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Aviation and Space

The Glenn L. Martin Maryland Aviation Museum Newsletter

Summer 2011

Defending Freedom on Four Continents The Maryland Air National Guard 1980-2011 By Dennis Staszak

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n 1982, the Air Guard's facilities at Martin State Airport was formally renamed in honor of Major General Edwin Warfield Ill, and since then has been known as Warfield Air National Guard Base. But it wasn't until the next decade that things started to heat up for the Maryland Air Guard. 1991 saw a number of unit personnel mobilized to fill support roles as the Persian Gulf War filled the headlines. That year also marked the 175th earning recognition as the best fighter unit in the Air Force. The honor was a result of the unit's victory in Gunsmoke, the U.S. Air Force Worldwide Gunnery Competition. The 1351h stayed busy in the 1990s by participating in humanitarian relief efforts in Somalia, peacekeeping and humanitarian relief in Bosnia, the U.S, intervention in Haiti and the enforcement of United Nation's sanctions against Iraq. Not to be outdone, the 1751h flew its A-10s patrolling the skies over Bosnia and enforcing the "no-flt zone over southern Iraq. The Iraq mission resulted in a series of retaliatory strikes against Iraqi targets.

The 1351h and 175 1 h were merged in June 1996 to form the 1751h Wing, carrying on the heritage and honors of the 175th Fighter Group precursor. The "new" 1751h was formed as a composite organization which inMaryland Warthog A ·10 on wing of F-16 on win of F-18. cluded an Air ComA\';ano AB, Italy- 1994 bat Command fighter unit, an Air Mobility airlift unit, evaluation process of this aircraft. a U.S. Air Forces in Europe civil engineer flight and, since 2006, a netSince Septf:mber 11, 2001, work warfare squadron. The wing members of ths 175th wing have rebecame the first fully equipped Cpeatedly volunteered or have been 130J unit in the United States Air mobilized to take part in the Global Force. The C-130J is the latest and War on Terrorism. The 1041h Fighter most advanced version of the cla!,;sic Squadron was deployed to Bagram workhorse C-130 series. It received (Continued on page 7) its first J model in 1999 and had played a major role in the testing and In 1 his Issue evaluation of the aircraft and its procedures. MD Air Nat. Guard I Museum Events 2 The Air Force also selected the Time Capsule 4 wing to be the lead unit in converting Museum Update 6 to the new "precision engagement" Speaker Program Sch ~e 7 A-10C- fittingly so, as the wing was deeply involved in the testing and The Glenn L. Martin Maryland Aviation Museum, Inc. P.O. Box 5024, Middle River MD 21220 (410) 682-6122

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Museum News, Events and Programs By Debi Wynn Makeover Sponsorships

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makeover is in the works for the Maryland Room as the Exhibits Committee prepares a new exhibit on World War II Martin employees and their contributions to the war effort and aviation history. Materials exhibited on the current panels and in exhibit cases will be transformed into 1940 ' s memories . Participate in this makeover as a panel sponsor and honor your family member or friend who worked at the Glenn L. Martin Company. Your $100 sponsorship will be recognized with your name and the name of your honoree displayed on a panel. This unique sponsorship is an excellent opportunity for offering as a gift on a birthday, or Father's Day, belated Mother's Day or as a special recognition for a job well done. Your support of this project will assist the Exhibits Committee in providing a quality informative exhibit that will take the Museum through the next decade and sharing the story of the people working for Glenn L. Martin who forever changed the landscape of eastern Baltimore County. The deadline for registering sponsorships is June 24th. For sponsorship forms, visit the Museum or e-mail to [email protected] or call 410-682-6122.

