CORS Installation Procedures
What It Takes to Install a CORS Our Our Goals Goals in in this this session: session: Identify Identify the the components components that that make make up up aa CORS CORS SYSTEM SYSTEM Relate Relate aa professional professional procedure procedure for for installing installing aa reliable reliable high high performance performance CORS CORS Demonstrate Demonstrate this this procedure procedure in in use use during during aa recent recent CORS CORS installation installation We We want want to to prevent prevent you you from from making making mistakes mistakes that that will will impact impact your your system’s system’s performance performance CORS 24/7 CORS == CContinuously ontinuously O Operating perating 24/7 DData RReference eference S Station tation ata you you can can depend depend upon upon
What What are are the the components components of of aa CORS CORS installation? installation? Planning Planning and and Preparation Preparation −− −− −− −− −− −−
Hardware Hardware Monumentation Monumentation Software Software Communications Communications Toolkit Toolkit Knowledge Knowledge
System System Installation Installation Installation Installation Report Report
CORS Hardware Electronics Electronics Component Component
−− GPS GPS Receiver Receiver −− Network Network Router Router •• Device Device Server Server −− Uninterruptible Uninterruptible Power Power Supply Supply (UPS) (UPS) −− Electrical Electrical Surge Surge protection protection −− Equipment Equipment Location Location •• Enclosure Enclosure •• Shelf Shelf −− Computer? Computer? −− Internet Internet power power switch switch
GPS GPS Antenna Antenna Component Component −− −− −−
GPS GPS Antenna Antenna Location Location Monumentation Monumentation -- Mounting Mounting
GPS GPS Antenna Antenna Cable Cable Component Component −− Routing Routing −− Lightning Lightning protection protection −− Grounding Grounding
Radio Radio Component Component (optional) (optional)
Which components don’t come from Trimble? Electronics: Electronics: −− UPS UPS -- Uninterruptible Uninterruptible Power Power Supply Supply –– Size Size for for load load and and duration duration •• Source: Source: Any Any Computer Computer Store Store •• Brands: Brands: APC, APC, Belkin, Belkin, Tripp Tripp Lite, Lite, … …
−− Router Router –– Interface Interface between between GPS GPS receiver receiver and and computer computer network network •• Source: Source: Any Any Computer Computer Store Store •• Brands: Brands: Linksys, Linksys, D-Link, D-Link, Belkin, Belkin, Netgear, Netgear, Cisco, Cisco, … …
−− Device Device Server Server –– Converts Converts from from serial serial communications communications to to Internet Internet Protocol Protocol network network comms. comms. •• Source: Source: Online Online Computer Computer Stores Stores (CDW.com, (CDW.com, Amazon.com) Amazon.com) •• Brands: Brands: Lantronix, Lantronix, Comtrol, Comtrol, Moxa, Moxa, … …
−− Electrical Electrical Surge Surge Protection Protection –– AC AC Power, Power, Ethernet, Ethernet, Serial Serial •• Source: Source: Online Online Computer Computer or or Comms Comms Stores Stores (CDW.com, (CDW.com, Tessco.com) Tessco.com) •• Brands: Brands: APC, APC, Tripp Tripp Lite, Lite, Polyphaser… Polyphaser…
Which components don’t come from Trimble? Electronics: Electronics: −− Grounding Ground rod rod and and wire wire to to fully fully engineered engineered system system Grounding System System –– Ground •• Source: Source: Communications Communications Retailers, Retailers, Grounding Grounding Specialty Specialty Shops Shops (Tessco.com) (Tessco.com) •• Brands: Brands: Polyphasor, Polyphasor, Harger, Harger, Wireless Wireless Solutions Solutions
−− Custom Custom Coaxial Coaxial Cables Cables –– Very Very long long or or very very short short lengths lengths •• Source: Source: Communications Communications Retailers Retailers (Tessco.com, (Tessco.com, DavisRF) DavisRF) •• Brands: Brands: Times Times Microwave, Microwave, Amphenol, Amphenol, RFS RFS Cablewave, Cablewave, Belden, Belden, Andrew Andrew
