Co.As.It. Italian Language Program Learn Italian the FUN way ITALIAN LEVEL A1.1. Articoli determinativi Definite articles

Co.As.It. Italian Language Program – Learn Italian the FUN way ITALIAN – LEVEL A1.1 Articoli determinativi – Definite articles In English there is jus...
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Co.As.It. Italian Language Program – Learn Italian the FUN way ITALIAN – LEVEL A1.1 Articoli determinativi – Definite articles In English there is just one definite article, THE and it is used with all nouns, both in the singular and in the plural. In Italian there are many different ways of saying THE, according to the gender (feminine or masculine), the number (singular or plural) and the initial letter of the noun that follows. The rules for using the singular definite articles are similar to those you already know for the indefinite articles: LO is used before a masculine singular noun beginning with z, s + consonant, gn, ps lo zio (the uncle)

lo studente (the student)

lo gnocco (the dumpling)

lo psicologo (the psychologist

lo sciopero (the strike)

lo zoo (the zoo)

lo straniero (the foreigner)

lo sconto (the discount)

IL is used before a masculine singular noun beginning with any other consonant il bambino (the child)

il sugo (the sauce)

il castello (the castle)

il pane (the bread)

il riso (the rice)

il ragazzo (the boy)

il gatto (the cat)

il cane (the dog)

LA is used before a singular feminine noun beginning with a consonant la scuola (the school)

la zanzara (the mosquito)

la casa (the house)

la ragazza (the girl)

la mela (the apple)

la sedia (the chair)

la zia (the aunt)

la strada (the street)

L’ is used before a masculine OR feminine singular noun beginning with a vowel l’amico (the friend)

l’amica (the friend)

l’esercizio (the exercise)

l’arancia (the orange)

l’aereo (the plane)

l’ora (the hour)

l’olio (the oil)

l’idea (the idea)

© Co.As.It. 2010

Italian Level A1.1 – Week 4 Reference (page 1)

Co.As.It. Italian Language Program – Learn Italian the FUN way NOTE: When a definite article is directly followed by an adjective, rather than by a noun, its form depends on the gender and the initial letter of the adjective. This means the same noun may require a different article if it is preceded by an adjective. il giorno (the day)

l’ultimo giorno (the last day)

l’esercizio (the exercise) la scuola (the school) l’opinione (the opinion)

lo stesso giorno (the same day)

il seguente esercizio (the next exercise) l’enorme scuola (the enormous school) la stessa opinione (the same opinion)

AGGETTIVI QUALIFICATIVI – DESCRIPTIVE ADJECTIVES Descriptive adjectives (gli aggettivi qualificativi) tell you what things are like – they describe nouns and pronouns: a tall boy, an important book, the weather is nice, a white one, those new ones In Italian adjectives change their form to agree in number and gender with the noun or pronoun they describe and they usually follow the noun they refer to (il ragazzo inglese = the English boy). singular

plural

example

Masculine

-O

-I

caro, cari

Feminine

-A

-E

cara, care

masculine and feminine

-E

-I

intelligente, intelligenti

 adjectives that end in – O / A: masculine singular – o: brutt-o / masculine plural – i: brutt-i feminine singular – a: brutt-a / feminine plural – e: brutt-e  adjectives that end in – E: masculine and feminine singular – e: veloc-e masculine and feminine plural – i: veloc-i  adjectives that end in – A: masculine and feminine singular – a: egoist-a masculine plural – i: egoist-i / feminine plural – e: egoist-e © Co.As.It. 2010

Italian Level A1.1 – Week 4 Reference (page 2)

Co.As.It. Italian Language Program – Learn Italian the FUN way

Some frequently used descriptive adjectives:

alto – tall basso – short

http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=http://1. bp.blogspot.com/s400/tall%2526short.gif

bello – pretty brutto – ugly

http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=http://image.shut terstock.com/stock-vector-optical-illusion-young-beautifulprincess-or-old-ugly-woman-vector-illustration67150864.jpg

forte – strong debole – weak

http://www.google.com.au/images?hl=en&biw=1276&bih= 815&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=strong%2Bweak+cli part&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=

vecchio – old giovane – young

http://www.google.com.au/images?hl=en&biw=1276&bih= 815&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=grandparent+clip+art &aq=0&aqi=g10&aql=&oq=grandparent+

© Co.As.It. 2010

buono – good cattivo – bad, naughty

http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=http://im ages.clipartof.com/Tug-Of-War-Battle-BetweenGood-And-Evil-Devil-And-Angel-Clipart-Picture.jpg

biondo – blond bruno – dark haired

http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=http://images.cli partof.com/small/32985-Clipart-Illustration-Of-Five-HappyRed-Blond-And-Brunette-Haired-Children.jpg

grasso – fat magro – thin, slender

http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=http://www.clipar tguide.com/_named_clipart_images/0060-0806-25173721_Fat_Bride_with_a_Skinny_Groom_clipart_image.jpg

ricco – rich povero – poor

http://www.google.com.au/images?hl=en&biw=1276&bih= 815&gbv=2&tbs=isch%3A1&sa=1&q=ricco%2Bpovero+cli part&aq=f&aqi=&aql=&oq=

Italian Level A1.1 – Week 4 Reference (page 3)

Co.As.It. Italian Language Program – Learn Italian the FUN way

lungo – long corto – short

leggero – light pesante – heavy

http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=http://etc.usf.edu /clipart/63600/63670/63670_pencil_lg.gif

http://www.google.com.au/imgres?imgurl=http://www.clipar today.com/_thumbs/012/education/scale_012002302_tnb. png

... and some others:  calmo – calm

 nervoso – nervous

 divertente – funny

 noioso – boring

 fortunato – fortunate

 sfortunato – unfortunate

 generoso – generous

 avaro – stingy, miserly

 simpatico – likeable

 antipatico – unpleasant

 grande – big

 piccolo – small

 felice – happy

 triste – sad

 lento – slow

 veloce – fast, quick

 nuovo – new

 vecchio – old

 sporco – dirty

 pulito – clean

When you describe a person: Aspetto fisico – Appearance Capelli (hair)

biondi (blond) / neri (black) / castani (brown) / rossi (red) / chiari (light) / scuri (dark) / corti (short) / lunghi (long) / ricci (curly) / lisci (straight) …

Occhi (eyes)

verdi (green) / azzurri (blue) / castani (brown) / neri (black) …

Naso (nose)

grosso (big) / lungo (long) / piccolo (small) / aquilino (aquiline) / storto (crooked) © Co.As.It. 2010

Italian Level A1.1 – Week 4 Reference (page 4)

Co.As.It. Italian Language Program – Learn Italian the FUN way Bocca (mouth)

sottile (thin) / carnosa (full) / grande (big) / piccola (small) …

Peso (weight)

grasso (fat) / magro (skinny) / snello (slender) / obeso (obese) / normale (normal) …

Altezza (height)

alto (tall) / medio (medium) / basso (short) …

Carattere – Character

simpatico (likeable) / antipatico (unpleasant) / divertente (funny) / allegro (cheerful) / noioso (boring) / timido (shy) …

AVVERBI QUANTITATIVI – QUANTITATIVE ADVERBS The most common quantitative adverbs are the following: troppo – too much

molto or tanto – much

abbastanza – enough

poco – little (un po’ – a little bit)

Carlo lavora molto. Loro parlano troppo.

© Co.As.It. 2010

Carlo works a lot. They speak too much.

Italian Level A1.1 – Week 4 Reference (page 5)