County Commission on Arts and Sciences and the Marion I. & Henry J. Knott Founda tion, are to motivate students for the learning process with the excitement of Museum volunteers at the volunteer thank you reception In April flight and to engage their thinking skills for thinking about the next nity for volunteers representing every generation of aircraft. These stucommittee and work area to celedents are the future aerospace engibrate the accomplishments of the neers, scientists, and astronauts and past year. the Museum is working to inspire the children's imaginations for contributMuseums Helping Museums ing to future aerospace projects. For schools or youth organizations interThe Museum thanks Allan Spreested in scheduling a Museum outcher, freelance restorationist and reach visit or a visit to the Museum, photographer, and the National call Debi Wynn at 410-682-6122 or Building Museum staff in Washinge-mail to educaton, D.C., for providing the Museum [email protected] a supply of exhibit cases. Ted Coo(photo) per, Stan Piet and Jeff Michael led a crew of Museum folks who picked up National Volunteers Month Celeand unloaded this donated supply of bration cases that were no longer used by the National Building Museum. The Museum held its third anThese cases of various sizes will nual Volunteers Reception during assist our Museum in its exhibit deApril, National Volunteers Month. velopment. This gathering offered the opportu(Commued on page 3)

On the Road Again

The Museum's Education Team, led by Carole Clarke, soared into Spring as it took its rocket activity "To Infinity and Beyond!" on the road and spent a day at Villa Cresta Elementary School and its third grade students. Accompanying this handson activity was the interactive musical "Right Place, Right Time, Wright Brothers" featuring Orville and Wilbur Wright and their sister Katherine as it follows them on their journey to conquer the mysteries of flight. The goals of these programs, made possible in part thanks to grant support from the Baltimore

Actress Rhonda Robinson, portraying a VV\11111 Canton Rosie gets the Inside scoop of a Rosie the Riveter experience from a real Rosie at the Museum's April event recognizing Wilbur Wright's birthday.

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Museum News & Events key to the Museum providing quality service to visitors and the community. To ensure that everyone is receiving needed updates on what's happening, from new exhibit materials to where new gift shop stock is stored to new restoration projects to new policies put into effect, a new Volunteer InformaThe Museum's Education Programs Manager Carole Clarke tion Program will be leads students visttlng the Museum in demonstrating action/reaction as held the first Monthey prepare to build rockets. day of each month from 6 - 6:45pm. (Continuedfrom page 2) prior to the Speakers Series presentation. This Volunteer Information Program, VIP, will be held in the MuAnother museums helping museseum's new space next to the Muums networking opportunity has proseum's gallery space in Hangar 5. If vided the Museum with an additional this is generally your dinner hour, copy machine. The Museum plan the first Monday of each month thanks Jeffrey P. Buchheit, Director, as your brown bag supper night and Baltimore National Heritage Area bring your dinner with you to eat as and Judy Miller, Friends of President you catch up with what's happening Street Station, for this newest office at the Museum. And if you are not resource that supplies the Museum yet a volunteer but are considering with a copier that offers various printcontributing your time, skills and taling options. ents to the Museum, these VIP sessions will provide you with what's happening and the opportunity to meet volunteers. For additional information, contact Debi Wynn.

seum's Meet the Authors Day in March will be returning for this event with his book •Hearts Away, Bombs Away." Organizations or individuals interested in participating on this day can contact Debi Wynn at [email protected] or 410-6826122 for further information. It's Flying High Time For the past several years, the Museum has been offering an afternoon of aviation fun for children on the second Wednesdays of July and August, thanks in part to grant support from the Baltimore County Commission on Arts and Sciences and the Marion I. & Henry J. Knott Foundation. This program is again being offered with the return of summer for 2011 . The August Flying High is sold-out! However, Wednesday, July 13, from 1Oam - 2pm does have openings. The Program Fee for this summertime event is $6 for children and $3 for adults. As seating is limited, reservations are required. For additional information, contact Debi Wynn at education@ marylandaviationmuseum.org or 410-682-6122.

National Aviation Day

Rebekah Ginsburg. 8th Grader at Franklin Middle School, interviews "Rosie" Vera Green of Eastern Aircraft for her student oral history project.

