Deer Tolerant Missouri Native Plants This list has been compiled from eight online sources (there are many more). Some sources were fairly scientific in their approach, others were based on observation. They all agree that no plant is deer proof, and plants that deer avoid in one area may be their favorite in other areas. A good article can be found at http://mdc.mo.gov/conmag/2003/04/deer-gardening

Number of references Botanical name (out of 8) 4 1 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 1 2 3 5 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 4 1 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 1 2

Achillea millefolium Adiantum capillus-veneris Adiantum pedatum Aesculus pavia Allium sp. Allium canadense Allium stellatum Amelanchier arborea Amorpha fruticosa Amsonia ciliata Amsonia illustris Andropogon gerardii Aquilegia canadensis Aralia spinosa Arisaema dracontium Arisaema triphylum Arnoglossum plantagineum Artemisia sp Aruncus dioicus Asarum canadense Asclepias incarnata Asclepias syriaca Asclepias tuberosa Asclepias viridis Asimina triloba Aster species Aster novae-angliae Aster oblongifolius Baptisia alba Baptisia australis Baptisia bracteata Betula nigra Bignonia capreolata Boltonia asteroides Bouteloua curtipendula Bouteloua gracilis Buchloe dactyloides

Common name Yarrow Southern maidenhair fern Maidenhair fern Red buckeye wild onion species Wild garlic Fall glade onion Serviceberry Indigo bush Threadleaf bluestar Shining bluestar Big bluestem Columbine Hercules' club Green dragon Jack in the pulpit Groovestem indian plantain (white sage) White goat's beard Wild ginger Marsh milkweed Common milkweed Butterfly weed Spider milkweed Paw paw (aster) New England aster Aromatic aster White wild indigo Blue wild indigo Cream wild indigo River birch Cross vine False aster Sideoats grama Blue grama Buffalo grass

Deer Tolerant Missouri Native Plants Number of references Botanical name (out of 8) 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 2 1 1 2 3 1 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 1

Callicarpa americana Callirhoe involucrata Campsis radicans Carex annectens Carex muskingumensis carex spp Carex stricta Ceanothus herbaceus Celastrus scandens Cephalanthus occidentalis Cercis canadensis (REDBUD) Chasmanthium latifolium Chionanthus virginicus Cocculus carolinus Coreopsis lanceolata Coreopsis tinctoria Cornus florida Corylus sp Cotinus obovatus Crataegus viridis Dalea candida Dalea purpurea Delphinium sp Desmanthus illinoensis Dirca palustris Echinacea pallida Echinacea paradoxa Echinacea purpurea Echinacea simulata Elymus canadensis Equisetum hyemale var. affine erigeron spp Eryngium yuccifolium Erythronium Eupatorium coelestinurn Geranium maculatum Glandularia canadensis Hamamelis vernalis Hamamelis virginiana Helenium autumnale Helianthus annuus

Common name American beauty berry Purple poppy mallow Trumpet creeper Yellowfruit sedge Palm sedge (sedge) Tussock sedge Prairie redroot American bittersweet Buttonbush Also shows up on lists of "frequently damaged" River oats Fringe tree Carolina moonseed Lanceleaf coreopsis Plains coreopsis Flowering dogwood (hazelnut) Smoke tree Green hawthorn White prairie clover Purple prairie clover (larkspur) Illinois bundleflower Leatherwood Pale purple coneflower Yellow coneflower Purple coneflower Glade coneflower Canada wild rye Scouring rush (fleabane) Rattlesnake master (trout lily) Mist flower Wild geranium Rose verbena Ozark witch hazel American witch hazel Sneeze weed Annual sunflower

Deer Tolerant Missouri Native Plants Number of references Botanical name (out of 8) 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1

Heuchera sp Hibiscus lasiocarpos Hydrangea arborescens Hypericum prolificum Ilex decidua ilex opaca Impatiens campensis Iris brevicaulis Iris cristata Iris sp. Iris virginica Itea virginica Juncus effusus Juniperus virginiana Justicia americana Liatris aspera Liatris mucronata Liatris pycnostachya Liatris scariosa Liatris squarrosa Liatris spp. Lindera benzoin Liriodendron tulipifera Lobelia cardinalis Lobelia siphilitica Lobelia spp Lythrum alatum Manfreda virginica Matteuccia struthiopteris Mertensia virginica Monarda bradburiana Monarda citriodora Monarda fistulosa Nelumbo lutea Nuphar lutea Nyssa sylvatica Oenothera macrocarpa Oenothera speciosa Oenothera triloba Onoclea sensibilis Opuntia humifusa

