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EGYPTIAN COLLOQUIAL ARABIC
IN PREPARATION. AEABIC PRONTJNCIATION
:
A
Practical Phonetic
Handbook.
EGYPTIAN COLLOQUIAL ARABIC A CONVERSATION GRAMMAR
AND READER BY
W.
H.
T.
GAIRDNER
Church Missionary Society, Egypt; B.A. Oxon. Superintendent of Arabic Studies at the Cairo Study Centre ;
ASSISTED BY
SHEIKH KURAYYIM SALLAM (ij
Je:x
kurejjim
sallaim)
CAMBRIDGE
W. HEFFER & SONS Ltd. 1917
ALUMNIS
SCHOL^ CAHIRENSIS UBI REBUS ARABICIS STUDETUR,
QUORUM
IN
CORPORIBUS MINIME VILIBUS
FACTUM EST EXPERIMENTUM.
"/S^SU^
.. .
..
.
CONTENTS CONVERSATION— GRAMMAR. PAGE
Table of Egyptian-Arabic Sounds The Consonants, Vowels, Diphthongs Exercises in the Vowels and Consonants
I
2
.
:
I
— Syllables
6-7
Words
II
Ex. I.
II.
The Masculine Noun
14
The Demonstrative Pronoun. Feminine Noun
The Directions.
18
III.
Form of the Comparative.
IV.
The
V.
The Possessive with Feminine Noun.
Genitive.
INTERMEZZO.
Prepositions.
Dual
The Possessed and the Possessor
;
.
22
.
28
.with [bita:'']
.
Addition of Vowels Loss of Length Quantity
Elision
Accent
The
;
32
Change of
;
36
;
VI.
The Pronoun.
VII.
" Have."
VIII.
For General Conversation.
Pronouns of the Genitive (Conjunctive) Pronouns
of the
Nominative (Disjunctive)
The Disjunctive Pronouns with Negative
40
46
The Five Senses and their
Organs. Polite Address.
The Active
Participle
Table of Active and Passive Participles
50 56-7
.
IX.
For General Conversation. Common Actions. " " Have " with negative. " Had," " Shall have
X.
For General Conversation. The Dimensions. The Sound Triliteral Verb —Aorist and Imperative " Appendix. The Verb " Was Paradigms
XI.
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EGYPTIAN COLLOQUIAL ARABIC
l68
XXIV.
For Systematic Grammar. 1.
" verb.
"
Sound on p. 162, Nos.
I
Apart from the prefix [it] the rules given and 2, apply to this form, and its corre-
sponding quadriliteral, absolute^. 2.
The
infinitive
form
tasawwur],
[ta''allum,
Form
colloquial form, the infinitive of
borrowed and substituted 3.
The only weak verb
of this
exemplified in No. in
Form
is
AA
a
II. is
is
scarcely a
usually
it.
form calling
for notice is the
one
But whereas the corresponding verb
9.
A
for
etc.,
II. [taf^iil] is
verb
I
[bana
(like
jibni]), in
Form
V.
it
Contrast
(like ['are ji'^re]).
sawwa, jisaww[i].
But
itsawwa, jitsaww[a]. 4.
partic. mitsaww[i].
Significations of form («) To do the action expressed in Form :
oneself
:
[it*^allim]
e.g.
II. to oneself or in " to teach oneself (have oneself
taught)," and so " learn."
Apply
this
to
[itfassah,
Middle, or reflexive, of
issawwdr,
II.
ifaddim, it'oxxer,
itldxbat], etc.
" to
oneself out. ..." e.g. oneself out great," " to be proud."
(6)
And
(c)
make And so
(d)
Merely passive of
so,
make
[itkabbdr] " to
" to pretend to be. .," " to ape. .," e.g. [iddarwij] " to pretend to be a dervish," [itfcimag] " to ape foreigners." II.
[laggim]
" to bridle,"
[itlaggim]
" to be bridled."
Notice the assimilation of the
and other consonants.
[tj
m
[issswwar, miggawwiz]
EGYPTIAN COLLOQUIAL ARABIC
lyo
XXV. Verbs of " Form VII [infa^'al
"
and
and
(it-)
"
Form
VIII."
ifta'^al.]
FOR READING. [{a)
A.
The Appointment.] you, you must wait for [or expect)
If it's possible for
me to-morrow
at
your house, and
I will
be found there between
three and four o'clock.
