D epartment of P etroleum Engineering

Department of Petroleum Engineering The department was established in the academic year 1958/1959 as one of the scientific departments that belong to the College of Engineering. The minimum period of undergraduate study in the department is four years, after which the student is awarded a B.Sc. degree in Petroleum Engineering. The department has efficient staff members specialized in various disciplines of petroleum engineering or related fields of study. Such specializations include drilling engineering, oil and gas reservoir engineering, production of oil and gas engineering, well logging, enhanced oil recovery, mathematical modeling, and geology. More than 180 research works have carried out by the staff members in various aspects of petroleum engineering. The department tends eagerly to establish and build a good relationship with the institutes of the Ministry of Oil in Iraq to develop the applied part of petroleum engineering. One way of achieving this task is through making contracts for studying specific problems suggested by the Ministry of Oil. Such problems are either dealt with by one or more of the staff members or studied by a postgraduate student as part of the higher degree requirements. Twenty-five contracts have been signed until now with the Iraqi Drilling Company, South Oil Company, North Oil Company, and the Directorate of Reservoir and Field Development in the Ministry of Oil.

The heads of the department No. 1. 2. 3. 4.

Name

Date

Dr. G Sorofy Dr. Mohammed O.Alqawy Dr. Falih Al-saadoon

5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

Dr. Qasim J.Sulaiman Dr. Hazim H.Al-Attar Dr.Mohammed B.Al-Sinibly Dr.Ziad A.Aswad Dr.Ali M.Al-Mashat Dr.Akram H.Bdul Wahab Dr.Mohammed S.Al-Jawad

1959-1969 1969-1971 1971-1975 1975-1977 1991-1992 1977-1981 1981-1989 1989-1990 1990-1991 1992-1997 1997-2007 2007- present time

Dr. Abbas Hamid Sulaymon

129

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering

Staff of the Petroleum Department Name

General Specialty

Scientific Degree

1.

Samir A.W. Al Assaf

Hydrogeology

Ph.D., Prof.

2.

Mohammed S. AlJawad Mohammed B.AlSinibly Talib A. AlMeshhedany Antoine M. Avedisian Maha R. Abdul Ameer Samera M. Hamadallah

Petroleum Engineering

Ph.D., Prof. (Head of the Department)

Petroleum Engineering

Ph.D., Assist. Prof.

Petroleum Engineering

Ph.D., Assist. Prof.

Structural and petroleum geology

M.Sc., Assist. Prof.

Petroleum Engineering

Ph.D., Assist. Prof.

Petroleum Engineering

Ph.D., Assist. Prof.

No.

3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Hussain A. Baker

Petroleum Engineering

Ph.D., Lect.

9.

Hadi A.Ezerig

Petroleum Engineering

Ph.D., Lect.

10.

Janan H. Al-Taai

Physics

M.Sc., Lect.

11.

Nada S. Selman

Petroleum Engineering

Ph.D., Lect.

12.

Abdulhussain H. Jasem

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

13.

Hassan A. Al-Taai

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

14.

Falih H. Mohammed

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

15.

Farqad A.Hadi

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

16.

Dhurgam S. Ibraheem

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

17.

Omer F. Hasan

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

18.

Dhifaf J. Sadiq

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

19.

Ahmed T. Khudaier

Geophysics

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

20.

Meedya N. Babeh

English language

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

21.

Adnan L’aebi Muhsin Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

22.

Jalal A. Radhi

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

Petroleum Engineering

130

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering

Name

General Specialty

Scientific Degree

23.

Nagham J. Fayadh

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

24.

Ghanim M.Farman

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

25.

Fadhil S. Kadhum

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

26.

Riyadh H. Fawzy

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

27.

Mohammed M. Daway

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

28.

Usama S. Saleh

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

29.

Rowaida Qaysar

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

30.

Ahmed Sinan

Petroleum Engineering

M.Sc., Assist. Lect.

No.

Engineering Staff No. Name 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Muna T. Al-Qaragulli Ahmd Z. Hussen Dalya A. Abdulateef Nagham A. Samee Nadheerah I. Kareem Nuha R. Nahee Rasha T. Gdhaib

Technical Staff No. Name 1. 2.

Layla M. Lafta Angam K. Hadi

Administration Staff No. Name 1. 2. 3. 4.