Volunteers VIP Night As the Museum's attendance grows with new exhibits being offered, education programs implemented and special events expanding, proactive communication within the Museum's volunteer ranks is the

Mark you calendar for a fun, aviation-filled day at the Museum. The Museum is celebrating National Aviation Day on Saturday, August 20th from 11am - 2pm. Joining the Museum for this event with displays and information are various aviationrelated organizations, including the AIAA, the 99's, the Baltimore Chapter of the American Rosie the Riveter Association, the Aviation Department of the Community College of Baltimore County and others yet to be confirmed. Author Vincent dePaul Gisriel, who participated in the Mu-

Daniel, another 8th grader in Baltimore County Schools, interviews "Rosie" Rose Yingling of the Martin Aircraft Company for his oral history project

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TIME CAPSULE- Martin's Mareng Cells Go to War By AI LaPorte hortly after noon time on April18111, 1942, a mere 132 days following the attack on Pearl Harbor, 16 North American B-25 medium bombers swept over the Japanese coastline and proceeded to Tokyo with their cargo of incendiary and demolition bombs. Led by Lt. Col. Jimmy Doolittle, the raid, while resulting in limited physical damage to Tokyo, shattered the Japanese empire's sense of invulnerability and gave a much needed boost to the American people's morale.

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The Doolittle Raid was prepared for in great detail and the strictest secrecy. Without any land based fields within range of Japan even for heavy bombers planners concluded that the only option was to launch the attack from an aircraft carrier. This limited the aircraft selection to medium bombers. Candidate aircraft were the Douglas B-18 Bolo, its successor the B-23 Dragon, North American's B-25 Mitchell, and the Martin B-26 Marauder. The selection criteria required that the aircraft be able to take off from the deck of an aircraft carrier within 500 ft fully loaded with extra fuel and ordnance. Doolittle quickly concluded that the only available aircraft capable of the mission would be the B-25. In reviewing the aircraft performance figures he saw that the unusually high wing loading of the B-26 required take off speeds unattainable within 500 feet when fully loaded. The Douglas B-23 was ruled out because of its 92 foot wingspan (there was concern over the possibility of a wing clipping the carrier's island during takeoff). The B-25, with a span of 67.5 feet and a short take off capability, was the only aircraft deemed capable of performing a carrier takeoff under these mission conditions. And so it was that the Martin B26, a plane that would subsequently prove itself in all the global war theaters, was not the aircraft of choice for this historic mission. However,

Glenn L. Martin was soon to learn that his company had a key role to play in the Doolittle mission. That story was not made public until much later in 'NWII and is told in this issue's Time Capsule press release:

Press Release #826, March 26, 1945 "A part of "ShangriLa", it was revealed today, lies on the shores of the Chesapeake. With U.S. planes by the hundreds hammering at Japan, it is now disclosed by the Glenn L. Martin Company, Baltimore, MaryMareng cells came in a variety of siz~s and s~apes. This unit land, that special synshows typical construction details thetic rubber fuel tanks provided the added December, 1937. This was the origicruising range which made possible the initial Doolittle raid over Tokyo. nal Mareng cell - a development For the first time it can be told that preliminary to the Mareng selfan extra 163 gallons of high octane sealing fuel tanks with which the gas in these flexible, fluid-tight MaMartin Marauder was the first military reng ("Mar" for Martin, "Eng" for engiplane to be equipped. · we want as much gasoline as neering) cells, specially adapted to the occasion, added approximately you can get into the craw/way of the 500 miles to the emergency cruising B-25", Colonel Cook told the engirange of each of the B-25 Mitchell neers. He added that the project was bombers which pioneered the sky both secret and urgent. road to Tokyo in April, 1942. Since So the engineers went to work. the planes actually took off from their They had only a few weeks to comcarrier-base several hundred miles plete the job, and no first-hand inforfarther out at sea than had been mation to guide them. All the measplanned, those 500 extra miles prourements supplied to them were convided the margin between success tained in one meager blueprint sketch. They designed a flexible bag and failure. It was in January, 1942, that of the usual light, synthetic rubber Colonel Frank Cook, at Wright Field, coated fabric. When filled the bag Ohio, made a hurried long distance would completely block the crawlcall to engineers at the Glenn L. Marway, whose structure supported the tin Company, Baltimore, Maryland. fluid load so that the bag itself took He requested them to design and no strain. When empty, it could be supeNise the manufacture of a flexirolled up out of sight. ble fuel cell of the non self-sealing Specifications were rushed to the variety, to fit into a specified cavity in U. S. Rubber Company, Mishawaka, the fuselage of a Mitchell bomber. Indiana, which handled the manufacPatent rights of a cell of this type, turing end. Taken to Woldcapable of being manufactured to fit Chamberlain Field, Minneapolis, any empty space desired, had been Minnesota, for a fitting, the comassigned to the Martin Company in pleted cells were found to need a

