMENTS / HOUSES
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ELEVATORS
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WHEELCHAIR DIMENSIONING IN ROOMS AND DOOR OPENINGS
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LARGE BATHROOMS WITH SHOVERS
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GLAZED BALCONIES
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ADJUSTABLE KITCHEN FURNITURE
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HANDRAILS
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REMOVAL OF DOORSTEPS
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ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
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etc. ETC. http://www.gaius.fi
5. THE FINNISH WELL-BEING CENTER Sendai, Japan
GROUP HOMES and DAY CENTER
Sweco Paatela Architects Oy
Service accommodation The Finnish Wellbeing Center
PATIENT CARE CONCEPT
X = nursing and security call center
Copyright FWBC Finland Oy H. Tervaskari
”The Finnish Well-being Center”, Sendai Japan
THANK YOU