Amal M. Antoine Maida N. Kattan Israa Abdulateef Rasha M. Morad

131

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering

The Undergraduate Curriculum The annual system of study is followed in the department. The following is the curriculum of the department for the four years of study. 1 st Semester Hours/Week

FIRST YEAR Code

Subject

PE100

General Geology

8

3

-

2

3

-

2

3

1

-

3

1

-

6

2

-

2

2

-

2

4

1

-

3

1

-

3

GE108

Mathematics Computer Programming Engineering Drawing and Descriptive Geometry Static's and Dynamics

6

GE110

English Language I

4 4

2 2

1 -

-

2 2

1 -

-

GE112

Human Rights

2

1

1

-

1

1

GE114

Physics

4

2

-

-

2

-

-

GE101 GE103

Analytical Chemistry Electrical Technology

3 3

2 -

-

2 -

2

-

2

44

18

3

9

18

3

9

GE102 GE104 GE106

Total

Units

Theo.

2 nd Semester Hours/Week

Total hours per week

Tuto. Lab.

30

132

Theo. Tuto. Lab.

30

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering

1st Semester Hours/Week

SECOND YEAR Code

Subject

GE208 GE210 GE212

Structural and Petroleum Geology Mathematics Computer Programming Fundamentals of Petroleum Engineering Fluid Mechanics English Language II Democracy

PE201 GE203 GE205

Petroleum Properties Eng. Thermodynamics Strength of Materials

PE200 GE202 GE204 PE206

Total

Units Theo. Tuto.

PE300 PE302 PE304 PE306 PE308 GE302 GE310 PE301 GE303

Petroleum Reservoir Eng. I Petroleum Drilling Eng. I Petroleum Production Eng. I Well Logging Petroleum Engineering Economics Engineering Mathematics Technical English Geophysics Engineering Statistics

Total

Theo.

Tuto. Lab.

2

-

2

2

-

2

6 4

3 1

1 -

2

3 1

1 -

2

4

2

1

-

2

1

-

5 4 2 2

2 2 1 1

2 1

2 2 1 -

2 1 -

2 -

3 3

3 -

1 -

3 -

2

1

2

39

17

6

7

15

6

8

THIRD YEAR Subject

Lab.

6

Total hours per week

Code

2nd Semester Hours/Week

30

30

1st Semester Hours/Week

2 nd Semester Hours/Week

Units

Theo.

Tuto.

Lab.

8

3

1

2

3

1

2

8

3

1

2

3

1

2

4

2

1

-

2

1

-

6 4

3 2

1 -

-

3 2

1 -

-

6

3

1

-

3

1

-

4 2 2

2 2 -

1 -

-

2 2

1

-

44

20

6

4

20

6

4

Total hours per week

Tuto.

30

133

Lab. Theo.

30

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering 1st Semester Hours/Week

FOURTH YEAR Code

Subject

2nd Semester Hours/Week

Units Theo. Tuto. Lab.

Theo.

Tuto. Lab.

Petroleum Reservoir Eng. II Petroleum Drilling Eng. II Petroleum Production Eng. II Secondary Oil Recovery

6

3

2

-

3

2

-

6

3

2

-

3

2

-

6

3

2

-

3

2

-

6

3

-

-

3

-

-

PE408

Numerical Methods and Reservoir Simulation

6

2

-

2

2

-

2

PE410

Engineering Project

4

1

-

2

1

-

2

PE401

Gas Technology

PE403

Optimization Integrated Reservoir Management

3 3

3 -

-

-

3

-

-

3

1

1

-

1

1

1

43

19

7

4

19

7

5

PE400 PE402 PE404 PE406

PE405

Total Total hours per week

30

31

The Syllabus The following is the syllabus of the subjects in the department curriculum.

FIRST YEAR PE 100 General Geology Earth in space; shape and surface relief of the earth; matter and minerals; igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks; weathering and soils; processes of erosion, transportation and deposition; ground water; crustal deformation (structural features) and mountain building movements; earthquakes and the earth’s interior; keys to the past; time in geology; historical geology; plate tectonics and continental drift. GE 102 Mathematics I Types of functions (trigonometric; inverse trigonometric functions, logarithmic functions, exponential functions, transcendental functions, other types of functions, graph of functions); Differentiation (explicit and implicit; application of derivatives in graphing); Integrals (integrals as a summation of areas; definite integrals, applications of definite integrals, areas and volumes; techniques of integration); determinants and matrices, conical section; Introduction to polar coordinates. GE 104 Computer Programming Using Excel (Introduction, Navigating the Interface, Entering Data, Setting Cell Data Types, Selecting More Than a Single Cell, Entering 134

