Control Engineering Laboratory Department of Process and Environmental ����������� Engineering University of Oulu Oulu, Finland
ANNUAL REPORT 2005
ANNUAL REPORT 2005 Control Engineering Laboratory Department of Process and Environmental Engineering University of Oulu Oulu, Finland
Edited by
Leena Yliniemi
PREFACE The year 2005 saw the beginning of the new CA-network, NiSIS (Nature Inspired Smart Information Systems) that will continue the work of ERUDIT and EUNITE, but now extensively concentrating on large area of nature inspired methods and applications. The COST E36 action on Modelling and Simulation in the Pulp and Paper Industry continued its operation. Project activities continued in different areas of industry. Four projects ended during the year, UUNIKUHA, PRO-ELE, START and CO2H2. CO2H2 continued as a new ReGenGasproject that will demonstrate, on a laboratory scale, the new process combining reforming and direct reduction processes. The consortium remained the same as in CO2H2, but the aim of the project got more ambitious.Two new projects started: Stokeri concerning burning control in small fireplaces together with VTT/Jyväskylä and Production 2010 that is a visionary project with a consortium of five research units and 8 companies looking for the automation systems of the future. New industrial projects with Rautaruukki (modelling of the vacuum process) and Outokumpu Stainless (steel plant quality control) started and the older one with Kemira, on wastewater control, continued. The laboratory participated also in two Graduate Schools financed by Finnish Academy: International Ph.D. Programme in Pulp and Paper Science and Technology and Graduate School in Chemical Engineering. Student exchange with the University of Palermo (Italy), the University of Leuven (Belgium), and IFMA (France) went on as usual. This year we had also one research student from the School of Wood Science and Timber Engineering in Epinal in France. I would like to thank all our colleagues, friends, companies and institutions in Finland and abroad for their valuable contributions to the success of our activities.
Kauko Leiviskä Professor
ANNUAL REPORT 2005
CONTENTS Page
PREFACE
1
PERSONNEL
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2
EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES
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2.1
University Courses
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2.2
ERASMUS Exchange Student Programme
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RESEARCH
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3.1
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3.1.1 Nature Inspired Smart Information Systems Systems
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3.1.2 COST E36: Modelling and Simulation in the Pulp and Paper Industry
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3.1.3 Sim-Serv – The Virtual Simulation Institute
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3.1.4 Exchange Student Projects
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3.2
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3.2.1 PRO-ELE – Intelligent Analysers and Control in Process and Electronics Industry 14
3.2.2 New Universal Approach for Control of the Debarking Plant
3.2.3 ReGenGas- Hybrid Reforming Process for the Recycling of Greenhouse Gases and for Upgrading in the Reduction and Combustion Processes 16
3.2.4 START- Standard Reasoning Toolbox- Project
3.2.5 STOKERI- Advanced Control of Small-scale Stoker Fired Boilers Project 17
3.2.6 Development of Web Break Sensitivity Indicator
3.2.7 Production 2010: Business Directed Control of Operational State, Communication and Information Streams in Process Industry 19
3.2.8 Application of Control Engineering Methods in Drug Testing
International Projects
Research Projects
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3.3 Industrial Projects
3.3.1 KONTROL-The Development of LD-converter’s Blowing by Measurement and Control Techniques 19
3.3.2 KemDose- Dosage Tools for Water Treatment Chemicals - Project
3.3.3 MATTA- On-line Quality Control as a Tool for Quality Assurance and Production Management 20
3.3.4 VAATIVA - Production of Demanding Steel Products by Advanced Ladle Metallurgy and Casting 20
3.4
3.4.1 Dynamic Simulation of Solar Fields
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3.4.2 Intelligent Condition Monitoring
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3.4.3 Model-based Monitoring of Immobilized Yeast Fermentation
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THESIS
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For the degree of Diploma Engineer
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PARTICIPATIONS
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PAPERS AND PUBLICATIONS
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7
GUESTS AND VISITS
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8
OTHERS
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Other Projects
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1.
ANNUAL REPORT 2005
PERSONNEL
Head
LEIVISKÄ Kauko
Chief Engineer YLINIEMI Leena
D.Sc. (Tech.), Professor
D.Sc. (Tech.), Docent
Project Secretary (part-time) PUOLAKKA Ritva
Planner/Environmental Informatics, (part-time) JOENSUU Pasi
Senior Assistants
M.Sc. (Tech.)
JAAKO Juha
D.Sc. (Tech.)
JUUSO Esko
M.Sc. (Tech.)
Assistants JOENSUU Pasi
Researchers
M.Sc. (Tech.)
AHOLA Timo
Lic.Sc. (Tech.)
GEBUS Sébastien
M.Sc. (Tech.)
HARTIKKA Mika
M.Sc. (Chem.)
ISOKANGAS Ari
M.Sc. (Tech.)
JOENSUU Iiris
M.Sc. (Chem.)
KUMPULA Henri
M.Sc. (Tech.)
ANNUAL REPORT 2005
MÄKI Timo
M.Sc.(Tech.)
NÄSI Jari
M.Sc. (Geol.)
POSIO Jani
M.Sc. (Tech.)
RAHKOLIN Vesa
M.Sc.(Tech.)
RUUSKA Jari
M.Sc. (Tech.)
RUUSUNEN Mika
M.Sc. (Tech.)
SAARELA Ulla
M.Sc. (Tech.)
SORSA Aki
M.Sc.(Tech.)
Research Assistants BAROTH Rodolphe
Student
MATTINA Vincenzo
Student, ERASMUS-exchange
DINA Marisa
Student, ERASMUS-exchange
HEIDERICH Linnea
Student
HUHMARNIEMI Tuomas
Student
KERÄNEN Seppo
Student
SALMELA Janne
Student
MÄYRÄ Outi
Student
PIHTSALMI Laura
M.Sc.(Tech.)
SIRKKA Jouni
M.Sc.(Tech.)
TARKKINEN Atso
Student
TENKKU Heikki
M.SC.(Tech.)
ANNUAL REPORT 2005
2. EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES 2.1 University Courses Introduction to Control Engineering The lectures took place over the period of five weeks, six hours per week in the autumn term. The course was for the students in the third year. Lecturers: Professor Kauko Leiviskä, Dr Jouni Tornberg and Dr Leena Yliniemi Exercises:Timo Ahola Contents: - goals of automation in industrial production - specifications and documentation of instrumentation - principles of measurements, analysers and sensors, application, installation and purchase of different industrial instruments - introduction to characteristics, application and dimensioning of the final control elements such as actuators, positioners, valves, dampers, pumps, and motors There was no special textbook. In laboratory exercises the principles of pressure, level and temperature measurements and controls were studied.
Process Control Engineering I The lectures were held over the period of five weeks, six hours per week in the spring term.The participants were students in the third year.The exercises were four hours per week; two teachers were simultaneously present. Lecturer: Professor Kauko Leiviskä Exercises: Dr Juha Jaako Contents: - basics of process models and dynamics - lumped parameter models - distributed parameter models - practical examples of different unit processes such as chemical reactors, distillation columns and heat exchangers. There was no special textbook. Course home page: http://ntsat.oulu.fi/ps1/ In laboratory exercises modelling was studied with simulations. Process Control Engineering II The lectures were given over the period of five weeks, six hours per week in the spring term. This course was for the students in the third year. Lecturer: Professor Kauko Leiviskä - Exercises: Pasi Joensuu
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Contents: - statistical processing of measurement information - design of process experiments - regression analysis - test signals and dynamic modelling There was no special textbook; some references were made to Diamond W.J., Practical Experiment Designs. Lifetime Learning Publications. Belmont, California, 1981. 348 p. In laboratory exercises the experimental identification of a laboratory flow process was studied.