−− Lightning Lightning Protection Protection –– Surge Surge suppressors suppressors to to engineered engineered systems systems •• Source: Source: Communications Communications Retailers, Retailers, Lightning Lightning Protection Protection Specialty Specialty Shops Shops (Tessco.com) (Tessco.com) •• Brands: Brands: Polyphaser, Polyphaser, Harger, Harger, Huber+Suhner Huber+Suhner
−− Mechanical Mechanical Components Components –– Hardware, Hardware, Brackets, Brackets, Metal Metal Parts, Parts, Consumables Consumables •• Source: Source: McMaster-Carr McMaster-Carr (mcmaster.com), (mcmaster.com), Grainger Grainger (grainger.com), (grainger.com), Allied Allied Electronics(allied.com), Electronics(allied.com), Newark Newark Elec., Elec., Corner Corner Hardware Hardware Store, Store, Fabrication Fabrication Shop Shop •• Brands: Brands: Various Various
-Monumentation General General Requirements Requirements
−− Clear Clear sky sky view view •• 100 100 meters meters (328’) (328’) unobstructed unobstructed view view to to the the horizon horizon 360 360 degrees degrees
−− No No nearby nearby Signal Signal reflectors reflectors •• 1.5 1.5 meters meters (5’) (5’) above above horizontal horizontal surfaces surfaces
−− No No nearby nearby signal signal transmitters transmitters •• 300 300 meters meters (984’) (984’)
−− Stability Stability •• Thermal Thermal Expansion Expansion •• Wind Wind Loading Loading •• Soil Soil Expansion/Contraction Expansion/Contraction
−− Conditions Conditions must must not not change change with with time time
-Monumentation Pillar Pillar Mount Mount −− Concrete Concrete −− Metal Metal
-Monumentation Drilled-Braced Drilled-Braced Monument Monument −− Extremely Extremely Stable Stable
-Monumentation Building Building Mount Mount −− Rooftop Rooftop attachment attachment −− Wall Wall side side attachment attachment
-Which components don’t come from Trimble? GPS GPS Antenna Antenna Monumentation: Monumentation: −− Building Building Mount Mount –– Custom Custom fabrication fabrication or or standard standard parts parts •• Source: Source: McMaster-Carr McMaster-Carr (mcmaster.com), (mcmaster.com), Grainger Grainger (grainger.com), (grainger.com), Corner Corner Hardware Hardware Store, Store, Fabrication Fabrication Shop Shop •• Brands: Brands: Various Various
-- Ground Ground Pillar Pillar –– Custom Custom fabrication fabrication and/or and/or concrete concrete •• Source: Source: McMaster-Carr McMaster-Carr (mcmaster.com), (mcmaster.com), Grainger Grainger (grainger.com), (grainger.com), Corner Corner Hardware Hardware Store, Store, Fabrication Fabrication Shop, Shop, Local Local Concrete Concrete Contractor Contractor •• Brands: Brands: Various Various
-- Drilled-Braced Drilled-Braced Monument Monument –– See See SCIGN SCIGN site site (www.scign.org) (www.scign.org) •• Web Web Search: Search: SCIGN SCIGN Drilled-Braced Drilled-Braced Monument Monument
Recon the Site How How do do we we get get access? access? −− Arrangements Arrangements for for keys keys before before arrival arrival −− Access Access to to roofing roofing −− Security Security passes passes issued issued −− Building Building tenants tenants notified notified −− Scheduling Scheduling constraints constraints
Consider Consider this this in in your your long-term long-term service service plan plan
-Recon the Site What What are are the the major major considerations? considerations? −− Determine Determine the the GPS GPS electronics electronics location location −− Determine Determine GPS GPS antenna antenna location location −− Determine Determine the the GPS GPS antenna antenna cable cable route route
Is Is the the site site aa suitable suitable location location for for aa CORS? CORS?