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering Formulas, Exploring the R1C1 Cell Reference Style, Referring to More Than a Single Cell, Understanding Operator Precedence, Using Exponents in Formulas, Formatting Your Spreadsheets, Leveraging Copy, Cut, Paste, and Paste Special, Using Cell Names, Validating Data, Taking Advantage of Macros, Adding Comments and Equation Notes), Charting (Creating Simple Charts, Exploring Chart Styles, Formatting Charts, Customizing Chart Axes, Setting Log or Semilog Scales, Using Multiple Axes, Changing the Type of an Existing Chart, Combining Chart Types, Building 3D Surface Plots, Preparing Contour Plots, Annotating Charts, Saving Custom Chart Types, Copying Charts to Word), Getting Acquainted with Visual Basic for Applications (Navigating the VBA Editor, Writing Functions and Subroutines, Working with Data Types, Defining Variables, Defining Variables, Using Arrays, Commenting Code, Spanning Long Statements over Multiple Lines, Using Conditional Statements, Using Loops, Debugging VBA Code, VBA's Built-in Functions, Exploring Excel Objects, Creating Your Own Objects in VBA) Mathematical Functions (Using Summation Functions, Delving into Division, Mastering Multiplication, Exploring Exponential and Logarithmic Functions, Using Trigonometry Functions, Seeing Signs, Getting to the Root of Things, Rounding and Truncating Numbers, Converting Between Number Systems, Manipulating Matrices, Building Support for Vectors, Using Spreadsheet Functions in VBA Code) Curve Fitting and Regression (Performing Linear Curve Fitting Using Excel Charts, Least Squares Method, Generating Nonlinear Curve Fits Using Excel Charts, Fitting Nonlinear Curves Using Solver ) Solving Equations (Finding Roots Graphically, Solving Nonlinear Equations Iteratively, Automating Tedious Problems with VBA, Solving Linear Systems) Numerical Integration and Differentiation (Integrating a Definite Integral, Implementing the Trapezoidal Rule in VBA) GE 106 Engineering Drawing and Descriptive Geometry Engineering Drawing: Introduction, instruments & their use; applied geometry; dimensions & lettering; orthographic drawing & sketching; pictorial drawing & sketching auxiliary view; section; convection &assembly; projection in general. Descriptive Geometry: Representation of points, lines, and planes; types of planes; application of lines and planes; development of surfaces; determination of true lengths of straight lines by revolution and auxiliary planes; traces of planes; finding line of intersection of planes by traces and projections. 135

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering GE 108 Static's & Dynamics Static & dynamic principles; resultant of forces; friction; center of gravity; moment of inertia; rectilinear motion; curvilinear motion; rotation; energy & work; mechanical vibration. GE 110 English Language I Parts of speech (nouns, pronouns, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, interjections); kinds of sentences (simple, compound, complex); subordinate clauses; change of sentences from simple to compound and vice versa; tenses; passive and active; direct and indirect speech. GE 112 Human Rights GE 114 Physics Energy and its Conservation: energy, work, power, gravitational potential energy, kinetic energy, conservation of energy. Simple Harmonic Motion: periodic motion, simple harmonic motion, the potential energy of a spring, conservation of energy and the vibrating spring. Wave Motion: mathematical representation of a wave, speed of a transverse wave on a string, reflection of a wave at a boundary, sound waves, the transmission of energy in a wave and the intensity of a wave. Fluids: density, pressure, Pascal’s principle, Archimedes’s principle, equation of continuity, Bernoulli’s theorem, viscosity, stress and strain. Surface tension: interfacial tension, contact angle, wetting phenomena, capillary pressure. Heat transfer: convection, conduction, and radiation. Coulomb’s law and the electric field, flux, Gauss’s law, electric potential.

PE 101 Analytical Chemistry Theory: Review of basic concepts; stoichiometry; chemical reaction and heat; organic chemistry; fuels; various batteries and electronic cells; principles of corrosion; water for domestic uses; industrial water; atmospheric pollution. GE 103 Electrical Technology D.C. circuits, A.C. circuits, magnetic circuits, D.C. Machines, Transformers & induction motors, Measuring instruments; Voltage, Current, Resistance Power and Temperature; Laboratory experiments.