Process Optimisation The course was held over the period of five weeks, ten hours per week in the autumn term.This course was for the students in the fourth year. MATLAB and interactive teaching methods were used. Students made a course portfolio; there was no exam. Lecturer: Senior Assistant, Dr Juha Jaako Contents: - Specification and formulation of optimisation problems of industrial processes and plants. - Optimisation methods: unconstrained methods (univariate and multivariate functions, first and second derivative methods, non-derivative methods, methods for sums of squares), penalty function methods, Lagrangian methods, linear programming, discrete dynamic programming and use of random numbers in optimisation. - Non linear parameter estimation (fitting model functions to data). - Use of MATLAB in optimisation and Matlab Optimization Toolbox. Course material: 1. Edgar T F & Himmelblau D M (1988), Optimization of Chemical Processes. McGrawHill 1988. ISBN 0-07-018991-9. 652 p. 2. Home page: http://ntsat.oulu.fi/optimointi/ 3. Jaako J (1997) Laskuharjoitusmoniste kurssiin 47434S Prosessien optimointi, Moniste 50, Prosessitekniikan osasto, Oulun yliopisto, Oulu 1997, 117 p., ISBN 951-42-4662-4. Internet Publication: http://ntsat.oulu.fi/optimointi/ps4_lhm.pdf (in Finnish). 4. Leiviskä K & Jaako J (1998) Kokeiluluentomoniste kurssiin 47434S Prosessien optimointi. Prosessitekniikan osasto, Oulun yliopisto, Oulu. 91 p. Internet Publication: http://ntsat.oulu.fi/optimointi/ ps4_lm.pdf (in Finnish) 5. Ray W H & Szekely J (1973), Process Optimization. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1973. 371 p. 6. Reklaitis GV, Ravindran A & Ragsdell K M (1983), Engineering Optimization - Methods and Applications. John Wiley & Sons 1983. ISBN 0-471-05579-4. 684 p. In the exercise work, optimisation methods are applied to process problems.
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Simulation The lectures and computational exercises of this course were held over the period of five weeks, four hours of lectures and three hours of exercises per week in the autumn term. The participants were students in the second year. Lecturer: Senior Assistant Esko Juuso Exercises: Pasi Joensuu and Aki Sorsa Contents: - process simulation and modelling - modular simulation systems - equation oriented simulation - dynamic simulation - events in continuous simulation - discrete event simulation - intelligent methods in steady-state and dynamic simulation - physical and thermodynamic data in simulation - simulation in automation - interaction in simulation systems - simulation languages Course material: 1. Juuso E (2004) Simulointi, Moniste 65, Prosessi- ja ympäristötekniikan osasto, Oulun yliopisto, Oulu 2004, 173 p., ISBN 951-42-7264-1. 2. Home page: http://ntsat.oulu.fi/simulointi In the exercise work a basic course in the Matlab® and Simulink programming was given in connection to different simulation approaches and tasks: modular and equation based steady-state simulation, dynamic simulation, fuzzy simulation, and controller design with simulation. Fuzzy-neuro Methods in Process Automation The lectures and computational exercises of this course were held over the period of five weeks, four hours lectures and three hours exercises per week and a seminar in the spring term. The participants were students in the fourth year. Lecturer: Senior Assistant Esko Juuso Exercises:Timo Ahola and Aki Sorsa Contents: - principles of fuzzy set systems - fuzzy calculus - fuzzy reasoning - fuzzy control - adaptive fuzzy control - neural networks - fuzzy-neuro systems - genetic algorithms - linguistic equations - dynamic intelligent systems - data-based intelligent modelling - applications to process automation - software tools FuzzyCon and Matlab® (Fuzzy Logic Toolbox and Neural Network Toolbox)
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Course material : 1. Home page: http://ntsat.oulu.fi/Fuzzy_neuro/ 2. Babuska, R., Fuzzy Modelling for Control. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1998. 3. Brown, M. & Harris, C., Neurofuzzy Adaptive Modelling and Control. Prentice Hall, New York, 1994. 4. Driankov, D., Hellendoorn, H. & Reinfrank, M., An Introduction to Fuzzy Control. Springer, Berlin, 1993. 5. Verbruggen, H. B., H.-J. Zimmermann & R. Babuska, Fuzzy Algorithms for Control, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, 1999. 6. Zimmermann, H.-J., Fuzzy Sets Theory and Its Applications. Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1991. 7. Kosko, B., Neural Networks and Fuzzy Systems: A Dynamical Systems Approach to Machine Intelligence. Prentice Hall, Englewood Clifffs, New Jersey, 1992. 8. Davis, L. (ed.), Handbook of Genetic Algorithms.Van Nostrand Reinhold, NewYork, 1991. In the exercise work the principles of fuzzy set systems, fuzzy control, neural networks and genetic algorithms were studied in Matlab-Simulink environment.
Modelling and Control of Biotechnical Processes Lectures (20 h) and exercises (15 h) were held during one period in the spring term. Lecturers: Professor Kauko Leiviskä and Senior Assistant Esko Juuso Contents: - bioreactors: reactor types, kinetics and transfer phenomena - on-line measurements and analysers - bio- and software sensors - reactor modelling - cell level models and control mechanisms - unstructured and structured models - bioprocess control - examples There was no special textbook. Course home page: http://ntsat.oulu.fi 2.2 ERASMUS Exchange Student Programme The laboratory has co-operation contracts under the Erasmus exchange programme with the following universities: University of Loughborough from England, University of Leuven from Belgium and University of Calabria, University of Naples and University of Palermo from Italy and with IFMA (Institute Francais De Mècanique Avancèe) from France.The contracts include both teacher and student exchanges. During the year 2005 one student from France as free mover and two students from University of Palermo, Italy have studied in our laboratory.
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3. RESEARCH 3.1 International Projects 3.1.1 Nature Inspired Smart Information Systems Systems (K. Leiviskä) NiSIS is a European Project under the Co-ordinated Action (CA) scheme with the overall mission to co-ordinate multi-disciplinary studies and research endeavours into the development and utilisation of intelligent paradigms in advanced information systems design. It also aims to extend investigations into emerging new areas inspired by nature, both at biological (i.e. micro) and behavioural (i.e. macro) levels for visionary concepts of information processing and architectures. The Co-ordination action will comprise four parts aiming to interconnect different disciplines and activities in an effective scheme: (1) Three Focus Groups, which are to deliver the scientific and technological contributions of the programme.There are Focus Groups on Nature-inspired Data Technology, Nature-inspired Networks, and Natureinspired Systems Modelling, Optimisation and Control. (2) Technology Transfer will take results from the three Focus Groups in terms of technological concepts and algorithms, but also contributes challenges via Competitive Workshops. Training and Education will give added-value in terms of cross-disciplinary instruction and motivation. (3) ITB (Integrated Technology Board) takes care of the overall integration of the Project. (4) ELITE Foundation is responsible for the co-ordination of NiSIS.
3.1.2 COST E36: Modelling and Simulation in the Pulp and Paper Industry (K. Leiviskä) The main objective of the Action is to advance the development and application of simulation techniques in the pulp and paper manufacturing processes.This is to minimise environmental impact, and increase productivity and cost-competitiveness. The benefits will be the better understanding of the operation of the processes and their control. Solutions can make progress for currently pending problems in the paper industry: design of improved or new product properties, higher paper quality, optimised wet end chemistry, better runnability and low environmental impact. Operation occurs in three Working Groups: Modelling and simulation of the pulping and paper production processes, on-line use of simulation in the pulp and paper production processes, use of simulation software in the pulp and paper production processes. Ten European countries are involved and the project lasts four years.