Recon the Site – GPS Antenna Installation Make Make notes! notes! Take Take Pictures! Pictures! −− Dimensions Dimensions
How How will will you you mount mount the the Antenna? Antenna? −− Bracket Bracket fabrication fabrication •• Stability Stability •• Clear Clear sky sky view view •• Installation Installation practicality practicality •• Safety, Safety, long-term long-term maintenance maintenance
•• Attachment Attachment •• Fasteners, Fasteners, Welding Welding
•• Offsite Offsite fabrication fabrication required? required? •• Tradesmen Tradesmen –– welder, welder, mason, mason, carpenter, carpenter, roofer roofer •• Building Building penetration penetration for for mechanical mechanical bracket bracket −− Concrete Concrete forms? forms?
Tools Tools required? required? −− Lift Lift truck truck −− Tall Tall ladder ladder
-Recon the Site – Electronic Components Installation Make Make notes! notes! Take Take pictures! pictures! How How could could the the electronic electronic parts parts be be installed? installed? −− Enclosure Enclosure or or table table top? top? −− How How to to mount mount the the equipment equipment box? box? •• Wall, Wall, studs, studs, fasteners, fasteners, cable cable runs,access runs,access •• Structural Structural modifications modifications required? required? −− Offsite Offsite fabrication fabrication required? required? Shelves, Shelves, brackets brackets −− Network Network and and power power outlets outlets •• Is Is there there commercial commercial power power at at the the site? site? •• Do Do II need need aa new new network network connection? connection? −− Personnel Personnel –– Will Will we we need need utility utility representatives representatives on on site site during during the the installation? installation?
Recon the Site – GPS Antenna Cable Route Make Make notes! notes! Take Take pictures! pictures!
−− Lengths Lengths •• Actually Actually measure measure along along the the proposed proposed route route •• Holes Holes needed needed through through interior interior walls? walls?
Building Building penetration penetration for for the the antenna antenna cable cable to to get get to to the the GPS GPS •• Where? Where? Wall? Wall? Roof? Roof? Existing Existing penetration? penetration? •• Leaks Leaks are are bad bad
30m 30m of of cable cable is is supplied supplied –– Times Times Microwave Microwave LMR400 LMR400
−− Is Is this this enough? enough? Consider Consider bends, bends, turns, turns, bulkheads, bulkheads, need need for for securing securing −− Need Need longer longer cable? cable? •• Goal Goal –– no no preamps preamps •• Commercial Commercial cables cables are are available available that that will will enable enable up up to to 300’ 300’ lengths lengths •• Times Times Microwave Microwave LMR600 LMR600 •• Sources: Sources: Tessco, Tessco, DavisRF DavisRF
-Plan the Installation The The pieces pieces of of the the puzzle puzzle have have to to fit fit −− Revise Revise your your plan plan while while on on site site −− Revise Revise your your plan plan off off site site after after reviewing reviewing pictures pictures and and sketches sketches −− Revise Revise you you plan plan based based on on available available components components −− Go Go back back and and measure measure again again with with new new plan plan
Check Check List: List: −− −− −− −−
Antenna Antenna can can connect connect to to the the GPS GPS receiver receiver GPS GPS receiver receiver can can connect connect to to power power and and aa network network GPS GPS antenna antenna will will be be stable stable Installation Installation will will be be pleasing pleasing to to the the landlord landlord and and safe safe for for you you
-Plan the Installation
Order Order the the parts parts Have Have parts parts fabricated fabricated Arrange Arrange the the contractors contractors Arrange Arrange site site access access Get Get Permits Permits
Spend Spend the the majority majority of of the the installation installation time time planning planning and and preparing. preparing. The The actual actual installation installation should should take take 24 24 man man hours hours or or less less on on site. site.