136

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering

SECOND YEAR PE 200 Structural and Petroleum Geology Mechanics of structural deformation; folds, faults, and joints; unconformities; sedimentary environments; origin of oil: generation, migration and accumulation of petroleum; source rocks; reservoir rocks, cap rocks, traps (types and discovering techniques); reservoir mechanics (pressure, temperature, reservoir energy); subsurface mapping; oil field waters, Iraq and Middle East oilfields. GE 202 Mathematics II Polar coordinates (graphs in polar coordinates; arc length and areas in polar coordinates); Vectors in two and three space (Cross products; Vector valued functions; Motion along curves; differentiation and integration of vector valued functions); Infinite series (divergence and convergence of series, Taylor and Maclaurian series); Functions of more than one variable ( Partial differentiation ; Extreme values, gradients; Lagrange multiplier); Multiple integrals, change of order; Change from Cartesian to polar coordinates; first order differential equations; Introduction to second order differential equations. GE 204 Computer Programming FORTRAN 90, Mathlab. PE 206 Fundamentals of Petroleum Engineering Elements of petroleum engineering; origin of petroleum; reservoir rock properties and fluid distribution; volumetric calculations of oil in place; natural forces in oil and gas reservoirs; oil exploration; rotary drilling; rig components; casing, cementing and well completion; well logging; surface equipment; Iraqi oil fields. GE 208 Fluid Mechanics Dimensions & units, process variables; physical state; overall mass balance; overall energy balance; overall momentum balance, concept of fluid behavior; Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, flow measurements; Pitot tube; Venturi meter, orifice meter; Rota meter; some design equations for the flow of incompressible fluids; friction losses in pipes and fittings; two-phase flow; fluid machinery. GE 210 English Language II Punctuations; Phonetics and spelling; Regular and irregular verbs; Words and phrases that require special attention; Idioms with common verbs; Writing (composition, letters, essays).

137

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering GE 212 Democracy PE 201 Petroleum Properties Crude Oils (chemical composition, classification, properties); density, specific gravity and coefficient of expansion; viscosity, molecular weight; vapor pressure, specific heat; laten heat; heat of combustion; boiling range, flash point; pour point, sulfur content; aniline point; penetration umber; softening point; crude oil evaluation; fractional distillation and TBP curve; analysis of fraction; dehydration of crude oil; natural gas properties; oilfield water properties. GE 203 Engineering Thermodynamics Temperature and heat: temperature, heat, specific heat, calorimetry, change of phase, thermal equilibrium. Thermal expansion: linear, areal, and volume expansion of solids, volume expansion of liquid and gases, Charles’s law, Boyle’s law, the ideal gas law, kinetic theory of gases, real gases, equations of state. Application of the concept of work to a thermodynamic system, heat added and removed, first law of thermodynamics, some special cases of the first law (the gasoline engine, the ideal heat engine, the Carnot cycle). The second law of thermodynamics: heat engine and the second law, refrigeration and the second law, reversibility, entropy, statistical interpretation of entropy. Binary system, multi-component system, bubble point, dew point, phase envelop, critical pressure-critical temperature. GE 205 Strength of Materials Stress; simple stress, shearing stress, bearing stress, thin wall cylinders, strain, stress diagram, Hook law, Poisson's ratio, thermal stress; torsion; torsion formula, flanged bolt; coupling helical springs; shear and bending moments diagrams; analytical and graphical deflection; buckling; special topics.

THIRD YEAR PE 300 Petroleum Reservoir Engineering I Types of traps; Fluids distribution; Types of oil reservoirs; Porosity, compressibility; permeability; Poueseli law, Kozeny Equation, Darcy's law; measurements of permeability, Klinkenberg effect; Gas flow equation; Radial flow; Productivity equation; radial flow of gas; average permeability for stratified reservoirs; Flow through channels and fractures; Saturation; Capillary pressure; Wettability; Multiphase flow through porous media; Linear flow (piston like, leaky piston); Effective and relative permeability; Calculation of relative permeability; Fractional

