Driving Simulators at Deutsche Bahn AG / DB Mobility Logistics AG Stefan Endres / DB Training, Learning & Consulting / Munich, Germany

DB Training Stefan Endres HDL 3 Fulda, 27.09.2011

History

1991: Roll-out of the ICE 1-Trains Due to the expansion of the ICE network it became a problem to get a Train for practical Driver training

1992: Study about the usage of simulators in Driver Training for the current ICE fleet, for coming ICE (2/3/T) trains and locomotives (101/145/152), planned to be ordered

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Simulator Study

Results of the study: Lowered cost of training:

Increased quality of training:  Repeatability of training scenarios  Training in real environment  Training of situations, that would be too dangerous in reality

 No risk of damages  Reduction of training length  Real train needed for a shorter duration during a course

1994: Order of 12 simulators

+ 1998: Order of another 6 simulators DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Procurement

1996 - 2000: 12 simulators supplied 1 Simulator for ICE 1 / 2

10 Simulators for classes 101 / 145 / 152

1 Simulator for ICE 3 / T

2000 - 2005: Another 6 simulators supplied 2 Simulators for EMU classes 423 - 426

2 Simulators for classes 112 / 143

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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1 Simulator for 1 Simulator for DMU class 612 DMU class 628

Recent Changes

2003: Conversion of two existing simulators 2 Simulators for classes 101 / 145 / 152

2 Simulators for classes 185 / 189 Conversion

2005: One simulator's type of usage changed DB Akademie

1 Simulator for DMU class 628 Transferred, now used for management training

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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New & Future Projects

December 2011: Extension of simulator ICE 3/T for Velaro-D class 407

Extension

December 2015: Additional Full-Mission Simulator for the new ICx trains

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Manufacturer & Technology at a glance

Manufacturer  KMW  EADS Germany Computers  Fully PC-based  Visual System 1.400 x 1.050 Pixel

Vehicle Simulation  Behaviour simulation  Where possible and affordable: Original equipment/devices

 Operating Systems: MS Windows ® & LINUX

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Technical Issues & Abilities

Simulator:

Track Database / Environment:

 Full cabin

 3,500 km

 Replica of real driver cab & desk

 Real and Generic lines

 Engine compartment simulation by

 Real lines with slopes,

touch-screen

curves, gradients, stations, switches and signals according to reality – generic environment except significant objects

 Instructor station  Observer station with 4 to 6 seats  Local computer network

 Generic lines for specific training

 Motion system (electrical) 6 DOF

 4 different signalling systems

 DLP-projector

 Day & Night simulation + Weather conditions "Sunny", "Clear Sky", Cloudy" + Rain, Snow & Fog

 Full vehicle logic & up to 200 malfunctions relevant for driver training

 Friction coefficient adjustable

 Track logic for interaction

 All relevant operational scenarios

vehicle/track, e.g. for ATP/ATC DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

needed for driver training / assessment 8

Simulator Centres

2

5

Hamburg

Berlin 2 Potsdam

8

Magdeburg 2

Hagen

Leipzig

Cologne 6 2

1

Mainz

1

Cl. 401/402 (ICE1/2)

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2

Cl. 101/145/152

Nuremberg

3

Cl. 403/406/411/415 (ICE3/T)

2

4

Cl. 423-426

5

Cl. 112/114/143

6

Cl. 185/189

7

Cl. 612

8

Cl. 628 (DB Akademie)

3

4

5

Munich 2

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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6

Fulda

Saarbrücken 2

2

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Usage

Main usage until 2002:

Additional usage:

Conversion training

 Environmental Driving  Operational training (basic courses to become a train Driver, training for ATP / ATC, training for rules and procedures, etc.)

Main usage 2002-2009: Assessment: Every Driver, employed at Deutsche Bahn incl. its subsidiaries, has to pass an one hour Assessment run on the simulator per year

 Human Factors training  Conversion training  Training for Driving at low adhesion conditions

Main usage from 2010 on: New Concept:  Per year each Driver gets two hours of training on the simulator

All our services for Driver training and Assessment can be booked also by external companies !