B. Why I have an appointment with so-and-so at that time but just (wait) until I excuse myself to him. A I think that however much you excuse yourself to him he ;
.
won't accept the excuse. B. Oh come if he does not accept, that is his affair. A Now then you must be sure not to vex him, seeing that !
.
!
you previously gave him an appointment. B. No that man annoys me and hinders me from my work. I only hope he will get vexed and give me up and have done with it. A. Considering you have a meeting (of a Society) once a week, where does this " giving up " come in ? B. The best thing is for me to leave the Society, since my inclination will not allow that he should meet with me, not even ;
once a week. C.
D. C. for
me
[(&) The barrister {advocate).] your opinion of that barrister, my dear friend. I think he's a man (who) works conscientiously. Well then, shall I rely on your word and get him to plead
What
in
my
is
law-suit
?
Even though
D.
I
(leaning) nevertheless be
C.
is relying on Him will never fail Hadn't we best direct ourselves to order to make conditions with him for his labour ?
Of course everyone who
but you know what
him
in
Do
D. I
have ^
3
I
mean
just wait,
if
!
.
.
.
only a moment, until
I finish
the thing
in hand.
The verb
being past ^
do praise him to you. let your rehance on God (and then) youil succeed.
(cp.
after a conditional tense
our "
if I
knew him,
from nazar. Or anwigid. Both forms
I
is
in the past tense, without the sense
would, etc."
VIII.,
+ Colloquial
are VII. from
change of d into d
;
wagad.
root-word dajji' (narrow).
!
EGYPTIAN COLLOQUIAL ARABIC
tamrim
it
11
?aFa:l
illi
min
d_ana
B.
amm
mi'^aid
"^andi
mi'^aid.]
il
mumkinak,
w_an(a)_at'wigid3 1-1
2; o
o « o
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.
.
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.
.ma''a:ni sense, meaning ijmi''na what's the sense ?
why on
earth
p.
child
"^ija:!
jn
?
covenant
^ahd, p. "^uhuid
'^ajjil,
"ajjma
pattern
"^hd ma''hu:d
[part, pass.)
I.
known
familiarly
W'd
grb gariib, p.
return I. {orig. IV.) ji''i:d repeat "aida, p. '^a(:)da:t or 'awajid
gurb_guraba
custom '^u:d,
stick of
p. '^i(:)da:n
stranger gari:ba, p. garaijib
grbl
wood garbil, inf. gsrbala
ws "Qis, ji''u:s
"^awwed {tr., U) make compensation for (to V. if-awwad get replaced II.
.
.
.
.
•^wl II.
"^awwil 'ala ''
III.
rely on, appeal to
wn Assistant (-Commissioner)
(part.) m=''^a:win
''
•"Cib,
p. "^ujuib
ista'^jab
wh physical defect
•^aiha, p. -a.it
X.
strange,
"^aid, ji'^uid
I.
fault,
shame
consider faulty,
shameful
(a)
wonder
VOCABULARY
28g
ill gifil, jigfal
I.
gafla "^ala gafla
dose, be headless a dose, heedlessness suddenly unawares
II. gaffil call heedless, fooUsh fart. pass, m'gaffal fool, heedless
gajjor
change
{tr.)
changing, a change
inf. tdgjiir
91 g I.
annoy wrath
gaiz, jigi:z
inf. ge:z
olb
be annoyed, angered
VII. ingaiz
I.
golab, jiglib passive gilib, jiglab
conquer be defeated
gulb VII. ingalab gslbain
defeat be defeated miserable
inf.
f
ftj II.
—
ill miglawaini
II.
fattij
search (a house or person) search for, look for
{tr.)
"^ala
putter-up-of-price
gnm ganam
fgr faigir, p.
fugga:r f
sheep or goats
adulterer
tw
fatwa
an] gdna, jigni [for IV.)
I.
— gina —
[tr.)
X.
{tr.)
istafta(:)
enable, to
—
give a consult
fht
do without
richness, riches
ability to
ifta(:)
{tr.)
enrich "^an
"^an
I.
•
dig
fahat, jifhat
do without
rich gani, p. gunaj, dgnija able to do without '^an dispense with X. istdgna ''an a song ginja sing II. gonna singing for inf. gina, guna
—
legal decision
IV. afta(i), inf.
fhm f
ahm
coal (charcoal)
(baladi) f
VIII. iftdxar,
xr
inf. iftixa:r
boast
fdj
wt
g
I.
deep
gawiit, p. guwa:t
fada,
jifdi, inf.
fida
frd
gwj fdrd, fdrda
gaija, p. -a:t
object, motive, arriere pensee
be absent i.e.