138

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering flow equation; Buckley-Leverett equation; Gas properties (Boyle and Charles laws; Avogadro law; Dalton law, equation of state); compressibility factor; liquids properties (PVT); viscosity, classification of reservoirs according to P-T diagram, Phase behavior; calculation of bubble point and dew point; behavior of non-ideal liquids; flash and differential degassing; determination of reservoir liquids; properties of formation water; Volumetric calculation of reservoirs; Isobar, Isobach, Isoporosity and bubble maps. Material balance equation; Material balance for water derive and gas derive reservoirs; Calculation of reservoir pressures. PE 302 Petroleum Drilling Engineering I Introduction to drilling; classification of drilling operations; Properties and functions of drilling fluid; types and properties of clay in water; types of drilling fluids; drilling hazards dependent on mud control; drilling mud calculations, drilling methods (cable tool drilling, rotary drilling), basic component of rotary drilling equipment; drilling string and accessories; types of bits; casing of oil wells; functions of casing, types of casing, strings, parameters of casing design, selection of casing and bit types, design of string, graphical design of casing; cementing of oil wells, classification and properties of cements, classification of cementing operations, cementing equipment, methods and calculations of cementing; Hydraulics of primary cementing operations. PE 304 Petroleum Production Engineering I Well completion operations (parameter of design, completion methods, equipment, completion fluids); perforation of oil and gas wells (perforation methods, selection of perforation intervals); water and gas coning; methods for determining oil production rate without coning; completion efficiency, drill stem test (DTS) (test method, equipment, pressure versus time curve, theory of pressure buildup, reservoir properties obtained, depletion); Helical buckling of tubing (forces, homogeneous completion, packers permitting free and limited motions, compound completion of wells); surface gathering systems (types of gathering systems, behavior of fluid flow, flow lines, essential flowing lines, valves); separation of oil, gas, & water (types of separators, components of separators and functions); oil storage (storage tanks and accessories, calibration, measurement of liquid level); Production by pumps (sucker and submersible pumps). PE 306 Well Logging Basic rock properties, petrophysics; SP log; conventional resistivity log, induction log; lateral log, macro resistivity log, sonic log, density log, 139

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering neutron log, gamma ray log, TDT log, CBL log and quick method in (HC) detection. PE 308 Petroleum Engineering Economics Oil and gas reserve, organizations of petroleum exporting and importing countries, international supply and demand of petroleum, classification of petroleum, petroleum pricing, alternative energy, international strategy of energy, time value of money, types of interest rates, rate of return, methods of engineering decisions, depreciation, depletion, amortization, taxation, inflation, sensitivity analysis of engineering projects, risk analysis production decline curves, evaluation of future production of oil and gas wellsand ,Expenditure and Net present value. GE 302 Engineering Mathematics Ordinary differential equations, partial diff. equations, solutions of ordinary diff. equations, applications of first and second order ordinary diff. equations; solutions by Laplace transforms; Bessel functions; Fourier series; Taylor series; numerical methods. GE 310 Technical English General study of English language through the use of subjects related to the specialization of the department such as: petroleum industry, petroleum exploration, drilling for oil, recovering oil, oil transportation, oil refinery, careers in the petroleum industry. PE 301 Geophysics Gravity prospecting: principles, instruments, field measurements & reductions; interpretations; seismic prospecting: wave propagation, instruments, refraction and reflection methods, interpretation; magnetic prospecting: principles, instruments, measurements & interpretation; airborne magnetometer. GE 303 Engineering Statistics Importance of statistics; descriptive and inferential statistics; pictorial description of data; random sample selection; data classifications; frequency distributions; cumulative frequency distributions; graphical representation of data histograms; frequency polygon; measures of probability variation and the binomial distributions; Poisson distribution; normal distribution; correlation and regression analysis.