3.1.3 Sim-Serv – The Virtual Simulation Institute (E. Juuso) Sim-Serv is the first virtual centre for simulation. Sim-Serv association operates on
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European scale distributing information on simulation benefits, markets the expertise of its members and provides independent expert advice to industry.The Sim-Serv working groups survey state of the art in specific areas, identify trends as well as analyse needs and gaps. The Sim-Serv Self Evaluation Tool provides free performance evaluation for industrial partners in several languages. The Control Engineering Laboratory is an active member of the group of Simulation in Process Industries. The purpose is to form a vision on how research and applications of simulation will evolve in the next 5-10 years time and to define top-level goals and supporting requirements for research, development and implementation of simulation technologies and capabilities. Business drivers for improved simulation technologies and the technological challenges on key areas are assessed to develop future state vision, goals and requirements. The main area of the laboratory is in intelligent simulation and integration of different approaches of modelling and simulation, especially in advanced process control. More information: http://www.sim-serv.com
3.1.4 Exchange Student Projects Process Control Across Network (V.Mattina, L.Yliniemi) This research analyzes and examines process control across wireless network. The main focus is to examine the applicability of a wireless network to the control of a laboratoryscaled process and to compare the results with the results achieved by three different wired networks. Especially the delay times and packet losses will be compared using wired and wireless networks. The theoretical part reviews the terminology and basic technologies of communication networks, emphasizing the principles of various network types. The new wireless technologies and their main characteristics have been presented, with particular interest on new application fields of these technologies. The compensation methods of a network delay have been also presented. In the experimental part, the components and software used have been described and a control application suitable for controlling a real-time process via network has been presented.The programmes LabVIEW and Commview have been used in developing the control application and in monitoring the traffic of UDP packets on the network. UDP is a protocol used to transport the measurement and control data. The experimental environment consists of a laboratory-scaled flow process. Two different test series were done: - In the first test series the controller and the process were in the same place, in a classroom of the university - In the second test series the controller was in the main library of Oulu City, while the process was in the same place as in the first experiment.
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Wood Debarking (R.Baroth, A.Isokangas) The literature review of the newest research in the field of wood debarking was made. Also some interesting patents concerning wood debarking were found. Later, the summary was written on the basis of the material.
3.2 Research Projects 3.2.1 PRO-ELE – Intelligent Analysers and Control in Process and Electronics Industry (S. Gebus, M. Hartikka, A. Sorsa, J. Näsi, M. Ruusunen, K. Leiviskä) Nonlinear, multivariable industrial processes can be a challenge for traditional measurement and control systems. Constantly changing conditions may worsen controllability and product quality, partly due to lack of proper information about process states. Availability of this information would often enable actions towards better monitoring and control strategies. The aim of the PRO-ELE project was to develop intelligent monitoring and control concepts for process and electronics industry. The research was focused on sensor fusion, soft analysers and intelligent control methods. Within these topics, development of adaptation and knowledge acquisition mechanisms were also emphasised in order to better manage changing process environments. The PRO-ELE consisted of three individual projects sharing the above research targets in common. In the process industry part, several measurements were fused applying advanced modelling methods for development of a soft analyser. In the second case, state estimation problem of accurate process conditions using only a few measurements was studied. The electronics industry case included the research and development of quality and condition monitoring for electronics manufacturing lines, aiming towards efficiently controlled production. TEKES and three companies financed the project. Companies in co-operation were Outokumpu Research Oy, Outokumpu Technology Oy and Filtronic LK Oy. PRO-ELE project was a part of the technology programme ÄLY - “Intelligent Automation Systems”, organised by TEKES. The Integration of Two Measurements Into a Continuous Time Signal (A. Sorsa, J. Näsi) In this case study, two measurements were available from the same process: a continuous and an infrequent reference measurement. The continuous measurement from a sensor included uncertainty while the reference measurement was a result of a laboratory analysis, thus assumed to have minimal uncertainty.The aim of this study was to examine possible methods for fusing these measurements into a reliable continuous measurement.
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Another target was to develop an application performing such a task. The fusion of the measurements was divided into three parts: pre-processing, confidence level estimation and calculation of optimal estimate. The pre-processing step included outlier detection and replacement followed by the compensation of static error. Confidence levels were estimated for pre-processed continuous measurement and reference measurement. The optimal estimate was calculated using both measurements and confidence levels. As a result, a method for signal fusion was developed. An application using the developed method was built and tested with real process data. The results were good as the calculated optimal estimate was found to be reliable. Also, an estimate for the confidence level of the optimal estimate was calculated giving additional information that can be used in process control.
Intelligent Moisture Analysers for Chromite Concentrate (J. Näsi, H.Tenkku) In this research the scope was to apply advanced control systems to iron-ore pellet production. The structure and the physical properties of the agglomerate are very sensitive to the right moisture content. Some precise on-line moisture analysing methods were evaluated focusing mainly on traditional microwave and low frequency microwave techniques. Also the phenomenon of microwave radiation and the interactions between wave and material were evaluated. The applicability of low frequency microwave moisture (LFMMA) analyser for on-line measurement of moisture in chromite concentrate was tested on the production line. By measuring the moisture of concentrate before the pelletizing drum it is possible to control the amount of additional water in preceeding mixer and achieve more constant moisture content.This will stabilize the pelletizing process.The accuracy of the microwave analyser was found to be at a very high level, but according to the analyses, it could still be improved by using on-line particle size information to compensate the errors caused by particle size variation. Near Infrared Spectroscopic Techniques for Agglomerated Materials (M. Hartikka) In agglomerated materials, interactions of the water and the material structure introduce complex physical and chemical phenomena.The spectra of the water is strong and characteristic in the near infrared (NIR) area but it dissappers in iron-ore. Reasons for this have been studied on the basis of the physical properties of the water in different forms. Different types of bonds between the water and the solid material strongly affect the surface properties. Also the magnetic properties are important in a mixture of hematite and magnetite.The NIR technique was not suitable for moisture analysis of the iron-ores in the normal moisture range used in iron-ore pellet production.
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Advanced Knowledge Acquisition in Electronics Manufacturing for Improving Controllability of a Semiconductor Production Line (S. Gebus, M. Ruusunen, C.Vittoz, G.Valette) One of the major problems encountered when building knowledge based decision support systems is acquiring the necessary knowledge or expertise. Unlike data mining, which is a well-studied topic, knowledge acquisition is often not given enough importance. This research explored the knowledge acquisition process on electronics manufacturing lines. In electronics manufacturing in particular, it is quite common to obtain large databases and run blindly feature extraction methods. Performance of these methods could however be drastically increased by combining them with knowledge of the process. A method intended for line operators was developed for the purpose. The knowledge collected during preliminary tests made the defect classification possible. It is reasoned that the results combined to data-based methods could enable more informative on-line monitoring framework, and control of manufacturing lines.
3.2.2 New Universal Approach for Control of the Debarking Plant (A. Isokangas, K. Leiviskä) The main focus of the research has been to achieve universal results of parameters affecting log cleanliness and wood loss.This has been done by modelling several mill’s data, detecting the breaking of logs in different process conditions and studying the residence times of logs in pilot scale drum. This is important because there was earlier no clear idea about optimal process conditions and therefore the process is usually controlled manually. Usually the rotating speed of a drum is too high and control strategies vary with each shift. The measurements and understanding of phenomena have also been found out to be inaccurate and inadequate. On the basis of the above, the noises of the debarking drum has been recorded and studied, and this probably tells about wood losses and the state of the process. Image processing is also used to find out the quality of the wood going to process, the volumetric filling degree and the breaking of logs in the drum. Using intelligent methods the control of the debarking plant is aimed at developing to be optimal, when wood losses, energy use and stops in process can be minimised. Pulp and paper mills will receive information on how to control debarking process, which enables great economical savings.