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TIME CAPSULE fe w last minute alterations, which were promptly made. When Colonel Cook's representative was satisfied, he wired the man most directly interested. Next day Colonel Doolittle appeared at the field. He came alone, flying an old P-40 pursuit ship with the generator burned out, so that he had to crank his landing gear down by hand. After breakfast with the engineers, he went immediately to the hangar, where he assisted in installing the first of the new tanks. At six-thirty the following morning, with the thermometer at 25 below, the flying Colonel was out on the field again. He watched the cell being filled with its initial load of high octane gas. When it appeared to hold half a gallon less than the predicted amount, he climbed on a ladder and shook the fuselage tail up and down. As a result, the tank took a gallon more - and was thus half a gallon above specifications. Finally Doolittle climbed into the pilot's seat to sniff for possible gas fumes. Since all the stitching and seams of the Mareng cell were covered with cemented strips to insure their being liquid-tight and reinforcements were added at fitting locations, there was no chance for fumes to escape. Smiling, Doolittle explained he had wanted to make sure it would be safe for his boys to smoke at the controls. Within the week, more planes arrived to pick up additional fuel tanks. From there they flew to Eglin Field, Florida, where, as is now known, they practiced maneuvers for the take-off from the carrier. Then they disappeared into the blue, heading for the unknown. During the installation at Minneapolis and also during the tests at Eglin Field, both planes and fuel cells were under the constant guard of military police. From beginning to end the strictest secrecy had pervaded the entire project. Only after the first Tokyo raid was over and the majority of the crews had reached safety did those who had worked on the fuel tank project guess its purpose and the significance of the so-

called "Doolittle Projecr. A commendatory telegram dated May 21, 1942, was received from Brigadier General James H. Doolittle. Thus - though the facts were not otherwise made public - a handful of Martin engineers and U. S. Rubber Company employees learned officially of their contribution to the Doolittle raid on Tokyo."

Japanese picket ships and the Navy was forced to conduct a premature mission launch approximately 700 miles from the Japanese coastline, thus further increasing fuel demands. So critical was the fuel issue that in addition to the Mareng tanks each aircraft carried a number of gasoline cans for supplementing the fuel supply. The flight crews were instructed not to dispose of the empty cans during flight lest they provide a trail back to the carrier force.