140

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering

FOURTH YEAR PE 400 Petroleum Reservoir Engineering II Fundamental concepts; oil reservoirs: depletion drive; gas cap drive, water drive, gravity drainage reservoir, combination drive reservoirs; pressure maintenance; secondary recovery; gas reservoirs; gascondensate reservoirs; miscellaneous subjects. PE 402 Petroleum Drilling Engineering II Casing landing (landing as cemented, landing in tension at the freeze point, landing in compression at the freeze point); buckling phenomenon, wellhead loads, blowout and blowout prevention, well kick (methods of control, driller’s method, engineer’s method); factors affecting drilling rate (effect of pressure, effect of physical properties of drilling mud, effect of weight on bit and rotary speed, economical effect), hole problems (pipe sticking, surge and swab pressure, hole deviation); directional drilling; factors affecting hole inclination of directional wells; types of directional wells; geometry of a directional well; methods of calculations of directional wells; horizontal drilling; types of horizontal wells; air drilling; design of air drilling operations. PE 404 Petroleum Production Engineering II Types of reservoirs and radial flow in the reservoirs, productivity index, inflow performance relationship (IPR), effect of stratification and water cut on IPR, productivity index test, Vogel method, Standing method, Couto method, Fetkovich method, Al-Saadoon method, mathematical and physical principles for pressure drop calculations, flow pattern and its relation with pressure drop, Poettmann and Carpenter method, Dukler method, working charts, analysis of choke performance, prediction of restricted and unrestricted production, effect of other parameters on well performance, derivation and solutions of diffusivity equation, application of Horner solution, multi-rates test, build-up test ,draw-down test, effect of skin factor on well testing, analysis of tests that affected by barrier, bounded reservoirs, gas lift operations, stimulation operations (acidizing and fracturing). PE 406 Secondary Oil Recovery Principles and definitions, choice of proper methods for enhanced oil recovery, recovery by water displacement, Buckley-Leverett method, Welge mehod, Stiles method, original and improved Dyksra-Parsons method, pattern of flooding, sweep efficiency, properties of injected water, injected pressures, recovery by immiscible gas, Tarner method, Muskat method, recovery by miscible gas, dry gas injection, enriched gas injection, CO2 injection, N2 injection, thermal recovery, heat flow 141

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering through rocks, seam injection, insitu combustion, tertiary oil recovery, surfactant flooding,, solvent injection, polymer injection. PE 408 Numerical Methods and Reservoir Simulation Interpolation,(Linear; Lagrange); Matrices, Review of matrix properties, Determinants, inverse of matrix; Solution of system of linear equations (Gaussian elimination, Gauss Jordan method, Jacobi method, Gauss Seidel method); Least square method (Linear equations; Polynomial equations); Reservoir simulation (Introduction, types of simulators); Flow through Porous Media (derivation of single-phase, onedimensional flow equation, Two and three-dimensional flow equation); Finite Difference Method (Taylor series; Forward difference; Backward difference; Central difference; Concepts of explicit and implicit methods); Solution of system of difference equations (tridiagonal algorithm); Use of Irregular Gridding: Transmissibility; The finite difference form of the flow equation in terms of Transmissibility; Averaging of rock and fluid properties; Solution of radial form of the flow equation; Two dimensional flow, setting up the finite difference form; Ordering schemes; Standard row ordering; Standard column ordering; Resulting matrix structure; Introduction to multi-phase flow through porous media. PE 410 Engineering Project Students as groups (of 3 or 4) are requested to carry out a study on one of the problems related to petroleum engineering under the supervision of one of the staff members. Each group must submit a report before the end of the second term. The students must give a presentation of their work to an interview committee of staff members. PE 401 Gas Technology Properties of gases; gas system analysis; gas flow through P. M.; gas transportation, gas treatment & liquefaction; gas sweetening and dehydration. PE 403 Optimization Introduction, applications in optimization, Linear programming, applications in linear programming, Graphical method, applications in graphical method, Simplex method, applications in simplex method, Transportation method, applications in transportation method, Nonlinear programming, applications in nonlinear programming, Lagrange multiplier method, applications in Lagrange multiplier method.

142

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering PE 405 Integrated Reservoir Management What is reservoir management?, the base map, isopach map, net pay thickness, cross sections, well correlation using logs, isoporosity map, bubble map, routine map, analysis, special core analysis, screening of core data, using correlations to estimate missing data, calculation of initial fluids in place, material balance, determination of reservoir type, building reservoir model, history matching, optimization of surface facilities, suggestions to increase production by plugging, perforation, completion, etc., development strategies, drilling new wells, completion, suggesting additional necessary surface equipments, economic evaluation of the proposed strategy.