3.2.3 ReGenGas- Hybrid Reforming Process for the Recycling of Greenhouse Gases and for Upgrading in the Reduction and Combustion Processes (T. Mäki, J. Ruuska, K. Leiviskä) The share of the worldwide emissions of CO2-gas from the energy production and
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metal manufacturing is estimated to be around 40-50 %. The solutions developed to decrease emissions in both industries have quite seldom been able to adapt outside the target processes. New kinds of arrangements for the recycling of the gas flows of the combustion and reduction processes using reforming, seem to make it possible to have partly closed gas circulation and therefore to reduce the amount of the greenhouse gases.The critical technological challenge in the circulation concept is to develop a hybrid process that connects the energy-saving reforming, which has flexible raw materials, and the gasification of biomass. The aim of the project is to develop a hybrid process that is presented above.The results are going to be verified by doing laboratory tests with the laboratory equipment, which will be constructed to be like the explained process. The target is to verify the results that were calculated/simulated in the earlier project, closed gas circulation’s reduction and combustion processes and utilisation of CO2, (CO2H2), which was funded by TEKES. The partners are University of Oulu/ Process Metallurgy, Mass and Heat Transfer Process and Control Engineering from University of Oulu and Heat Engineering from Åbo Akademi, National Technology Agency of Finland (TEKES), Outokumpu Technology Oy, EHOVOC Oy and Neste Oil Oyj.
3.2.4 START- Standard Reasoning Toolbox- Project (J. Posio, U. Saarela, A.Sorsa, J. Ruuska, K. Leiviskä) The target of this research is to develop the control of entire processes with intelligent calculation and reasoning methods. The aim is for the providing of increases in useful information and decreases in the providing of useless information. In Rautaruukki’s case, which is the main research area of the Control Engineering Laboratory, the research is done on the strip rolling mill of Raahe’s Steel Works. The aim is to separate features from the cooling data, to analyze them and present the analyses that represent the best action and success of cooling. A user interface for doing pre-processing, viewing trends, doing filtering and result visualization is done based on Matlab®. Also, packing of two dimension process data with wavelets is tested to be able to store the data for a longer time. The partners are University of Oulu/Control Engineering Laboratory, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT/Electronics, Advanced Interactive Systems, Rautaruukki Oyj, Capricode Oy and National Technology Agency of Finland (TEKES).
3.2.5 STOKERI- Advanced Control of Small-scale Stoker Fired Boilers Project (M. Ruusunen, K. Leiviskä) Stoker burners are used for small-scale energy production, where a typical heat output varies between 10 – 2000 kW. Burners in this scale are mainly designed for the use of biomass as a fuel, for example wood chips, wood pellets and fuel peat. Combustion is
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often non-optimal due to the lack of proper monitoring and control methods, and because of strongly changing power requirements and fuel quality. This may results in decreased efficiency with high pollution levels. In this research, new monitoring and control alternatives are explored in order to develop a control framework for small-scale stoker fired boilers. The study is first focused on identification of important variables and characteristics of the combustion process. Attempts are then made to replace some expensive measurements utilising the soft sensor approach, followed by the development of an inferential control strategy.To cope with changing process conditions, synthesis of advanced adaptation mechanisms and conventional control methods are also studied. At every stage, combustion experiments are to be conducted with a commercial stoker fired boiler to test results in practice. Results of this project can be further utilised in the development of automated control systems for small-scale combustion units. First stage of this project was financed by TEKES, Veljekset Ala-Talkkari Oy, Masa-Tuote Ky and ProDevice Oy.TEKES,Veljekset Ala-Talkkari Oy, LL-Automaatio Oy and Insinööritoimisto Jari Luoma Ky financed the second stage which started on 1.11.2005. The research is realised in co-operation with VTT Prosessit, Jyväskylä. The project belongs to technology programme “Small-scale Production and Use of Wood Fuels 2002-2006”, organised by TEKES.
3.2.6 Development of Web Break Sensitivity Indicator (T.Ahola, K.Leiviskä) On-line measurements and expert knowledge are combined in paper machine modelling in order to develop an indicator for the prediction of paper web break sensitivity. This continuous indication of break risk will give operators useful information of the paper machine performance. Predicted break sensitivity enables the reaction to changes of break risk in time and therefore avoidance of breaks. Later on fewer disturbances will increase the runnability of paper machine and also process stability and efficiency will improve. The indicator has been developed as a Case-Based Reasoning- type application with linguistic equations and fuzzy logic.The case base of the system contains models of example cases with different amount of breaks. The indicator compares on-line measurements to these examples and uses the information of the best fitting case to predict the break sensitivity.The latest indicator version contains 40 different case models with 73 variables. The case base was evaluated by weighing the models based on ones suitability in a real process situation. Testing of the indicator with evaluated case base was carried out online at the paper mill. In these tests the predicted break sensitivity reached considerably good correlations compared to the real break sensitivity. This project leads to a Doctorate Thesis. Financing came from Tauno Tönning Foundation.
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3.2.7 Production 2010: Business Directed Control of Operational State, Communication and Information Streams in Process Industry (T. Ahola, A. Sorsa, S. Gebus, E. Juuso, K. Leiviskä) The Production 2010 project has collected a multidisciplinary research consortium to analyse and study topics such as implementation technologies, information discovery, decision making and communication and integrated use of information. The focus is on the process industry and the deliverables include scientific publications, practical guidelines for specifying information systems, and simulator-based demonstrations. The project organizes research seminars and company-specific workshops. The seminar series containing Decision Day and Methods Day started in 2005 and it will continue with Software Day in 2006. The research consortium comprisesVTT,TKK,Tampere University ofTechnology, University of Jyväskylä and University of Oulu. Financing comes from Tekes and eight companies.
3.2.8 Application of Control Engineering Methods in Drug Testing (M. Ruusunen, K. Leiviskä) Basic transfer function and time-series models were applied to analyse data collected from clinical tests on patient groups. Tests were typically pulse tests and applied to selegiline pharmacokinetic trials. Compared with population kinetics, dynamic models can be used in forecasting and simulation, and also their visualizing capability is better. Principal component analysis was also tested in different forms for grouping of patients. This study is done in co-operation with the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu.
3.3 Industrial Projects 3.3.1 KONTROL-The Development of LD-converter’s Blowing by Measurement and Control Techniques (J. Ruuska, K. Leiviskä) The aim of the project is to develop the control of the converter’s blowing by improving the usability of current measurements and by testing new measurement possibilities. Also the knowledge of the behaviour of the converter will increase. By developing the control the scattering of the blowing results can be decreased and the yield of iron can be improved by decreasing the splashes during the blowing. This will be achieved by controlling the process so that the burning rate of carbon is controlled and there are no big momentary changes in it. The partners are University of Oulu/Control Engineering Laboratory, Rautaruukki Oyj and National Technology Agency of Finland (TEKES).
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3.3.2 KemDose- Dosage Tools for Water Treatment Chemicals Project (I. Joensuu, H. Kumpula,V. Rahkolin, E. Juuso, K. Leiviskä) The aim of the project is to develop generic dosage tools for water treatment chemicals. These tools consist of controllers, on-line soft sensors and an end user’s support system. Controllers have been tested in water treatment applications in municipal water works and in pulp and paper mills. Results have been very good. Controllers work well and they can keep the quality of outgoing water in the set point value. In 2005 these tools were applied to several new cases e. g. in sludge treatment and waste water treatment processes. In addition new measuring and control systems have been developed and tested in the laboratory and a mill. Also documentation and training material of dosage tools have been carried out. The KemDose-project financed by Kemira Oyj and TEKES ended in August 2005. A new KemOpti-project started in November 2005 continues the research.
3.3.3 MATTA- On-line Quality Control as a Tool for Quality Assurance and Production Management (J. Posio, J. Ruuska, K. Leiviskä) Surface inspection data contains numerical knowledge about type, location and seriousness of error. Customer requirement knowledge is included now in the codes that describe the end use classes. In each of these classes certain error rate is accepted. This information needs to be formalized, so that it can be compared.The target is to develop as universal a description method as possible for combined surface inspection data, which could be used in the tools of planning, monitoring and reporting. The partners are University of Oulu/Control Engineering Laboratory, Outokumpu Stainless Oy and National Technology Agency of Finland (TEKES).
