Compact city versus urban open space Bradecki Tomasz, PhD, arch. Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture Chair of Urban and Spatial Planning,
[email protected]
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Compact city versus urban open space compact city urban open space research methodology case studies
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
COMPACT CITY Refers to medevial city or XIX century city basic model for sustainable urban design (European Commission, Green Paper 2004)recommended by the European Commission in its 1991 Green Paper on the Urban Environment
Compact City Policies (Amsterdam, Hamburg, Copenhagen, Malmo)
Source: wikipedia.org
Compact, mixed-use and dense settlement structures enabling effective use of public transport and non carbased movement
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
DENSITY IN COMPACT CITY
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
DENSITY IN COMPACT CITY
there is no professional agreement how to measure density ratios vary on location, local technical requirements, local climate etc the latest literature shows interest in high density developments (Jenks et. al. 1996, Meta, per Haut 2004, Mozas, Javier, 2006)
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
DENSITY and REAL STATE VALUES
In some cases housing density doesn’t have a significant impact on real estate values
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
URBAN OPEN SPACE
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
URBAN OPEN SPACE - provides high quality of life - may be a source of environmental, spatial economic benefits
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
URBAN OPEN SPACE and REAL ESTATE VALUES
evidence of open space amenities such as trees, water, parks, squares, bicycle paths results in HIGHER real estate values (Luttik 2000, Cabe 2002)
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
COMPACT CITY ?
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
COMPACT CITY ?
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
density real estate value urban open space
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
density real estate value urban open space
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
RESULTS
density real estate value urban open space
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
RESULTS
density real estate value urban open space
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
RESULTS
density real estate value urban open space
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
RESULTS
density real estate value urban open space
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
RESULTS
In some cases housing density doesn’t have a significant impact on real estate values
real estate value density
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
RESULTS
evidence of open space amenities such as trees, water, parks, squares, bicycle paths results in HIGHER real estate values
real estate value urban open space
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
RESULTS Clear distiction of open and gated states results in HIGHER real estate values
density urban open space
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
CONCLUSION
Mapping - density - real estate values - urban open space May be useful in urban research and urban planning
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
CASE STUDIES
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) – Katowice Location : Heart of Silesian Metropolitan Region
Source: www.rudaslaska.pl urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
http://img110.imageshack.us/img110/9343/tysiacleciedts1ta9.jpg
SILESIA CITY CENTER
urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice The city centre of Katowice
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
www.zumi.pl
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
HOUSING estate – Oak Terraces
RETAIL space -Silesia City Center OFFICE space -Silesia Towers planned
Source: www.zumi.pl
urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice Source: www.silesiatowers.pl
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice FRONT side : Shopping mall entrance
urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice REAR side: entraces, car parking
urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice REAR side: towards OAK Terraces housing estate
urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice Gated housing estate: 50% finished
urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice ‘Inhabitants permitted to turn’
urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice ‘Inhabitants permitted to turn’
urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice Space unfriendly for pedestrians
urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
Density - 170 units/ha (6ha- housing) Open space - little Real estate values - IInd phase has not started
urban open space and compact city - Oak Terraces (Silesia City Center) - Katowice
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
The heart of the city of Goleniów (Poland) Masterplan for new mixed use development
Masterplan by ARCA – Michał Stangel and Tomasz Bradecki Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
The heart of the city of Goleniów (Poland) Masterplan for new mixed use development
Masterplan by ARCA – Michał Stangel and Tomasz Bradecki Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
The heart of the city of Goleniów (Poland) Masterplan for new mixed use development
Masterplan by ARCA – Michał Stangel and Tomasz Bradecki Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
The heart of the city of Goleniów (Poland) Masterplan for new mixed use development
Masterplan by ARCA – Michał Stangel and Tomasz Bradecki Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
The heart of the city of Goleniów (Poland) Masterplan for new mixed use development
Masterplan by ARCA – Michał Stangel and Tomasz Bradecki Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
The heart of the city of Goleniów (Poland) Masterplan for new mixed use development
Density - 37 units/ha (+retail) Open space - too much Real estate values - ...
Masterplan by ARCA – Michał Stangel and Tomasz Bradecki Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
THANK YOU
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010
REFERENCE
BELL SIMON, Montarzino Alicia, Travlou Penny, ‘Green and Public Space Research: Mapping Exercise: Full report Audience’, Open space Research Centre Edinburgh College of Art/Heriot Watt UniversityDepartment for Communities and Local Government, 2006 BUCHANAN COLLIN, 'Paved with gold: the real value of street design', CABE, Londyn; 2007 BUCHANAN PAUL, Heuman Daniel, Martin Wedderburn and Rob Sheldon ‘Valuing Walking Evaluating Improvements to the Public Realm’, Londyn, 2005 CABE, ‘The Value of Public Space, How high quality parks and public spaces create economic, social and environmental value’, CABE Space, 2002 CABE 'The value of urban design', London, 2001 CABE, ‘Mapping value in the built Environment’, London, 2006 CARMONA MATTHEW, Heath Tim, Oc Taner, Tiesdell Steven ‘Public spaces – urban places’ Architectural Press 2003 CLARK MICHAEL ,’The Compact City: European Ideal, Global Fix or Myth?’ GBER Vol. 4 No. 3 s.1- 10, april 2005 EUROPEAN UNION EXPERT GROUP ON THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT ‘Urban Design For Sustainability’ Final Report of the Working Group on Urban Design for Sustainability, 2004 http://eceuropa.eu/environment/urban/pdf/Q404finaLreport.pdf FARR DOUG, 'Sustainable Urbanism. Urban Design With Nature', John Wiley And Sons Ltd, 2007 FERNÁNDEZ PER AURORA, Arpa Javier ‘Density Projects’, a+t ediciones 2007 JENKS MIKE, Burton Elizabeth, Williams Kate ,’The Compact City: A Sustainable Form?’, London, Spon Press, 1996 KAUKO TOM ‘Comparing spatial feautures of Urban housing markets’, Delft University Press, Delft 2005 LUTTIK, J. ‘The value of trees, water and openspaces as reflected by house prices in the Netherlands’, Landscape and Urban Planning, Vol. 48, s.161-167, 2000 META B. PONT, Per Haupt, 'Spacemate : The Spatial Logic of Urban Density', Delft University Press, 2004 MOZAS JAVIER, Fernandez Per Aurora, ‘Density – new collective housing’, a+t editions, 2006 ROUWENDAL JAN, van der Straaten J. Willemijn, 'The Costs and Benefits of Providing Open Space in Cities', Tinbergen Institute, 2008 SCHEURER JAN ‘Compact city policy: how europe rediscovered its history and met resistance’ , The Urban Reinventors Issue 2, November 2007
Tomasz Bradecki, COMPACT CITY VERSUS URBAN OPEN SPACE, Aspects of density – FUSE - Seminar, 25 November 2010