Postgraduate Curriculum M.Sc. Courses;

1st Semester

Code PE 500 PE 501 PE 502 GE 503 GE 504 GE 505

2ndSemester

PE 506 PE 507 PE 508 PE 509 PE 510 GE 511

Subject

Hours

Fluid Flow Through Porous Media Advance Production Engineering I Advance Well Logging Advance Engineering Mathematics I Optimization Techniques English Language Total Advanced Reservoir Engineering I Advanced Drilling Engineering I Natural Gas Engineering Advanced Well Testing I Reservoir Simulation I English Language Total

Units

3

3

2

2

2

2

3

3

2 2

2 1

14

13

2

2

3

3

3 2 2 2

3 2 2 1

14

13

PE 500 Fluid Flow Through Porous Media I Derivation of flow equation for single and multi-phase flow (Darcian and non-Darcian). Flow with change in phase (the general compositional model). Analogies between fluid flow through porous media and other physical problems. Dimensionless form of flow equations. Solustion of 143

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering flow equation with different boundary conditions. Flow in wells with single vertical or horizontal fracture. Flow through naturally fractured reservoirs. Flow of fluids towards horizontal wells. PE 501 Advanced Production Engineering I Inflow performance for single and multi-phase flow(in vertical & horizontal wells, and in gas wells). Multi-phase flow through vertical, inclined and horizontal pipes. Multi-phase flow through restrictions. Advanced studies in well completion. Analysis of water and gas coning &cresting. Sand control. PE 502 Advanced Well Logging Production logging (log devices, basic interpretation &applications in single and 2-phase flow, radioactive tracer tool). Computer processed interpretation of logs. Resistivity ratio method. resistivity-porosity C.P. techniques. Shaly sandstone interpretation techniques. PE 503 Advanced Engineering Mathematics I Reivew of differentaial equations. Special functions. Series solutions of differential equation. Bessel functions. Legendre polynomial, laplace transformes. Fourier series and Fourier transforms. Partial differential equations. Boundary-value problems. PE 504 Optimization Techniques I Formulation of linear programming model. Simplex method. Network analysis. Revised simplex method. dual simplex method. sensitivity analysis in linear programming. Integer programming. Queuing modelling. Dynamic programming. Concepts of Non-linear programming. PE 506 Advanced Reservoir Engineering I Phase behavior for pure substance. Two components system. Three components system. The ternary diagram. Mixture of ideal gases. Gasliquid equilibrium. Non-ideal solutions. Flash and differential calculations. Surface separators. Gas-liquid equilibrium calculations with equation of state. Van Der Wall’s EOS. Peng-Robinson EOS. Fugacity coefficient. Depletion drive performance calculations by trial and error methods and by the method of finite difference. Oil production by water drive. Production by segregation drive, segregation drive with counter flow.

144

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering PE 507 Advanced Drilling Engineering Optimization of rotary drilling operations. Optimization of lifting capacity (in vertical, inclined and horizontal wells). Hydraulic optimization. Drilling fluids technology. Drilling and hole problems. Directional and horizontal drilling. Offshore drilling. Air and gas drilling. PE 508 Natural Gas Engineering Review of gas properties. Total gas system analysis (flow through vertical and horizontal pipes, flow through chokes, piping system). Field treatment of natural gas separation. Gas hydrates and dehydration. Gas sweetening. Liquid hydrocarbon removel. Sulfer deposition. Gas comperssion. PE 509 Advanced Well Testing I Review of transient test analysis. Effect of well-bore conditions. Type curve techniques. Multiple-rate testing. Estimating average reservoir pressure. Injection well testing. Pulse testing. Interference testing. Gas well testing. Effect of reservoir heterogeneity on pressure behavior. Horizontal well testing. PE 510 Reservoir Simulation I Review of single phase flow simulation. Oil and water flow equations. Finite difference formulation of oil and water equations. Initialization of oil-water systems. IMPES method. gas flow equations simulataneous flow of oil and gas. IMPES method for solving oil and gas equations. Simultaneous solution method(SS). The sequential method(SEQ). solution of resulting system of equations.

145

D epartment of P etroleum Engineering

Ph.D. Courses; Code

1st Semester

PE 601 PE 602 PE 605 PE 602

PE 609 PE 610 GE 616

2ndSemester

PE 603 PE 604 PE 607 PE 608 PE 611 PE 608 PE 614 PE 615

Subject

Hours

Reservoir Engineering: Advanced Reservoir engineering II Fluid Flow through porous media II Production Engineering: Multi-phase flow through pipes Fluid Flow Through Porous Media II Drilling Engineering: Advanced Drilling Engineering II Slurry transportation Advanced Engineering Mathematics II (mandatory)

Units

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

3

Total Reservoir Engineering: Enhanced Oil Recovery Reservoir Simulation II Production Engineering: Advanced Well Test Analysis II. Formation Evaluation. Drilling Engineering: Drilling Fluid Technology. Formation Evaluation Optimization Techniques II Advanced Numerical Analysis