Unseen
single (of pair)
frd farad, j if rid 'ala fard, p. furuid
—
gTb ge:b, jigi:b, inf. gijaib the Absent, il ge:b
redeem victim
fidja
suppose impose on supposition,
ordinance
290
EGYPTIAN COLLOQUIAL ARABIC
VOCABULARY
291
qdm IV. 'afaid
{tr.),
inf. ifa:da
X.
istafaid (min)
profit (
=
fajda, ^. fawaijid
'addim
II.
put forward,
(tr.)
inform
profit,
get profit)
present
go forward, progress
V. it'addim ?adi:m
ancient, eternal
profit,
information, edification afjad (comparat. o/mufiid)
more
or
most useful
qr b I.
'irib, ji'rab
be near, related
(li)
draw near bring near nearly
-"drreb (min)
II.
(tr.)
inf. ta'riiban fa(:)jiz, p.
fawaijiz
interest
?ari:b
.-,,.-im
5
1
—
qrr vUe
'abiih
I.
confess confession
{for IV.) 'drr, ji'irr (bi)
inf. i'rsir
{pass, part.) musta'bali
detested, detestable
qbd I.
'ebad, ji'bQd
receive, accept
'asam, ji'sim 'isma
acceptance
m^'abla
?a:bil, inf.
q
divide division
{tr.)
s
w
meet
meet together
VI. it'aibil
X. ista'bU,
m
qs I.
inf. 'abuil
III.
Moslem-cemetery
'drsifa
C^ala)
'ibil, ji'bal
qrf
arrest
qbl I.
lately blood-relation
adv.
qbh X.
j
'ari:b, p. 'uraijib
qP]
near
J-
-"ursijib, p.
'asa:wa
cruelty, hardness
inf. isti'bail receive
qjt
visitors
future
part, mista'bil
qd II.
?adddr
(tr.)
q
r
determine, estimate
be computed V. it'addar amount mi'dair, p. ma'adiir
q
'addis pari. pass,
'asad, ju'sud
'asd
qsr Holy (God)
-im
qadarsa
sd
purpose, mean purpose, meaning part. pass, ma'suid purpose, point 'ueaid opposite, in front I.
inf.
ds
?uddu:s 'iddi:s, p.
cream
?ijte
holy, saint holiness
'asr, p. ?usu:r
Lu'sur
"
palace, castle
The Palaces," Luxor
qss
sanctify
II.
mu'addas
holy
III. 'a:sis, inf. 'isa:s
punish
EGYPTIAN COLLOQUIAL ARABIC
292
q]S
qfl] VIII. i'tede
imply,
demand
pass. part. mu''tada(:),
implication p. mu'tadaja:t 'adijja, p. 'adaija law-suit, affair
q I.
t r
foUow up
?Qtar, ju^tur
qt"^ VII. in'ate''
be
(li)
set entirely
apart
(for)
qlb I.
overturn
'alab, ji'lib [or II.)
?alb, p. ?ulu:b
inside, heart
qn 'al-^a
the Citadel
(il)
qll I.
be
'all, ji'iU
diminish
little,
Httleness, absence (of)
?illa
q
uqnuim,
p.
nm
aqaniim
Person (of Trinity)
qwl I.
—
say
'ad, ji'u:l, inf. 'oil "^ala
VII.
tell
of
;
call
be said
in'ail, it'a:l
qwm I.
'aim
perform
(bi)
part. 'a(:)jim bi nafsu
existent,
ista'aim inf. isti'aima
;
consist of self-
independent be upright
integrity position value, amount
ma'a:m 'i:ma
qj d II. 'ajjid {tr.)
V. it'ajjid
enter (in register) get entered
I.
'a:s, ji'iis
VOCABULARY
293
ksb
k
kisib, jiksab
I.
kassib
II.
gain, earn
cause to profit
{tr.)
maksab, makaisib
profit(s)
I.
kam,
kama biha il kom (inf.)
weU
kasafjiksif kusu:f
shame ashamed get ashamed
inf.
part. pass,
be, exist
let it be so
kjf make ashamed
(