Common name (alum root) Rose mallow Wild hydrangea Shrubby St. John's wort Deciduous holly American holly Jewel weed Short-stemmed iris Dwarf crested iris (iris) Southern blue flag Virginia sweet spire Soft rush Eastern red cedar American water willow Rough blazing star Bottlebrush blazing star Prairie blazing star Eastern blazing star Scaly blazing star (blazing star) Spicebush Tulip poplar Cardinal flower Blue lobelia Winged loosestrife False aloe Ostrich fern Virginia bluebells Bee balm Lemon bee balm Wild bergamot American lotus Spatterdock Black gum Missouri primrose Showy primrose Stemless evening primrose Sensitive fern Prickly pear cactus

Deer Tolerant Missouri Native Plants Number of references Botanical name (out of 8) 1 2 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 3 1 3 3 2 1 1 2 1 4

Opuntia macrorhiza Palafoxia callosa (palafoxia) Panicum virgatum Parthenocissus quinquefolia Passiflora incarnata Passiflora lutea Pedicularis canadensis Penstemon cobaea Penstemon digitalis Phlox divaricata Physostegia virginiana Phytolacca americana Platanus occidentalis Podophyllum Polanisia dodecandra ssp. trachysperma Polemonium reptans Polystichum acrostichoides Pontederia cordata Potentilla sp. Ptelea trifoliata Pycnanthemum pilosum Pycnanthemum tenuifolium Pycnanthemum virginianum Quercus bicolor Ratibida columnifera Rhammus sp Rhus aromatica rhus spp Ribes sp Rubus sp. Rudbeckia fulgida Rudbeckia hirta Rudbeckia missouriensis Salvia azurea salvia spp Sambucus canadensis Sambucus racemosa Sanguinaria canadensis Sassafras albidum Saururus cernuus Schizachyrium scoparium

Common name Prickly pear cactus Small palafox Switch grass Virginia creeper Passion flower Yellow passion flower Wood betony Purple beard tongue Foxglove beard tongue Wild sweet william Obedient plant American pokeweed Sycamore (may apple) Red-whiskered clammy weed Jacob's ladder Christmas fern Pickerel weed (cinquefoil) Wafer ash Hairy mountain mint slender mountain mint Virginia mountan mint Swamp white oak Longhead coneflower (buckthorn) Fragrant sumac (sumac) (gooseberry) (blackberry) Orange / Showy coneflower Blackeyed susan Missouri coneflower Blue sage (salvia) Elderberry Red-berried elder Bloodroot Sassafras Lizard's tail Little bluestem

Deer Tolerant Missouri Native Plants Number of references Botanical name (out of 8) 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Scutellaria incana Sedum ternatum Senecio obovatus senecio spp Senna marilandica Sisyrinchium spp Solidago drummondii Solidago flexicaulis Solidago nemoralis Solidago rigida Solidago spp Solidago speciosa Sorghastrum nutans Sporobolus heterolepis Stylophourm diphyllum Talinum calycinum Taxodium distichum Tephrosia virginiana Thalia dealbata Thelesperma filifolium Toxicodendron radicans Tradescantia sp. Trillium sp Tripsacum dactyloides Verbesina helianthoides Veronicastrum virginicum Viburnum dentatum Viburnum lentago Viburnum prunifolium Viburnum rufidulum Viola pedata Viola sororia Viola spp yucca spp

Common name Downy skullcap Wild stonecrop Squaw weed (groundsel) Wild senna (blue-eyed grass) Cliff goldenrod Zigzag goldenrod Gray goldenrod Rigid goldenrod (goldenrod) Showy goldenrod Indian grass Prairie dropseed Celandine poppy Rock pink Bald cypress Goat's rue Water canna Stiff greenthread Poison ivy (spiderwort) (trillium) Eastern gamma grass Wingstem Culver's root Arrow wood Nannyberry Black haw Rusty black haw Bird's foot violet Common blue violet (violet) (yucca)