3.3.4 VAATIVA - Production of Demanding Steel Products by Advanced Ladle Metallurgy and Casting (J. Ruuska, K. Leiviskä) Production of demanding steel products by advanced ladle metallurgy and casting is a joint research project by Rautaruukki Oyj, Imatra Steel Oy Ab and Outokumpu Stainless Oy. The main goal of the project is to enable production of new and demanding steel products according to corporate product strategies by utilizing modern ladle metallurgy and casting technology. Improving cost efficiency, quality producing ability and reliability of deliveries has an essential role in the project to retain and improve the competitiveness of steel industry. Control Engineering’s research in this project is focused on the modelling of IF-steel’s vacuum treatment and control development for the vessel.
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The partners are University of Oulu, Rautaruukki Oyj, Imatra Steel Oy Ab, Outokumpu Stainless Oy, Helsinki University of Technology and National Technology Agency of Finland (TEKES).
3.4 Other Projects 3.4.1 Dynamic Simulation of Solar Fields (E. Juuso) The dynamic models of the solar collector field provide a smooth and accurate overall behaviour achieved with linguistic equations combined special situation handling with fuzzy systems. Distributed parameter models extend the operability of the simulator to evaluating the controller performance for drastic changes, e.g. startup and large load disturbances, and local disturbances and malfunctioning. The adaptive control technique tuned with this simulator has reduced considerably temperature differences between collector loops. Genetic algorithms with binary coding provided a good overall operation of the control system. The new tuning approach combining simulation and model-based predictive control reduced considerably temperature differences between collector loops. Efficient energy collection was achieved even in variable operating conditions.The models are based on the data collected from a solar collector field at Plataforma Solar de Almeria (PSA) in Spain.
3.4.2 Intelligent Condition Monitoring (E. Juuso) Machine condition monitoring enables a reliable and economical way of action for maintenance operations in modern industrial plants. Increasing the number of measurement points and more demanding problems requires automatic fault detection. Advanced signal processing methods exposes failures earlier and provides information on suitable operating conditions of machines. Intelligent methods have been used in model based fault diagnosis for combining a large number of features. A test rig was used to simulate different fault types and changes in operating conditions. Classification is based on linguistic equation (LE) models developed for normal operation and nine fault cases including rotor unbalance, bent shaft, misalignment and bearing faults. The classification results of the experimental cases are very good and logical. As even very small faults are detected by a slight increase of membership, the results are very promising for early detection of faults. The same approach has been used for developing a cavitation indicator for a Kaplan water turbine.This research was done in co-operation with the Mechatronics and Machine Diagnostics Laboratory of the University of Oulu.
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3.4.3 Model-based Monitoring of Immobilized Yeast Fermentation (E. Juuso) Continuous fermentation requires fast and precise response to any changes in process conditions. Nowadays control systems are either lacking or inadequate for this purpose. This paper introduces a model-based system for detecting operating conditions. The system based on the Linguistic Equation (LE) approach was developed and tested in immobilized yeast fermentation. The created models can be used for monitoring and diagnostics of fermentation and flavour formation. By creating grounds for prediction of quality factors the models increase options to control the product quality in different cases. The modular model library is expandable. This research was done in co-operation with Hartwall Ltd.
4. THESIS For the degree of Diploma Engineer ANTTILA Esa
Optimization of Bending Done With Coilbox
HAAPALAINEN Risto
Factors That Effect Coke Pushing Intensity
HYTTINEN Matti
Studying of Coating Uniformity with Different Measuring Techniques.
HÄNNINEN Antti
Development of an Alloying Calculation Model for Ladle Treatment.
KYLLÖNEN Toni
Oxygen/Inert Ratio Control at Step 4 in AOD-process.
PIETILÄ Jari
The Ultilization of On-line Beating Degree Analyzer in the Refining Control of the Fine Paper Machine.
PIETILÄ Kai
Identification and Control of Batch Combustion of Wood in a Fireplace.
RAHKOLIN Vesa
Analysis and Modelling of the Final Clarification of the Wastewater Treatment Plant.
SIRKKA Jouni
Real-time Process Control Via Network.
TAPIO Heidi
Rationalizing the Implementation of the Optimization Products.
TENKKU Heikki
Measuring the Moisture in Chromite Concentrate Using Microwave Technique.
Dr Juha Jaako completed his studies in “Management and Educational Administration”, 25 ECTS, and in “Chemistry”, 60 ECTS, at the University of Oulu.
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5. PARTICIPATIONS Professor Kauko Leiviskä participated in - NiSIS Kick-Off Meeting, Aachen, Germany, 3 - 5 March, 2005 - COST E36 Meeting and Workshop, Annecy, France, 26 - 28 April, 2005 - NiSIS Focus Group NiDT Workshop, Genova, Italy, 27 - 28 May, 2005 - NiSIS/JCB Spring School & Workshop: Reverse Engineering in Systems Biology, Jena, Germany, 9 - 10 June, 2005 - International Workshop on Combustion Control of Small-Scale Wood Fired Appliances, Jyväskylä, 17 June - NiSIS ITB Meeting, Brussels, Belgium, 22 June, 2005 - 16th IFAC World Congress, Prague, 3 - 8 July, 2005 - PaPSaT Annual Seminar, Jyväskylä, 25 August, 2005 - Automaatio’05 – Seminaaripäivät, Helsinki, Finland, 6 - 8 September 2005 - 2nd International Seminar Maintenance, Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics, Oulu, Finland, 28 - 29 September, 2005 - COST E36 Workshop on Model Validation, Helsinki, 6 October, 2005 - NiSIS ITB Meeting, Aachen, Germany, 30 November, 2005 Chief Engineer Leena Yliniemi participated in - Automaatio’05 – Seminaaripäivät, Helsinki, Finland, 6 - 8 September 2005 acting as chair of the session “ Automaatioalan koulutus”. - 16th IFAC World Congress, Prague, 3 - 8 July, 2005 participating in two technical committee meetings: Education Committee and Networked Systems Committee Researcher Timo Ahola participated in - Maintenance, Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics. 28 - 29 September 2005, Oulu Researcher Sebastien Gebus participated in - Northern Test Center Workshop on Test and Inspection Data Utilization in Electronics Manufacturing. 10 February , Oulu. Researcher Ari Isokangas participated in - ÄLY ja PI teknologiaohjelmien loppuseminaari, March, 2005, Helsinki. - 59th Appita Annual Conference and Exhibition. May 2005, Auckland, New Zealand, giving a presentation “Analysis of Debarking Times Using Pilot Scale Drum” - PaPSaT Annual Seminar. August 2005, Jyväskylä, giving a presentation “Process Analysis and Total Control of Debarking Drum Using Intelligent Methods” - Automaatio’05 – Seminaaripäivät, Helsinki, Finland, 6 - 8 September 2005. - Puunkäsittelyn kokemusten vaihtopäivät. September 2005, Kemi, giving a presentation ”kuorintaparametrien vaikutus puuhäviöön ja hakkeen laatuun”
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Senior Assistant Juha Jaako participated in - Kasvatustieteen päivät 2005, Jyväskylän yliopisto, Jyväskylä, Finland, 17 - 18 November 2005. - ReflekTori 2005 – Tekniikan opetuksen symposium,Teknillinen korkeakoulu, Espoo, Finland, 20 - 21 October 2005. - Automaatio’05 – Seminaaripäivät, Helsinki, Finland, 6 - 8 September 2005 giving a presentation “Yliopistojen tutkinnonuudistus – Mitä on tapahtumassa suomalaiselle DI-koulutukselle?”. Researcher Iiris Joensuu participated in - European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering-15 (Escape-15), Barcelona, Spain, 29 May – 1 June, giving a presentation “Dynamic Simulator for Dosing of Water Treatment Chemicals” - PapSat Annual Seminar, 25 - 26 August, Jyväskylä, giving a presentation “Dosing Control of Water Treatment Chemicals Assistant Pasi Joensuu participated in - DeltaV implemenatation course, 30 May - 3 June, 2005 Senior Assistant Esko Juuso participated in - Northern Test Center Workshop on Test and Inspection Data Utilization in Electronics Manufacturing, Oulu, 10 February, acting as chair of the workshop and giving a presentation “Intelligent Systems in Electronics Manufacturing”. - Joint Seminar of the technology programmes ÄLY – Intelligent Automation Systems and PI – Process Integration, Espoo, 15 March, presenting several posters. - Seminar Benefits of Simulation in Process Industry on a cruising on the Baltic Sea between Helsinki and Stockholm, 13 – 15 April, acting as chair of seminar and giving a presentation “Dynamic Simulators in Tuning of Intelligent Control Systems”. - Nanotechnology in Northern Europe Congress, Helsinki, 27 - 28 April. - TEKES Seminar on Process Measurements in Food and Pharmaceutical Industry, LIMIT – Business from Measurements, Helsinki, 7 June. - 16th IFAC World Congress, Prague, 3 - 8 July, giving a presentation “Modelling and Control of a Solar Thermal Power Plant”, presenting two posters “Nonlinear Control in Changing Operating Conditions” and “Model-based Monitoring of Immobilized Yeast Fermentation Using Fuzzy Logic and Linguistic Equations”, and acting as chair of session “Soft Computing for Control”. - International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing,WISP 2005, Faro, Portugal, 1 - 3 September , giving a presentation “Nonlinear Scaling of Signals for Intelligent Analyzers”. - Automation 2005, Helsinki, 6 - 8 September, giving a presentation “Tuning of Intelligent Control with Model-based Predictive Control” and acting as chairman of session “Advanced Control and Measurement Methods”.