12

12

3 3

3 3

3

3

3

3

3 3 3 3

3 3 3 3

Total

12

12

PE 601 Advanced Reservoir engineering II Advanced topics in material balance calculation, performance of volatile oil reservoir. Retrograde condensation, performance of gascondensate reservoir, reservoir management, reservoir containing horizontal wells. PE 602 Fluid Flow through porous media II Structures of porous media, derivation of Darcy’s law, diffusion and dispersion in porous media, flow of miscible fluids, non-Newtonian flow

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D epartment of P etroleum Engineering through porous media, non-Darcian flow, multi-phase through porous media, flow through heterogeneous porous media. PE 605 Multi-phase flow through pipes Review of multi-phase flow, multi-phase flow through vertical, horizontal and inclined pipes (Empirical correlations and mechanistic model), multi-phase flow through restrictions, flow of non-newtonian liquids and gas through pipes and restrictions, advanced topics in multiphase flow. PE 609 Advanced Drilling Engineering II Advanced topics in drilling optimization, advanced topics in lifting capacity, directional and horizontal drilling, advanced topics in casing and cementing operations, advanced topics in hole-problems, coiled tubing drilling, measurements while drilling. PE 610 Slurry transportation Fluid and particle mechanics, principles of slurry flow, heterogeneous slurry flow in horizontal pipes, vertical and inclined slurry flow, nonNewtonian slurry flow, effect of solids on pump performance, wear in pumps and pipelines, components of slurry system, stability of slurry system, system design and operability. GE 613 Advanced engineering mathematics II Bessel functions, Legender functions, Fourier-Bessel series, Legender series, integral transformations (Bessel, Fourier, Hankel, etc.), functions of complex variables, inversion of the Laplace transforms by contour integration, solution of partial differential equations in mathematical physics; applications. PE 603 Enhanced oil recovery Method of water flooding, gas injection in oil reservoirs, gasrecycling in gas condensate reservoirs, thermal recovery methods (hotfluid displacement, steam injection, in-situ combustion, miscible flooding, chemical flooding, advanced topics in E.O.R. PE 604 Reservoir Simulation II Review of single and two phase flow simulation, simultaneous flow of oil, gas, water, initialisation of three system, IMPES method, SS method, SEQ method, treatment of individual wells, estimating of well presuure from block pressure, simulation of naturally fractured reservoirs, dual porosity model, dual porosity and dual permeability model, advanced topics in reservoir simulation.

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D epartment of P etroleum Engineering PE 607 Advanced well testing II Well testing of a well in a naturally fractured reservoir, testing of layers reservoir ( with cross-flow reservoir, composite reservoirs), well testing of horizontal wells in gas reservoirs (case og tight and high permeabiltiy reservoir), multiple-wells testing in hetrogeneous and anisotropic reservoirs, use of pressure derivative method in well testing, computer aided pressure. PE 608 Formation evaluation Rock mechanics in formation evaluation, petrophysics, permeability from well logs, pressure measurements using DST, RFT and MDT logs, fracture detection techniques in reservoir evaluation, using EPT logs in formation evaluation (CRIM & CTA method of interpretation), TDT and GST logs in cased holes, cyber look technique in quick formation evaluation near wells. PE 611 Drilling Fluid Technology Type of drilling fluids, rheological properties of drilling fluids, rheological models, field-applications of drilling fluids, problems associated with drilling fluids, solid control of drilling fluids. Lifting capacity of drilling fluids. Special application of drilling fluids (HPHT wells, horizontal & directional wells, slim holes). Advanced topics in mud technology. PE 614 Optimization Techniques II Advanced topics in linear programming. Network analysis. Dynamic programming. Non-linear programming. Constrained and unconstrained optimization techniques. Geometric programming. Queuing modelling. Invertory modelling. Simulation modelling. PE 615 Advanced numerical analysis Type of errors. Stability. Interpolation and approximation(the finite divided difference, piecewise polynomial, piecewise cubic polynomail or cubic spline, least squres method, orthogonal polynomail). Solution of non-linear equations (accelration technique, stopping criteria, bisection method, secant method, Newton-Raphson method, Muller’s method). solution of system of linear equations. System of non-linear equations(simple itration method, Newton-Raphson method, finite difference Newton-Raphson, Broyden’s method). solution of partial differential equations by finite difference, ADIP, other type of explicit and implicit methods, finite elements.

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