 One of these two hours can be used for Assessment DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Distribution of Usage 2010

Total: ~50,000 Hrs

Training & Assessment Programme Conversion Training

Initial Training

Various DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Special Usage

Some recent projects:  2003: Environmental Driving for Drivers, employed at DB Regio and DB Fernverkehr  2003: Human Factors training “S.O.V.T.” for Drivers, employed at DB Fernverkehr  2004: “LZB CIR ELKE” ATP / ATC training for the Drivers of the Munich suburban Railway (subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn). Special note: The training was performed while the real line was still under construction  2003: Class 185 / 189 conversion training for Drivers, employed at “Railion Deutschland”  2005: Environmental Driving for Drivers, employed at “Railion Deutschland”

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Operational Concept

 All Simulators are in one hand and not operated by different

companies / divisions  Two shift operation on 5 or 6 days per week

 All instructors belong to DB Training  All instructors must own a valid license to drive trains on the German track network (Driving license class III)  All instructors must be certified examiners for train Drivers according to EN 17024  Master instructors additionally certified trainers according to EN 17024  Our processes for training development, training performance, Assessment and examinations, simulator procurement, etc. are certified according to the ISO 9001

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Competence Management

Train Driver Competence Model: 1.

Modular training system, consisting out of exactly defined training modules for every purpose in Driver training at Deutsche Bahn. Developed by a team consisting out of experts from all divisions of Deutsche Bahn

2.

Competence-based system for advanced Driver training: 

Certain number of Assessment runs on the real train: His Manager accompanies the Driver during a shift on the real train



One hour Assessment run on the simulator, performed by DB Training



The Driver Manager analyzes recent irregularities (e.g. SPADS)



The Manager holds an interview with every Driver of his team to find out potential deficits in their competence



Written test as part of the yearly classroom training



Computer check as part of the yearly CBT/WBT

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Assessment on the Simulator

Yearly Assessment run on the simulator:  At the end of every year, different scenarios for the next year’s Assessment are defined by experts from our transport divisions and from DB Training  Scenarios based on operational problems occurred during the present year & on upcoming rulebook amendments  Scenarios identical at every simulator  DB Training performs the Assessment runs on general order by the transport divisions:

Success

Failure

Results sent weekly to the Drivers’ depots

Driver manager will be informed immediately

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Simulator Assessment Procedure

1st hour used for Assessment

Safety critical failure made by driver

No safety-critical failure

2nd hour used for assessment

Assessment passed

Again safetycritical failure

No safety-critical failure

Assessment failed

Assessment passed

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

2nd hour used for Training

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Some Notes

Two important notes: DB Training is just detecting a Driver’s failure during the Assessment on the sim

+ The Driver Manager at the transport division is responsible for actions following the failed simulator assessment

=  We are a provider for training, examination and Assessment  We are not an authority DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Main Benefits

Main benefits of using simulators in Assessment: • Every scenario is possible – while driving a real Train special situations are appearing only by chance • Scenarios are identical at every simulator – the Drivers will find fair conditions, because the pool of Assessment runs is identical at every simulator • Actions are recorded – in case of discussions after the run, reliable data will be available to clear the conflict

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Recent Improvement

Introduction of a "Training Day": Two hours / single driver concept replaced by: Four drivers from the same depot at the simulator as a group The group stays for half a day Programme Content: CBT / WBT

Simulator Training (1 hr per driver, while the colleagues are at the observer stations)

Assessment on the simulator (still 1/1 driver/instructor)

Better learning experience, less stressful

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Future Thoughts

Current situation: Trainee

Trainee

Trainee

Trainee

Trainee

Trainee

Simulator

Trainee

Trainee

Trainee

Trainee

Trainee

Trainee

Trainee

Trainee

The student travels to the Simulator DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Future Thoughts

Possible future model:

The Simulator "travels" to the students DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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Thank you for your attention !

DB Training, Learning & Consulting, Stefan Endres, HDL 3, 27.09.2011

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