CLONES. 30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne, Switzerland

CLONES 30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne, Switzerland CLONING & PROGENY 30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 2 ETHICS AND CLON...
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CLONES 30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne, Switzerland

CLONING & PROGENY

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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ETHICS AND CLONING

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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FEI POSITION Ordinary General Assembly, Estoril 2007 “The competitive equestrian couple of horse and rider are both acknowledged as athletes by the FEI. The cloning of either with a view to competing at international level would be unacceptable to the FEI. The FEI opposes cloning for it goes against one of FEI’s basic objectives: to enable FEI athletes “to compete in international events under fair and even conditions.” 30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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CLONING WORLDWIDE Conservative estimate in 2010 >110 Riding and breeding Genetic preservation - Castrated males - Reproductive problems - Deceased (injury, disease) Stud book Registration Cryozootech, FRA 30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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WHAT IS CLONING? A genetic copy of a donor/ model animal •Harvesting of individual’s cells •Sourcing of donor egg/s from donor mare •Removal of genetic material from donor egg, before injecting model’s DNA into egg •Activation and implantation of recombined egg to recipient mare for normal gestation and birth 30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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ETHICS One Side

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

The Other Side

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GENETICS ORIGINAL

? Improvement OR

COPY 98% Identical

? Restriction

CLONING

DONOR  OOCYTE Original and clone Sperm is the same 30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

Oocyte of cloned mare is not the same 8

REGULATING & TESTING

How to identify clones/ progeny?

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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STUD BOOKS Association

Register Clones

Recorded in passport

Recorded in stud database

World Breeding Federation of Sports Horses (WBFSH)

Yes

Yes

Yes

Continental Studbook, USA

Yes

Sport Horse Breeding Association of GB

Yes

No

Yes

Danish Warmblood

Yes

Yes

Yes

Holsteiner Verbands

Yes

Yes

Yes

France (FRA) – general policy

No

N/A

N/A

Belgium Warmblood

Yes

Yes

Yes

Pure Bred Arab

No

N/A

N/A

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES Natural method

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

Assisted

Cloning

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EQUINE BREEDING Natural method

Assisted

Cloning

Other Assisted Reproductive techniques

WASTAGE TIME COST

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

> WASTAGE > TIME COST

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WELFARE Wastage Consequences ?????

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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PERFORMANCE COPY 98% Identical

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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FAIR PLAY

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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HORSE – RIDER RELATIONSHIP

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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ETHICS OF CLONES IN SPORT Clones ? ID – DNA, Passports

Another Selective Breeding technique, cost & time similar

Promote (genetic) excellence

No Clones Individuality of Horse

Risk of damaging Natural Progression gene pool

Genetic Preservation

??? Welfare, losses...

? Performance Effect Natural Progression (mitochondria)

Welfare ‘Myths’

98% Copy

Genetic Restriction

Perception/ Image of Sport

Improved gene pool

Business Investment

Risk to ‘traditional’ Breeding Industry

? ID – DNA, Passports

Other Reproductive techniques, e.g. Twin Embryos

Clones Exist

Elitism: Costs & time

Horse – Rider Relationship

Natural Progression

Environmental  Influences, Equitation

Fair Play

Welfare – unknown consequence

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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PROGENY IN SPORT • Not Clones • “Natural” / accepted breeding techniques • Normal random recombination of genes • No potential to effect fair play

OR • Are there innate concerns regarding the welfare of cloning?

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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CLONES & PROGENY • Technology developed • Clones exist • Horses with Passports • Registered

? VIEWS - Clones - Progeny

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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EQUINE CLONING PERSPECTIVES • FEI Position • Worldwide • Technique • Genetics • Identification • Breeding and Sports Regulators • Reproduction • Welfare • Fair play • Performance • Horse –rider relationship • Discussion 30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum

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DISCUSSION

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CLONING

THANK

YOU

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