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- International Seminar on Maintenance, Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics, Oulu, 28 - 29 September, giving a presentation “Combining Monitoring and Process Data in Detecting Operating Conditions in Process Industry”. - SIMS 2005 – 46th Conference on Simulation and Modelling, Trondheim, Norway, 13 - 14 October, giving a presentation “Dynamic Simulation of a Fed-batch Enzyme Fermentation Process” and acting as chair of session “Mathematical Modelling”. - Northern Test Center Workshop on Remote Testing and Diagnostics, Oulu, 24 October.
Researcher Timo Mäki participated in - SIMS 2005 – 46th Conference on Simulation and Modelling, Trondheim, Norway, 13 - 14 October, giving a presentation “Simulation of a Steel Factory’s Closed Gas Circulation”. Researcher Jari Näsi participated in - Bio and Hydrometallurgy ’05, Cape Town, South Africa, 16 - 18 March 2005 giving a presentation “Solution Filtration in Cobalt Removal Process: Detection of Varying Process Conditions “ - ICINCO- Second International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. 14 - 17 September, 2005, Barcelona, Spain - giving a presentation “Confidence Based Estimation and Deterioration Indicator of On-line Measurement” - CDC-EEC’05 44th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference ECC 2005, 12 - 15 December, 2005, Seville, Spain giving a presentation “Sensor Validation and Outlier Detection with Adaptive Fuzzy Limits”. Researcher Jari Ruuska participated in - IFAC 16th World Congress, Prague, 4 – 8 July giving a presentation “Data Classification in Temperature Modelling of LD-KG Converter”. - Automaatiopäivät’05, Helsinki, 6 – 8 September giving a presentation “Measurements Used to Control LD-KG-Converter”. Researcher Mika Ruusunen participated in - NTC-Workshop, Oulu, 10 February, giving a presentation “Manufacturing Monitoring of Automated Screw Insertion Processes”. - ÄLY – Älykkäät automaatiojärjestelmät 2001-2004 TEKES-final seminar, Espoo, 15 March. - International Workshop on Combustion Control of Small-Scale Wood Fired Appliances, Jyväskylä, 17 June, giving a presentation “Some Advanced Ideas for Monitoring and Control of Small-Scale Combustion Appliances”. - CIRA2005, The 6th IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics
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and Automation, Espoo, 27 - 30 June, giving a presentation “Comparison of Three Change Detection Algorithms for an Electronics Manufacturing Process”, - ICINCO 2005, The Second International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics, Barcelona, Spain, 13 - 17September, giving a presentation “Systematic Approach to Model-Based Data Survey”, - Cost E36 Workshop on Model Validation, Espoo, 6 October, - Lämpöä ja sähköä biopolttoaineista puhtaasti TEKES-seminar, Tampere, 15 - 16 November, giving a presentation “Mitä uutta stokeripolton säädössä?”.
6.
PAPERS AND PUBLICATIONS
Ahola J., Heikkinen E-P., Hiltunen J., Jaako J., Luhtaanmäki S. & Puikkonen M.: Pedagoginen malli tutkinnonuudistustyölle Oulun yliopiston prosessi- ja ympäristötekniikan osastolla. ReflekTori 2005 - Tekniikan opetuksen symposium, 20.-21.10.2005, Teknillinen Korkeakoulu, Dipoli, Espoo. http://ntsat.oulu.fi/Henkilokunta/jaako/Julkaisut/ Reflektori2005_1.pdf Ahola J., Heikkinen E-P., Hiltunen J., Jaako J., Luhtaanmäki S. & Puikkonen M.: Tutkinnonuudistustyön organisointi Oulun yliopiston prosessi- ja ympäristötekniikan osastolla. ReflekTori 2005 - Tekniikan opetuksen symposium, 20.-21.10.2005, Teknillinen Korkeakoulu, Dipoli, Espoo. http://ntsat.oulu.fi/Henkilokunta/jaako/Julkaisut/Reflektori2005_2.pdf Ahola T .& Leiviskä K.: Case-based Reasoning in Web Break Sensitivity Evaluation in a Paper Machine. Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics. Vol.9 No.5, 2005. Gabrys B., Leiviskä K.& Strackeljan, J., eds.: Do Smart Adaptive Systems Exist? Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing 173, SpringerVerlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005. 370 s. Hiltunen J. & Jaako J., eds.: Prosessi- ja ympäristötekniikan osaston opetuksen itsearviointiraportti 2005 -– Esitys koulutuksen laatuyksiköksi. Prosessi- ja ympäristötekniikan osasto, Oulun yliopisto. 11.10.2005. 14 s. http://ntsat.oulu.fi/Henkilokunta/jaako/Julkaisut/PYO_esitys_2007_2009.pdf Hiltunen J. & Jaako J.: Yliopistojen tutkinnonuudistus – Mitä on tapahtumassa suomalaiselle DI-koulutukselle? Automaatio 2005 Seminaaripäivät, 6.-8.9.2005, Helsinki, Messukeskus. In: Ylén J-P (toim.) Automaatio 05 - Seminaaripäivät, SAS Julkaisusarja nro 28, ss. 55-60. Suomen automaatioseura ry. ISBN 952-5183-23-8. http://ntsat.oulu.fi/Henkilokunta/jaako/Julkaisut/Automaatio2005.pdf Hyvönen A., Isokangas A., Pöllänen K. & Niinimäki J.: Management of Log Delay Time with Drumming Parameters. In the Proceedings of