-CORS Installation Install the CORS −− Take Take components components to to the the site site −− Install Install the the components components according according to to your your plan plan
-Site Reports Installation Installation reports reports (site (site reports) reports) are are not not optional. optional. They They are are aa part part of of your your deliverable deliverable to to the the customer. customer. Installation Installation reports reports will will be be used used for for troubleshooting troubleshooting when when necessary. necessary. Document Document all all serial serial numbers. numbers. Include Include photos photos and and diagrams diagrams of of the the site. site. Document Document site site contacts. contacts.
-Put Theory Into Practice: A Real CORS Installation
A Real CORS Installation AA survey survey company company wants wants to to install install aa CORS CORS at at their their building building in in Norfolk, Norfolk, Virginia Virginia This This CORS CORS will will stream stream data data to to RTKNet RTKNet software software
Site Recon Determine Determine the the GPS GPS electronics electronics location location −− Shared Shared space space designated designated “Electrical “Electrical Room” Room” •• Excellent Excellent security security •• Good Good environmentals environmentals –– temperature temperature controlled controlled •• Easy Easy physical physical access access •• Reliable Reliable electrical electrical power power −− Large Large plywood plywood mounting mounting plates plates on on wall wall −− Located Located close close to to the the roof roof •• Room’s Room’s unfinished unfinished ceiling ceiling is is roof roof decking decking •• 30m 30m Antenna Antenna cable cable is is sufficient sufficient −− Network Network connection connection already already within within the the room room −− Ground Ground bar bar located located in in the the room room
-Site Recon Determine Determine the the GPS GPS Antenna Antenna Location Location −− −− −− −−
Rooftop Rooftop mount mount was was the the general general plan plan Building Building is is 2.5 2.5 stories stories with with aa steel steel frame frame and and brick brick siding siding Easy Easy access access via via internal internal ladder ladder Secure Secure location location
-Site Recon Determine Determine the the GPS GPS Antenna Antenna Location Location −− −− −−
360 360 degree degree clear clear sky sky view view No No nearby nearby signal signal reflectors reflectors No No nearby nearby transmitters transmitters
-Site Recon Determine Determine the the GPS GPS Antenna Antenna Location Location −− Vertical Vertical structural structural steel steel available available for for attaching attaching mount mount •• Very Very stable stable •• Can Can be be drilled drilled
−− Minimal Minimal multipath multipath •• Mount Mount 3m 3m above above HVAC HVAC air air handlers handlers
−− Roof Roof can can be be penetrated penetrated •• •• ••
Rubber Rubber membrane membrane 4” 4” thick thick foam foam board board Corrugated Corrugated steel steel decking decking
-Site Recon Determine Determine the the GPS GPS antenna antenna cable cable route route −− Cable Cable can can be be attached attached to to superstructure superstructure on on rooftop rooftop •• Can Can run run through through conduit conduit over over walkway walkway
−− Cable Cable can can follow follow other other cables cables in in the the electrical electrical room room −− Roof Roof will will need need aa penetration penetration •• Easy Easy inside inside access access for for drilling drilling
−− Grounding Grounding point point is is available! available! −− AA 30m 30m cable cable will will work work well well
Preparation for Installation
Plan Plan the the installation installation based based on on site site inspection inspection Order Order all all required required components components Design Design any any custom custom parts parts Have Have custom custom parts parts fabricated fabricated Schedule Schedule contractors contractors Schedule Schedule with with property property owner owner
Preparation for Installation −− Site Site was was inspected inspected and and found found to to be be good good for for aa CORS CORS •• The The antenna antenna must must have have minimal minimal visual visual impact impact −− The The installation installation was was planned planned −− AA NetRS NetRS with with Zephyr Zephyr Geodetic Geodetic antenna antenna was was ordered ordered −− AA custom custom GPS GPS antenna antenna mount mount was was fabricated fabricated −− Various Various components components and and supplies supplies were were ordered ordered −− Permission Permission was was granted granted to to work work on on the the site site and and to to access access the the roof roof −− AA temporary temporary electronic electronic access access card card and and key key were were acquired acquired −− Contractors Contractors were were scheduled scheduled −− Tools Tools were were gathered gathered
-CORS Installation You You have have aa good good idea idea where where everything everything will will go….now go….now start start humping humping itit inside! inside! Tip: Tip: add add luggage luggage wheels wheels to to your your tool tool kit kit Tip: Tip: get get an an intern intern to to help help
-Installation Procedure We We chose chose to to install install in in this this order order Electronics Electronics cabinet cabinet GPS GPS antenna antenna cable cable GPS GPS antenna antenna ……….We ……….We did did itit this this way way so so that that we we could could be be on on the the roof roof during during the the hottest hottest part part of of the the day. day.
