Cluttering, stuttering, reading and writing

Chair of Health Care & Technology for Quality of Life Cluttering, stuttering, reading and writing Dr. Yvonne van Zaalen Fontys University of Applied...
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Chair of Health Care & Technology for Quality of Life

Cluttering, stuttering, reading and writing

Dr. Yvonne van Zaalen Fontys University of Applied Sciences, Institute of Allied Health Professions

Chair of Health Care & Technology for Quality of Life

Cluttering Cluttering is a fluency disorder characterized by a rate that is perceived to be abnormally rapid, irregular or both for the speaker (although measured syllable rates may not exceed normal limits). These rate abnormalities further are manifest in one or more of the following symptoms:

Chair of Health Care & Technology for Quality of Life

…… a)

an excessive number of disfluencies, the majority of which are not typical of people who stutter b) the frequent placement of pauses and use of prosodic patterns that do not conform to syntactic and semantic constraints; and c) inappropriate (usually excessive) degrees of coarticulation among sounds, especially in multisyllabic words. (St. Louis et al, 2007).

Chair of Health Care & Technology for Quality of Life

Cluttering • Cluttering is a disorder of speech fluency, in which a person is not capable enough to adjust his/her speech rate to the syntactical or phonological demands of the moment. (Van Zaalen, 2009)

Chair of Health Care & Technology for Quality of Life

Main characteristics A fast and or irregular articulatory rate combined with: a. A higher than normal frequency of normal disfluencies and pausing errors (too short and on linguistical wrong places) b. Errors in word structures (syllable sequencing errors, overcoarticulation).

Chair of Health Care & Technology for Quality of Life

Levelt, 1989 language production

Articulatory rate

Chair of Health Care & Technology for Quality of Life

Cluttering and stuttering 8-15% Cluttering

33-55% Clutteringstuttering

30% Stuttering

Chair of Health Care & Technology for Quality of Life

Levelt, 1989 language production

Cluttering

Stuttering

Speech and writing

Model van Ellis & Young

Video cluttering

Peter Kissagizlis †

• A sample of Peter’s handwriting, (phonological cluttering):

A sample of Peter's "unguarded" typing, telling some of his personal story: I have had problems for many years, which started when I was at schol as far as I can remember, reading out in calss was one ot the problems, teacxhers would riducoue me for speaking funy, one wuol,d ay to me "speak ip bioy don't mumble", felow puoils woueld taunt me, no one understod me properly, I msde freinds but don't nkwo how myana. I woked hard, I was quiet, and fiound it hadr to tlak to people about some thisnhgs, adn this has hapend al my life and has held up my ecducation and employemnt. Even wehn I statred work people used to taunt me becasue I taklekd funny! I wa sbulied at scgol and at work, no one seemded to care. Life was so frustrating and intimidating, I had no idea that I had a porblem tlike \I know today, if I as awatre of tnis and the teacjhers ot my partent had adddressed this, i could myabwe had some help, hmmm, maybe not, no one knwe about clutering in those days, but it oculd have ben found that I had a comunication pronb;lem. I have treid al my life to please peole, I was told thaty I would never do any god in life and I tried to probve evrybody worng, I ewnt into busines in the 1970's and I struggeld to hold run a business sucsesfuly, I was not harfd enought to condunt a bisusiness proplery, nad fater mnay eyars I had to amdnit defeat, I packed it al up and went back to working fro zomseone else. At least I got pasid on a Friday every week. Whne working in the garages I was a motoer vehicle techniician and was god at my job, it would have been goukd ofr promotion, but each time I apliead for poromotion I was told dthat my spech was not suiyatbale for speaing to customomers and for teh many aplications I made in fiddefernt companies thaye gave me the sdame story. After years of feeling insecure, differnt, isolated and excluded, I know Kknow the comndition I have, which is clutteroimng, although it is not cured and nebver can be as fra as I am aware, at lwast I am aware of the conditini aadn people wil learn from tihs, and poepke who sufer as I do wil be able t undrestand what they ahve, the amin thinsg is, peiopokle worlkd wide awil be able to reecognise the condition and maybe the ptofessionals can impement a suitable treainhg/teacjhing athen evebntaualy a treatment regime. Ok, nuffs. enough! eh? the above sentences were typed as I type, I have made no attempt to delibertaly slow down or edit the text, this sentence is deliberately typed slow (waht a difficult job!) and aslo I have edited some of it, as even when typing slowly, I make mistakes.

Writing, syntactical cluttering

Man, 34 jr, MBO, 7:36 min

Writing, stuttering • Man, 36 jr, MBO, 1:50 min

Boy, 9;6 yrs, cluttering

Writing • Handwriting • Sentence structure

Speech rate Spontaneous Retelling Writing

Reading development Fonemic awareness Sound- letter-association Correct and fast reading Reading strategies Fluent reading Understanding reading

Monitoring Did I read what I wanted to read? necessary: • AC • Auditory skills • Lexicon ….

Heightened audition • Defstut / speech easy • AC => speech

DAF/FAF/AAF

R., cluttering-stuttering • Without auditory feedback:

• With auditory feedback (wispher phone): 5 minutes later without therapy

Cluttering and reading • • • • • • • •

Errors in or omission of small words Fast and/or irregulare rate Prosodic errors Telescoping /b/ - /d/ substitutions Guessed reading Error rate reduces in slow speech HAF positive effect

Stuttering and reading • Sound or word fear influences stuttering severity • Outside time limitations • Errors: type and number normal • Benefit from whispered or coral reading • Negative response to HAF