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Modelling, Identification, and Control – 2005. 16 - 18 February , 2005, Innsbruck, Austria. ISBN 0 88986 472 1
Isokangas A. & Ruusunen M.: Systematic approach for data survey. In the Proceedings of the International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. 14 - 17 September , 2005, Barcelona, Spain. pp. 60 -– 65. ISBN 972 8865 31 7. Isokangas A., Hyvönen A., Pöllänen K. &Leiviskä K.: Analysis of Debarking Times Using Pilot Scale Drum. In the Proceedings of the 59th Appita Annual Conference and Exhibition. 16 - 19 May, 2005, Auckland, New Zealand. pp. 95 - 100. ISBN 0 9585548 9 7. Isokangas A. & Leiviskä K.: Optimisation of Wood Losses in Log Debarking Drum. Paperi ja Puu - Paper and Timber 87(2005)5. pp. 324 - 328. Isokangas A, Hyvönen A, Pöllänen K,Tuomaranta M & Laitinen O.: Uunikuha –projektin loppuraportti. Report B No 56. University of Oulu, Control Engineering Laboratory. August 2005. 59 p. ISBN 951-42-7828-3. Jaako J., ed.: Omaopettajatoiminnan koordinaatiosivu – Oops!-projekti 2005- .WWW-sivusto. Prosessija ympäristötekniikan osasto, Oulun yliopisto. 12.10.2005. http://ntsat.oulu.fi/oops/oops. html Jaako J.: Aktivoivia opetusmenetelmiä Oulun yliopiston säätötekniikan laboratoriossa. ReflekTori 2005 - Tekniikan opetuksen symposium, 20.-21.10.2005, Teknillinen Korkeakoulu, Dipoli, Espoo. http://ntsat.oulu.fi/Henkilokunta/jaako/Julkaisut/Reflektori2005_3.pdf Jaako J.: Omaopettajakoulutus Prosessi- ja ympäristötekniikan osastossa - Ostik-projekti 20032005. WWW-sivusto. Prosessi- ja ympäristötekniikan osasto, Oulun yliopisto. 1.6.2005. http://ntsat.oulu.fi/ook/omaopettajakoulutus.html Jaako J.: Tekniikan pedagogiikka – Metakognitiivisten taitojen kehittyminen ja kehittäminen tekniikan opiskelijoilla. Oulun yliopisto, Säätötekniikan laboratorio, Raportti B No 58. Lokakuu 2005. ISBN 951-42-7874-7. http://ntsat.oulu.fi/Henkilokunta/jaako/Julkaisut/bno58.pdf Jaako J.: Teknologiakasvatus – terminologiako hukassa? Kasvatustieteen päivät, 17.-18.11.2005, Jyväskylän yliopisto, Jyväskylä. Abstrakti kirjassa: Koulutuksen kulttuurit ja hyvinvoinnin politiikat, Suomen kasvatustieteellinen seura ry: Jyväskylä. ISBN 951-39-2340-1. http://ntsat. oulu.fi/Henkilokunta/jaako/Julkaisut/Teknologiakasvatus_Jaako_Paperi.pdf
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Joensuu I., Dosing Control of Water Treatment Chemicals. In Yearbook 2005 of PapSat, pp 120124 Joensuu I., Piironen M. & Juuso E.: Dynamic Simulator for Dosing of WaterTreatment Chemicals. In Proceedings of European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering-15 (Escape-15), Barcelona, Spain, 29 May – 1 June, 2005, p. 301-306. Juuso E. K.: Modelling and Control of a Solar Thermal Power Plant. In: Preprints of 16th IFAC World Congress, Prague, 3 - 8 July, 2005 (P.Horacek, M. Simandl and P. Zitek, eds.),Th-A16-TO/5, 6 pp. IFAC. Juuso E. K.: Nonlinear Control in Changing Operating Conditions. In: Preprints of 16th IFAC World Congress, Prague, 3 - 8 July, 2005 (P.Horacek, M. Simandl and P. Zitek, eds.), We-M01TP/22, 6 pp. IFAC. Juuso E. K.: Nonlinear Scaling of Signals for Intelligent Analyzers. In: Proceedings of International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing, 1 - 3 September, 2005, Faro, Portugal, 6 pp., IEEE Catalog Number: 05EX1039C, ISBN: 0-7803-9031-8 Juuso E. K.: Dynamic Simulation of a Fed-batch Enzyme Fermentation Process. In: Proceedings of SIMS 2005, 46th Conference on Simulation and Modelling, 13 - 14, October, 2005, Trondheim Norway (J. Amundsen, H.I. Andersson, E Celledoni, T. Gravdahl, F. I. Michelsen, H. R. Nagel & T. Natvig, Eds.), pp. 117-124. Tapir Academic Press, ISBN: 82-519-2093-0 Juuso E.: Älykkään adaptiivisen säädön virittäminen mallipohjaisen ennakoivan säädön avulla. In: Automaatio 2005 Seminaaripäivät, 6.-8.9.2005, Helsinki, SAS julkaisusarja nro 28 (J.-P.Ylen, Ed.). pp. 165-170. Finnish Automation Society. Helsinki, ISSN 1455-6502, ISBN 952-518322-X, ISBN: 952-5183-23-8. Juuso E. K. & Kronlöf J.: Model-based Monitoring of Immobilized Yeast Fermentation Using Fuzzy Logic and Linguistic Equations. In: Preprints of 16th IFAC World Congress, Prague, 3 - 8 July, 2005, (P.Horacek, M. Simandl and P. Zitek, eds.), Mo-M01-TP/5, 6 pp. IFAC. Juuso E. & Leiviskä K.: Combining Monitoring and Process Data in Detecting Operation Conditions in Process Industry. Maintenance, Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics, Proceedings of the 2nd International Seminar, 28 - 29 September, Oulu, Finland, ss. 145-156.