-Install the Equipment cabinet This This cabinet cabinet came came from from Tessco Tessco −− −− −− −− −− −−
Large Large size size allows allows for for additional additional equipment equipment Clear Clear hinged hinged front front –– troubleshooting troubleshooting by by the the untrained untrained Lockable Lockable –– no no meddling meddling by by the the untrained untrained 19” 19” rack rack –– don’t don’t forget forget to to buy buy shelves shelves Landlord Landlord friendly friendly -- neat neat Easy Easy to to order order
-Install the Equipment cabinet Start Start mounting mounting –– based based upon upon your your Recon Recon −− Pick Pick suitable suitable fasteners fasteners –– we we used used butterfly butterfly mollys mollys −− Drill Drill using using the the supplied supplied template template •• Be Be sure sure to to level level the the template template
-Install the Equipment cabinet Drill Drill as as needed needed
-Install the Equipment cabinet Mount Mount the the enclosure enclosure −− 2-man 2-man lift! lift!
-Review Completed Completed so so far: far: Site Site recon recon and and installation installation planning planning Transportation Transportation of of equipment equipment to to the the CORS CORS site site Installation Installation of of the the equipment equipment cabinet cabinet Still Still needed: needed: Install Install the the GPS GPS antenna antenna cable cable and and accessories accessories −− Which Which means means aa building building penetration penetration
Install Install the the electronic electronic components components in in the the cabinet cabinet Install Install the the antenna antenna mount mount and and GPS GPS antenna antenna
A Word About Cutting Holes in Buildings Always Always check check with with the the landlord landlord When When waterproofing waterproofing systems systems are are in in place place such such as as aa rubber rubber roof, roof, hire hire aa contractor contractor IfIf you you don’t don’t know know how how to to make make aa hole hole through through the the material, material, hire hire aa contractor contractor Time Time the the drilling drilling so so that that you you are are not not doing doing the the job job on on aa bad bad day day or or there there is is potential potential of of rain rain ifif you you need need to to leave leave aa hole. hole. Always Always temporarily temporarily patch patch the the holes holes ifif you you must must leave leave the the site. site. Check Check to to see see “what’s “what’s on on the the other other side” side” –– BEFORE BEFORE DRILLING DRILLING TIP TIP –– Leaks Leaks are are Bad Bad
Let’s Drill Through the Roof Contact Contact aa roofing roofing specialist specialist –– you you can’t can’t buy buy this this stuff stuff at at Home Home Depot. Depot. Measure Measure twice twice or or more more –– drill drill once once
Roof Penetration “Claudio “Claudio the the roofing roofing guy” guy”
Roof Penetration The The hole hole was was drilled drilled and and the the Antenna Antenna Cable Cable has has been been roughed roughed into into place. place. −− TIP TIP -- Protect Protect the the factory factory “N” “N” or or “TNC” “TNC” connector connector with with tape tape or or aa dummy dummy plug plug to to prevent prevent damage. damage. We We used used aa dummy dummy plug plug (add (add to to your your toolbox) toolbox)
Roof Penetration Claudio Claudio works works his his magic… magic… −− −− −− −− −−
Prep Prep the the area area Seal Seal the the cable cable Use Use an an off-the-shelf off-the-shelf seal seal or or make make one one –– we we made made one one Use Use the the correct correct glue glue Seal Seal edges edges with with the the correct correct sealer sealer
Roof Penetration Claudio Claudio works works his his magic… magic… −− Caution: Caution: Flammable Flammable
Roof Penetration TIPTIP- Secure Secure the the cable cable while while curing curing
-While The Roof Seal Is Curing – Move Inside Prep Prep the the cable cable ends ends –– we we recommend recommend you you buy buy patch patch cables cables and and avoid avoid terminating terminating cables cables in in the the field. field. Connect Connect the the cables cables with with the the lightning lightning arrestor arrestor In-Line In-Line
-Cabling the GPS Antenna – Lightning protector Lightning Lightning protector protector must must be be grounded grounded DO DO NOT NOT mount mount the the unit unit to to the the back back of of the the NetRS NetRS Check Check www.polyphaser.com www.polyphaser.com for for tips tips
-Secure the Cabling Landlord Landlord wants wants itit neat neat Use Use clips clips to to secure secure all all wiring wiring This This room room may may be be used used by by unknowing unknowing maintenance maintenance people. people. Secure Secure your your installation installation out out of of their their way. way. Otherwise Otherwise itit is is guaranteed guaranteed to to be be damaged. damaged.