"Shangri-La" as referred to in the press release relates to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's response to inquiries from the press Martin's Macorps shortly after reng tank conthe Doolittle Raid cept contributed was announced. to the war effort When queried as in many ways. to where the Readily transplanes came from ported in its his response was empty state in a the fi c tional collapsed form "Shangri-La" in A Doolittle Raider, poised at full throttle, awaits and in large order to maintain quantities, the the signal to re lease the brakes and the maximum head for Japan. Mareng fuel cell secrecy associprovided vital ated with the mission. The mission support to General Patton's rapid thrust into France and Germany folwas launched from the USS Hornet lowing D-Day. During the island hopaircraft carrier accompanied by a small naval task force. ping stage of the Pacific war, Mareng cells enabled the rapid establishment The criticality of the increased of advanced airbases supporting flight range that the Mareng tanks both fighter aircraft and 8-29 heavy afforded to the mission and the surbombers carrying the fight to Japan's homeland. On Makin Island a tank vival of many of the flight crews cannot be denied. Initial planning profarm consisting of numerous Mareng oells was established with a storage jected that, following the bombing of capability approaching 200,000 galJapan, the aircraft would proceed northwest and land in Soviet terrilons. tory. The Soviets, reluctant to assist in any actions against Japan and Using the basic Mareng tank thus expose themselves to a two concept, engineers developed a self front war, refused access to the 8sealing version of the cell for use in 25's. The remaining alternate was to aircraft including Martin's 8-26 Madirect the aircraft southwest following rauder and numerous other warthe raid and land in Chinese territory planes. not yet occupied by the Japanese. This required much longer flight All in all, the Mareng cell concept times. found a host of applications in the war effort but none more dramatic than the time they flew with Jimmy Mission planning projected launching the aircraft between 400Doolittle to Tokyo. 500 miles from the Japanese mainland. As the task force approached Japan it was sighted by

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HANGAR TALK

Museum Update By Bob Byrnes he year is moving quickly and great things are in store for your Museum. The May bus trip to the Open House and Air Show at Andrews Air Base was a sellout and people are talking about the possibility of making it an annual event. Let us know what you think.

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Guard said it will tow a C-130 near the airport control tower for a last chance for people to get a close look at the aircraft before the last one flies out. The base soon will be home to new C-27J Spartan aircraft. The Museum will be involved in the open house, so if you are interested, contact us.

Looking ahead to the fall, the Museum will host Gemini XLV, commemorating the anniversary of the Summer promises to be a busy space program that Martin Company time. Several activities for people of was a big part of. On September 24, the day will start with a panel discusall ages are planned. At the end of sion featuring people who saw the August the Maryland Air National historic program up close. The day ends with a benefit dinner/ dance at the Sparrows Point Country Club. The musical entertainment will be provided by The Ellis Woodward Trio. The night promises to be exciting with live music and, for the first time, a silent auction. If you want to help, give us a call. The honorary co-chairmen Gemini Astronauts at Martin Company of the event are in 1960's

retired astronaut Thomas D. Jones and retired Gen. Guy Walsh. The state and the FAA temporarily restricted access for visitors to the static line at Strawberry Point. Regular tours should resume when new security measures and guidelines for docents and volunteers have put in place. Training sessions for those conducting tours were to be scheduled when all parties have checked off on the new measures. And reluctantly, the Museum has had to respond to the rising costs of providing services to members and visitors by raising annuals. The new dues schedule, effective immediately, is: Individual, $35 Senior/Student $25 Family $50 Contributing $75 Supporting $1 00 Patron $250 Lifetime $1 ,000 The Museum is committed to providing the best experience to its members and guests. Several exciting projects are planned for the coming year to make your membership even more valuable.

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Maryland Air National Guard {Continuedfrom page I)

Air Base in Afghanistan from January to June 2003. There it flew strike missions against Taliban and al Qaeda forces and earned the distinction of being the longest-deployed Air National Guard fighter squadron at Bagram.

Upcoming Speaker Program Schedule Summer 2011

June 6: Tom Jones - Retired NASA Astronaut will focus on the legacy of manned space flight with the upcoming end of the Shuttle program. July 11: Billy Tooma will show his documentary on Clarence Chamberlin, the second man to fly solo across the Atlantic.

The Public Museum Speaker Programs are held on the first Monday of the month Jan.-Nov. (except holidays). In case of Inclement weather, the program will be cancelled If Lockheed Martin or the Baltimore County schools are closed. For further lnfonnatlon contact the Museum at 410·682-6122 or go to the Museum's web site: www.marylandavlatJonmuseum.org. Speaker programs begin at 7 pm. In the Lockheed Martin auditorium at 2323 Eastem Boulevard (Route 150), Middle River, MD adjacent to the Martin State Airport. The public Is welcome to this free event A photo ID Is required of all attendees. Children must be escorted by an adult with a photo ID.