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Juuso, E. & Leiviskä K.: Intelligent Control for Pulp Mill Fiber Line – KUHA. In: Process Integration 200-2004, Technology Programme Report (J. Söderman, Ed.). pp. 73-79. Åbo Akademis tryckeri, Åbo. ISBN: 952-12-1629 Kivikunnas S., Keski-Säntti J.& Ruuska J.: Need and Advantages of Standardisation in Performance Systems of Production, Automaatiopäivät " 05, Helsinki, 6.-8.9.2005, p. 329-334 (in Finnish). Leiviskä K.: Problem Definition – From Applications to Methods. In “Do Smart Adaptive Systems Exist?” by Gabrys, B., Leiviskä, K., Strackeljan, J., (Eds.). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005, ss. 19-26. Leiviskä K.: Examples of Smart Adaptive Systems in Model-Based Diagnostics. In “Do Smart Adaptive Systems Exist?” by Gabrys, B., Leiviskä, K., Strackeljan, J., (Eds.). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005, ss. 233-250. Leiviskä, K. & Yliniemi, L.: Design of Adaptive Fuzzy Controllers. In “Do Smart Adaptive Systems Exist?” by Gabrys, B., Leiviskä, K., Strackeljan, J., (Eds.). Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2005, ss. 251-266. Mattina V. & Yliniemi L.: Process Control Across Network. Oulun yliopisto, Säätötekniikan laboratorio, Raportti A No 28. October 2005. ISBN 951-42-7875-5.ISSN 238-9390. Mäki T.& Ruuska J.: Simulation of a Steel Factory’s Closed Gas Circulation, Scandinavian Conference on Simulation and Modelling, 13 - 14 October, 2005, Trondheim, Norway, , In: Proceedings of SIMS 2005, 46th Conference on Simulation and Modelling, 13 - 14 October, 2005, Trondheim, Norway ((J. Amundsen, H. I. Andersson, E. Celledoni,T. Gravdahl, F. I. Michelsen, H. R. Nagel & T. Natvig, Eds.), pp.1-6. Tapir Academic Press, ISBN: 82-519-2093-0 Näsi J. & Leiviskä K.: Solution Filtration in Cobalt Removal Process: Detection of Varying Process Conditions. Minerals Engineering 18, Issues 13-14, 1253–1258. (November 2005) Selected papers from Bio and Hydrometallurgy ’05, Cape Town, South Africa Näsi J. & Leiviskä K.: Solution Filtration in Cobalt Removal Process: Detection of Varying Process Conditions. Bio and Hydrometallurgy ’05, Cape Town, South Africa (16-18.3.2005) Näsi J. & Sorsa A.: Confidence Based Estimation and Deterioration Indicator of On-line Measurement. Second International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics. 14 - 17 September, 2005, Barcelona, Spain, 340-344. ISBN: 972-8865-31-7
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Näsi J., Sorsa A.& Leiviskä K.: Sensor Validation and Outlier Detection with Adaptive Fuzzy Limits. 44th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control Conference ECC 2005, 12 - 15 December, 2005, Seville, Spain Paavola M., Ruusunen M. & Pirttimaa M.: Some Change Detection and Time-series Forecasting Algorithms for an Electronics Manufacturing Process, Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, Control Engineering Laboratory, University of Oulu, Report Series A 26. March 2005. 23 p. ISBN 951-42-7662-0. ISBN 951-42-7663-9 (pdf). Posio J. & Ruuska J.: Strip Temperature Toolbox for Temperature Analysing of Hot Strip, Laboratory report B61. University of Oulu, Oulu, November 2004, 15 p. (in Finnish Posio J., Sorsa A., Ruha P.& Ruuska J.: Upgrading ofTemperature Information to Diagnose Cooling,Automaatiopäivät 05, Helsinki, 6 - 8 September, 2005, p. 361-366 (in Finnish). Ruuska J., Ollila S. & Leiviskä K.: Data Classification in Temperature Modelling of LD-KG Converter, 16th IFAC World Congress, Praque, Czech Republic, 4 - 8 July, 2005, CD-ROM, IFAC 2005, p. 1-6. Ruuska J., Ollila S.& Leiviskä K.: Measurements used to control LD-KG-converter, Automaatiopäivät 05, Helsinki, 6.8.9.2005, p. 311-316 (in Finnish). Ruusunen M., Paavola M., Pirttimaa M. & Leiviskä K.: Comparison of Three Change Detection Algorithms for an Electronics Manufacturing Process. In proceedings: CIRA2005,The 6th IEEE International Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation, Espoo, Finland, 27 - 30 June, 2005. ISBN: 0-7803-9356-2 (CD). Sorsa A., Saarela U. & Ruuska J.: Devepment of Information from Series of Measurements – Compression and Extraction of SCOAP-temperature Profile, Laboratory report B62. University of Oulu, Oulu, November 2004, 16 p. (in Finnish). Sorsa A.& Näsi J: Lähi-infrapunamittauksen epälineaarinen kalibrointi neuroverkoilla ja neuro-sumeilla menetelmillä. Tammikuu 2005. Säätötekniikan laboratorio, Raportti B No 54. ISBN 95142-7633-7 Tuomaranta M. and Isokangas A.: Äänimittausten käyttö kuorimarummun tilan määrityksessä. In the Proceedings of Automaatio 05. 6 - 8 September, 2005, Helsinki. pp. 451-456. ISBN 952 5183 23 8.
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Turpeinen E., Mäki T., Angerman M.& Ruuska J.: Closed Gas Loop Principles in Reduction and Combustion Processes, Part I, Gas Reforming Principles and Case Studies with Steel Plant Process Gases, Department report 317, University of Oulu, Oulu, September 2005, 85 p. Yliniemi L. & Sirkka J.: Verkon kautta tapahtuva prosessin etäsäätö. In the Proceedings of Automaatio 05. 6 - 8 September, 2005, Helsinki. pp. 299-304. ISBN 952 5183 23 8. Yliniemi L.: Annual Report 2004. University of Oulu. Control Engineering Laboratory. Department of Process and Environmental Engineering, Oulu 2004. 32 p.
7.
GUESTS AND VISITS
Senior Assistant Esko Juuso visited L’Institut Francais de Mecanique Avancee (IFMA), Clermont-Ferrand, France, September 12-21.
8.
OTHERS
Kauko Leiviskä has been - Vice-Dean of Technical Faculty in the University of Oulu - Head of Department of Process Engineering - Head of Control Engineering Laboratory - Member of Integrating Board, NiSIS CA-network - Chairman of Campus Futurus Steering Group, University of Oulu - Chair of Co-ordinating Group for Neighbourhood Cooperation - Member and Vice-Chair of Board for Thule-Institute - Member and Vice-Chair of Library Board - Member of Board, Chydenius-Instituutti - Member in the Programme Board of Management, International Ph.D. Programme in Pulp and Paper Science and Technology - IFAC Contact Person of Finnish NMO - Member of IPC 2005 IEEE Symposium on Computational Intelligence in Robotics and Automation (CIRA 2005), Helsinki, Finland, June 27-30, 2005 - Member of IPC IASTED International Conference on Computational Intelligence (CI 2005), Calgary, Canada 4 -6 July, 2005 - Reviewer for IFAC World Congress, Prague 2005 for Technical Areas 3.2, 5.4 and 9.4 - Member of IPC International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks, (ICANN), Warsaw, Poland, 11 - 15 September, 2005 - Member of IPC 2nd International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO 2005), Barcelona, Spain, 14 – 17 September, 2005 - Member of IPC The 8th IASTED International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Control ~ISC 2005~ 31 October - 2 November, 2005, Cambridge, USA
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ANNUAL REPORT 2005
- Member of IPC Control Systems, Helsinki, Finland, - Member of IPC Advances in Control Education (ACE 2006), Madrid, Spain, 14 – 16 June, 2006 - Member of IPC International Conference on Informatics in Control, Automation and Robotics (ICINCO 2006), Setubal, Portugal, 1 - 5 August, 2006 - Member of IPC IASTED International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Control (ISC 2006), Honolulu, USA, 14 - 16 August, 2006. - Member of IPC, PULPAPER 2007, Helsinki, 5 - 7 June, 2007 Leena Yliniemi has been - Chair of Board, Association for Chief Engineers and Laboratory Managers in Technical Universities in Finland (YLI) - Member of the Civil Committee of the Finnish Association of Graduate Engineers TEK - Member of the Automation Foundation of the Finnish Society of Automation - Vice Member of the Council of the Technical Faculty - Member of the Council of the Department of Process and Environmental Engineering - Member of the Equality Committee in the University of Oulu - Chair of the Equality Group in the Technical Faculty - Vice Member of Campus Futurus Steering Group in the University of Oulu - Member of IFAC Control Education Committee - Reviewer for IFAC World Congress, Prague 2005 - Member of IPC Advances in Control Education (ACE 2006), Madrid, Spain, 14 – 16 June, 2006 - Chair of NOC for the 1st IFAC Workshop on Applications on Large Scale Industrial Systems - Vice Member of the Council in the City of Oulu - Member of the Energy Board in the City of Oulu - Vice Member of the Technical Board in the City of Oulu - Scientific Expert in the Research Council for Natural Sciences and Engineering in the Academy of Finland
Esko Juuso has been - Chair of Finnish Simulation Forum (FinSim) - Member of Board for the Scandinavian Simulation Society (SIMS) - Chair of Test Processes and Analysis Workgroup for the Northern Center for Electronics Manufacturing NCEM. - Member of IPC 46th Conference on Simulation and Modelling (SIMS 2005),Trondheim, Norway - Member of IPC European Simulation and Modelling Conference (ESM 2005), Porto, Portugal
ANNUAL REPORT 2005
Control Engineering Laboratory Department of Process and Environmental ����������� Engineering University of Oulu Linnanmaa Box 4300 FIN-90014 UNIVERSITY OF OULU Telephone: +358-8-553 2301 Telefax: +358-8-553 2304 Internet: http://ntsat.oulu.fi E-mail: first name.surname@oulu .fi
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