-Populate the Equipment Cabinet Planning Planning ahead ahead means means you you have have shelves shelves for for all all gear gear We We improvised improvised shelves shelves from from HomeDepot HomeDepot −− −− −−
NetRS NetRS Router Router UPS UPS
-Populate the Equipment Cabinet Orderly Orderly wiring wiring −− Tie Tie Wraps Wraps −− Hook Hook and and Loop Loop ties ties
-Populate the cabinet TIP TIP –– Leave Leave the the NetRS NetRS serial serial cable cable in in the the cabinet cabinet for for service service
-Review So So far far we we have have finished: finished: Site Site recon recon and and installation installation planning planning Transportation Transportation of of equipment equipment to to the the CORS CORS site site Installation Installation of of the the equipment equipment cabinet cabinet Routing Routing the the GPS GPS antenna antenna cable cable Installing Installing the the electronic electronic components components We We still still need need to: to: Install Install the the antenna antenna mount mount and and GPS GPS antenna antenna
GPS Antenna Mount Installation The The mount mount was was fabricated fabricated before before CORS CORS installation installation −− Welded Welded Steel Steel
Problem Problem –– We We realized realized the the mount mount was was too too short short which which would would lead lead to to multipath. multipath. We We contacted contacted aa speed speed shop shop for for pipe pipe and and welding welding services services (after (after hours). hours). (The (The 1.5 1.5 meter meter rule) rule) After After modifications, modifications, the the mount mount was was professionally professionally painted painted
-GPS Antenna Mount Installation Holes Holes were were marked marked and and drilled drilled using using ½” ½” drill drill Have Have sharp sharp bits bits Use Use cutting cutting oil oil
GPS Antenna Mount Installation We We used used self-tapping self-tapping screws screws to to fasten fasten the the mount mount to to the the structure structure
-GPS Antenna Mount Installation Attach Attach the the Mount Mount
GPS Antenna Mount Installation Finally, Finally, Install Install the the antenna antenna and and secure secure the the cable cable Tip Tip –– tape tape the the cable cable to to protect protect from from UV UV
-GPS Antenna Mount Installation AA Beautiful Beautiful Moment Moment
-GPS Antenna Mount Installation The The landlord landlord did did not not want want the the antenna antenna to to attract attract attention. attention.
Completion of Installation Electronic Electronic components components had had to to be be configured configured −− NetRS NetRS −− Router Router
Thank you
Resources – Supplies and Information
www.tessco.com www.tessco.com www.davisrf.com www.davisrf.com www.mcmaster.com www.mcmaster.com www.alliedelec.com www.alliedelec.com www.newark.com www.newark.com www.ngs.noaa.gov/CORS/Articles/Cors_guidelines.pdf www.ngs.noaa.gov/CORS/Articles/Cors_guidelines.pdf www.polyphaser.com www.polyphaser.com www.harger.com www.harger.com