An appeal•.• August 1: Dr. Edward Hawkins of the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory will talk about the Messenger spacecraft, which is now orbiting Mercury in a year-long mission. Lt. Col. Gene Szarowicz at Southern Watch in Southern Iraq - 1997

This has been a challenging time financially for everyone. Please consider a donation to help your Museum continue to offer the services that benefit both its members and the community. Thank you

From December 2004 through January 2007, elements the 1351h Airlift Group flew airlift missions throughout the combat theater as part of the 7461h Expeditionary Airlift Squadron and maintained a continuous presence of two aircraft and personnel in Afghanistan from April through September 2008. Not to be outdone, the 1041h Fighter Squadron became the first unit to take the A1OC into combat when it deployed to AI Asad Air Base in Iraq in September 2007. Not all of the Maryland A ir National Guard's missions were overseas. In 2005, the 1751h Wing was among the first responders to the aftermath of Hurricanes Katrina and Rita, flying 42 relief missions and deploying almost 200 troops to support recovery and relief efforts in Louisiana and Mississippi. In addition, numerous wing members were deployed to the U.S. - Mexican border from 2006 to 2008 as part of Operation Jump Start, the National Guard mission supporting the U.S. Border Patrol. Over its 90-year history, the Maryland Air National Guard has (Contmued 011 page 8)

In Search of Donations 1. Telegraph key is needed for an upcoming education program. 2. Carpet tiles for the Maryland Room 3. Small old suitcases 4. A pair of Martinalls 5. A flat screen TV with a built in DVD player for the Maryland Room's new exhibit

Museum Team Executive Director. Bob Byrnes Archives Curator. Stan Piet Aircraft Committee: Ted Cooper, Jeff Michael Administrative Coordinator: Ernie Pascal Education/Special events: Debi Wynn Education Programs Manager: Carole Clarke Museum Docents: Urb Linn Gift Shop: Urb Linn, Dennis Staszak, Jane Michael Volunteer Coordinator: Vacancy Marketing/Communications: John Tipton (Jtea Communications) Museum Contact: [email protected]

Help Support the Museum with your DONATIONS: If you are considering a donation to a non-profit, please consider making your donation to the Museum. Your contribution will make a difference as we expand our programs in 2011 . In support of our expanding operation the Museum also seeks donations of materials and equipment Special needs exist in the following areas: • Material handling equipment (Fork lifts, pallet jacks, dollies, carts) • Metal working equipment (Lathes, milling machines, shears, brakes, etc.) • Wood working equipment (Saws, planers, jointers, drill presses, sanders, etc.) • Electric/air powered and manual hand tools • Cleaning equipment (floor sweepers, shop vacuum cleaners) • Rivets •Martin Co. memorabilia - \ftJ\/1111 era for educational program use

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Maryland Air National Guard

Editor/Layout: John Tipton Jtea Communications Story-Ignition Marketing www.jteacomm.com (410) 918-0578 Editorial Contributors: Dennis Staszak, John Tipton, Bob Byrnes, Debi Wynn, AI La Porte Photography Contributors: Oebi Wynn, Maryland Air Nat

Guard, Museum Archives Glenn L Martin Maryland Aviation M...um P.OBox 5024 Middle River, MD 21220 Phone: (410) 682-6122 Fax: (410) 682-8699 Send address changes and comments to: [email protected]

Home of the MD Air National Guard (Warfield Air National Guard Base) Martin State Airport in 1991 photo

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been asked to take on many missions, both near and far and has proven itself time and again when caiJed upon to serve its nation. It's a

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history that everyone in any way affiliated with this remarkable unit can take pride in .. . and look forward to another nine decades of exemplary service.

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