Cotton production in Israel in Braud M. (ed.), Campagne P. (ed.). Le coton en Méditerranée et au Moyen-Orient Montpellier : CIHEAM Options Méditerranéennes : Série Etudes; n. 1988-I 1988 pages 71-76
Article available on lin e / Article dispon ible en lign e à l’adresse : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------http://om.ciheam.org/article.php?IDPDF=CI011831 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------To cite th is article / Pou r citer cet article -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cotton produ ction in Israel. In : Braud M. (ed.), Campagne P. (ed.). Le coton en Méditerranée et au Moyen-Orient. Montpellier : CIHEAM, 1988. p. 71-76 (Options Méditerranéennes : Série Etudes; n. 1988-I) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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CIHEAM - Options Mediterraneennes 71
Cotton production in Israel The Cotton Production andMarketing Board Ltd - Tel Aviv
.Cotton growing. has been known in ancient times, but was revived only1953. in
of
classing, storing and financing the growers.
llus been very rupid, and today, cotton is grown all over the country. a4ctually,it is the main
The Board operates in full cooperation wilh the the benefit of the
..
The California SJV is the most accepted variety, producing high yieldsus well as good quality fiber. 8Yo of the arcais planted by
whole cotton industry.
- Area,
yields and varieties grown
mos^ o f t h e cotton fields are irrigated, mainly by sprinklers, but swiftly moving to drip system, which contributes to additional 25% of yield, and
Since then, and especially due to high
almost 40% of theacreage is dripped. Thou.gh all field operations are highly mechanized, farmers,aswellasresearchteams,stillmake trem.endous effort to cut labour input. 85Yo of' the lint (about
85,000 tons) is exported, consurn.ed by local
was 65 O00
is field
which consumes one
of
mills. The 160,000 tons of seed produced, are supplied both to the dairy farms for direct feeding and to the local mills.
cows,
160 O00 tons of cotton seed is of is oil.
Yields :
Cotton Board, a semi-governmental company, of
100 O00
yield was
Agriculture. T h e board is responsible for marketing o f lhe total products (lint,seed and linter). Additionally, upon Varieties : Acala SJ2 occupies A new request of the farm.ers, the Board has framed Eden 1 -occupies 7% within its estahlishment several divisiom, which - about advise the farm.ers and supervise the various stages
options
of the
CIHEAM - Options Mediterraneennes 72 of weeds by by
- Economics
is accomplished by
... 90% of the lint
of
as the local cotton Also, cottonseed is a
to 15-200 economy. Cost of is intensive usageof
of field
expensive because of needed. Total cost of as the following :
-
is 3-4
compaction.
Planting : of the end of to into soil
by is done into moist soil up.
Fertilization :
N,
needs. is
take advantage of the testing by
$3 O00
sprinkler irrigated cotton soil sampling and availability is sometimes out soil sampling N is taken 0-120 cm do on soil tests but soil type,
...
_____-__--_ TOTAL
-
of
$300 $500 $600 $500 $250 $350 $500
Ginning Capital
Lately
of soil test (Olsen) is than 12-14 ppm, level is enough ; when 10-14 ppm, 300-500 kgs/ha of is applied in the next autumn, when less than 8 is
$3 O00 -____------
Those high costs, high yields
needed
too low
should be applied.
N - 250 kgs/ha of (available soil N
- Production practices
enough
-l applied N) is getting good yields.
When like to have a total supplyof 300 kgs/ha available. is
on
Tillagepractices : widely stalks is done
For drip-irrigated cotton
N is applied at the beginning of the season and a lot :
of
often applied, if needed. Then come plowing, disking, smoothing,
Weedcontrol : mechanical weeds.
CIHEAM - Options Mediterraneennes
of application : in the
last
widely used.
t o kill"weeds people to
few have been askedto supply good
by of annual cost is
now
by
when
to used in the same a s e a s o na n da p p l i c a t i o n is usually
be developed some of the applied a t
is a
of
insects, if heavy damage to cotton yield and quality. On the often quite high. : Heliothis, Spodopteralittoralis),
Some of
convinced to because they managed to by doing
A is
by by
of called "White only in the
fly" (Bernisia tubaci) last few some of the taken against it be effective if applied. is
to delay as to
of such machines have
5% of
cotton.
levelsis
now
often long as possible, so Amount of
of of the insecticide used, etc., is always based on findings of a systematic field checking, that is a week in each plot.Economic been
350
most
t,o 1,200 mm
no
of the cotton than 400-500 mm.
is
of any
develop is
to
conditions,soiltypeanddepth,application efficiencies,etc ...
it.
specific field on changes, if As an aid
:
Fusariurn iAZterna.ria macrospora) and sometimes seedling diseases.
decision
Of t h e
sometimes become
:
much has as possible.
be the as efficient
options
widelyused.
For soil now ; is of by by
CIHEAM - Options Mediterraneennes
of the faculty
:
of
of few
We think
that,
of "fine
data of actual plant should be
:
yield development
of the of with some of
by :
is done by defoliated. picked
been
of
- exist at theVolcani at the Faculty of
Soil &
well as in each one of -
of the cotton (Upland) is ginned by high capacity saw gins, and the pima cotton by gins. The gins have been designed a that is of picking and so
so as to than that of picked
exist at
of t h e and at
College.
- exist at College of Textile Sciences and at : All
of
equipment on haul them to the gins.
own big
of own
has got have access to
is a
almost allof
-
a
:
Samples taken a
is sentto
at least one a on of publish inlocal in
place. by the to
all
of was
V-
Facilities
of is included,hasbeenpublishedannually.Also, of all usually published in a local Any is fit application is examined by special
l
that should be extended to to the following facilities:
by
the
CIHEAM - Options Mediterraneennes 75 Sources of tables and 2 :
Ton seeds
Average yield per lect. in
-
-
Year
of
Ton of lint
Acreage in hectares
Number of growers
-
O00
O00
Table : Crops
Country Germany Rab Belgium Portugal South Africa England Greece Spain Holland Jugoslavia Ethiopia Philippines
Noway Argentine Chile Romania
-
-
-
Others Undelivered TOTAL
Table 2: Cotton export 1983-1984 crops (tons)
CIHEAM - Options Mediterraneennes
1984/85 Research project
Subjects Weed control
&
:
Affula II
New
II
Lachish Negev Volcani
Soil & fertilizers in soil
&
&
Technology & (spodoptera littoralis) (Pectinophera goss.)
Soil cultivation systems New machines development Testing new Ginning tests .
of
efficient
Scouting &
cotton Seed diseases
options
by
