Deep Drilling in Crystalline Bedrock Volume 2: Review of Deep Drilling Projects, Technology, Sciences and Prospects for the Future Proceedings of the International Symposium held in Mora and Orsa, September 7-10 1987 Edited by

A. Boden and K . G. Eriksson

With 283 Figures

Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York London Paris Tokyo

Contents

Open i ng Remarks Welcoming at the 3rd International Symposium on Observation o f the Continental Crust throug h Drilling , Mora and Orsa , Sweden , Septembe r 7- 10 , 1987 K. G. Eriksson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

3

Opening Speech of the 3rd International Symposium on Observation of t he Continental Crust through Drilling , Mora and Orsa , Sweden , September 7 - 10 , 1987 County governor Lilly Hansson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

S

Dr i lling for Deep Gas in the Siljan Impact Structure I . Wivstad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

6

Opening Ceremony Remarks M. T . llalbouty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

7

Continental Scientific Drilling - A Scientific Frontier F . G. Stehli . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9

International Review of Deep Drilling Projects Experience from Crystalline Rock Drilling and Technology Directi ons for Effective Ultra- deep Coring and Drilling J . C . Rowley and F . J . Schuh (With 2 1 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

13

Deep Structure of Early Precambrian Continental Crust (Kola Super- deep Well) E. B. Nalivkina (With 10 Figures) ...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... .. .. . .

54

The German Continental Deep Dri lling Progr am , Targets and State of \-Jork H. J . Behr , P . Kehrer and H. Rischmliller (With 11 Figures) .......

64

The Ocean Drilling Program P . D. Rabinovli tz , L . Garrison , A. Meyer and J . Baldauf (With 4 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

82

DOSECC ' s Deep Scientific Drilling Project at Cajon Pass , California T . L. Henyey , A. H. Lachenbruch , L . T . Silver and M. D. Zoback (With 5 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

92

Problems of Ultra Deep Exploration in the Alpine Region of Central Europe H. F . Spoerker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102

VIII The " Deep Geology of France" Programme . The First Three Soreholes in Crystalline Rocks C . Megnien (With 7 Figures) . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . 107 The Appalachian Ultradeep Core Hole (ADCOH) Project R. D. Hatche r J r, R . T . Williams , S . H. Edelman , J . K. Costain , C . Coruh , R. A . Phinney , K. Roy-Chm1dury , E . R . Deck er , M. D. Zoback , D. Moos and R.N . Anderson (With 1 7 Figures) . . . . . . . . 117 Deep Crustal Drilling , Texas Gu l f Coast , United State s of Ameri ca W.R . Muehlberger , W. E . Galloway , L . S . Land, J . M. Sharp , D.S. Sawyer and M. P . R. Light (With 6 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155 Results f rom Shallow Research Drilling· at Inyo Domes, Long Valley Caldera , California, and the Salton sea Geothermal Field , Salton Trough , California L . W. Younker , J . C . Eichelberger, P.W. Kasameyer, R. L . Newmark and T . A. Vogel (With 10 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . 1 72 Scientific Drilling in Canada - Past and Future M. J. Drury and J .M. Hall (With 2 Figures) ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 89 The Contribution of Drilling to British Deep Geology A. Whittaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . 1 95 Technical Papers Cajon Pass Scientific Drilling Project : Phase I Overview R. S . Andrews, R. J . Johnson and J.C. Schillo {With 5 Figures)

205

The Drilling Concept of the Continental Deep Drilling Program of the Federal Republic of Germany (KTB) C . Chur and A . Sperber (With 6 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • 224 Bit Design for Crystalline Rock J.S. Dahlem {With 1 1 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . 235 Coring Tools for Application in Crystalline Rock J . Oppelt and V . Kriiger (With 29 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262 Modern Exploration by Deep Slim Hole Drilling a nd Wire Line Coring G . Peterson (With 1 Figure) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . 286 Deep Hole Drillin g with Wireline Equipment J. R . Savage . . . . . . . . . .. .. ... .. . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295 Future Development of Ultraslim Hole Drilling Technique and its Place in Deeper Exploration Drilling J . Macsik . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301 A New High Temperature Stable Drilling Mud Additive for Geological and Deep Drilling Operations c.-P. Herold, H. MUller and s . von Tapavicza (With 8 Figures)

. .. 306

Formation Microscanner Tool Imaging and Laterolog Resistivity Measurements in Interpretation of Crystalline Terrains R. Cull {With 8 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 15

IX

comparison of Rotating Times for Deep Wells N.D . tlortimer and S . T . ~1inett HHth 3 Figures)

328

Significance of Ma terial Softening for the Analysis of Deep Borehole Stabi lity c. Lempp (Wi th 13 Figures) ... . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. ... .. .... . .... 333 Scien t ific Papers Project Upper Crust : A Program to Sample the Precambrian Basement of the Midcontinent Region of North America Usi n g Industrial Dri ll Holes w. R. van Schmus , ~I. E . Bickford and L . R. Latham (With 1 Figure) .. 351 Scientific Exploratio n of an Active Magma-Hydrothermal System in the Valles Caldera , New Mexico , through Drilling D. L . Nielson , J . B. Hule n , F . Goff and J . N. Gardner (With 6 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........ .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361 Initia l Resu l t s of the Sal ton Sea Scien tific Drilling Project (SSSOP ) : A Res e a rch Borehole i n a n Active Hydrothermal System i n Sout hern Cal iforn i a, U. S . A. W. A. Eld e r s (Wi t h 3 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 1 The Swedish Hot- Dry- Rock Project ; Some Preliminary Achievements T . Eliasson , U. Lindblom, R. Slunga, U. Sundqvist and T . Wallroth (With 6 Figures) . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391 Geophysical Aspects of Rece nt Deep Seismic Soundings of the German Crust P . Hubral (With 8 Figures) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... 40 1 A Pilot Ver tical Seismic Profiling Ex peri ment in the Cajon Pass Deep Scien t ifi c Dri llhole P . C . Leary, T. L . He nyey and T. V. McEvilly ( With 8 Figu res)

417

The Loggin g Str ategy for the Continental Deep Drillin g Programme of the Federal Republic of Germany R. Haenel a nd J . K. Drax ler (With 19 Figures) ......•...•......... 428 Frictional Slid ing and the Crustal Stresses R. S . Slunga (Wi th 5 Figures) ........... . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444 General Cons iderations of the Flow of Gases through the Cr us t T . Gold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .. . ....... . ....... .. . .. .• . .•.. 454 Ne w Concepts of Earth Structure a nd Poten t ial Hydrocarbo n Reser ves V.N. Ni kola e vskij (With 5 Figu res ) . ...... .. .. .. ...... . .. . ....... 4 5 8 Per meability and Paleoporosity in Crys t a l l ine Bedrocks of t he Central European Basement - Studies o f Ca t hodoluminescen ce H. J . Behr a nd K. F r entzel- Beyme (\Vith 33 Figures) .......•..••... 477

X

Prospects for the Future of Deep Drilling Frontiers in Hydrocarbon Exploration N. T. llalbouty (IVith 12 Figures) .................................

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Why Drill Deep Holes in Precambrian Basement? P. C. Gr ew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512 The Future of Scientific Drilling F. G. Stehli ........ . ........... .. . ...... ...... ... ........ ....... 523 Quantifying the Mass-Energy Fluxes Across the Geospheres : The New Challenge for the Earth Sciences w• S . Fy f e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 32