Cisco Network Boot Installation and Configuration Guide Release 2.1
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Text Part Number: OL-2933-01
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Cisco Network Boot Installation and Configuration Guide Copyright © 2002, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
C O N T E N T S About This Guide Objectives Audience
v
v v
Related Documentation
viii
Obtaining Documentation viii World Wide Web viii Documentation CD-ROM ix Ordering Documentation ix Documentation Feedback ix Obtaining Technical Assistance ix Cisco.com x Technical Assistance Center x Cisco TAC Web Site x Cisco TAC Escalation Center
CHAPTER
1
Product Overview
1-1
Basic Description
1-1
Basic Network Structure Configuration Basics
2
1-2
1-3
Boot Sequence Overview
CHAPTER
1-4
Before Installing Cisco Network Boot Planning
2-1
Collecting Configuration Information 3
2-1
2-1
Requirements
CHAPTER
xi
2-3
Installing and Configuring for Cisco Network Boot Operation Prerequisite Tasks Configuration Tasks
3-1
3-1 3-2
Checking the Network Configuration
3-4
Creating a Master Boot Image 3-6 Installing the Operating System and Applications Installing the Cisco iSCSI Driver 3-6
3-6
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Contents
Configuring the Network Interface 3-6 Host with NIC That Is PXE Enabled 3-7 Host with NIC That Is Not PXE Enabled 3-7 Configuring iSCSI Targets for Replication
3-8
Setting Up the DHCP/TFTP Server 3-9 DHCP Server with Windows 2000 3-10 TFTP Server with Windows 2000 3-12 Replicating Boot Images 3-12 Installing the Network Boot Administration Utility 3-13 Creating a Partition 3-13 Replicating a Boot Image to an iSCSI Target 3-15 Completing the Replication Process 3-17 Configuring an IP Host to Boot from the Network
CHAPTER
4
Maintenance and Troubleshooting
4-1
Maintenance 4-1 Replacing a Host 4-1 Changing the Network Drivers
4-2
3-17
Troubleshooting 4-2 General Information 4-2 Example Displays for Cisco Network Boot 4-3 Error Messages 4-4 Cisco Network Boot and Host Errors 4-4 Network Errors 4-5 DHCP iSCSI Option Format Errors 4-6 Login Errors 4-7 iSCSI Target Errors 4-8 Replication Errors 4-9 GLOSSARY
INDEX
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About This Guide This preface describes the objectives, audience, organization and command syntax conventions of the Cisco Network Boot Installation and Configuration Guide. It also provides information on how to obtain related documentation and technical assistance.
Objectives This software configuration guide describes how to install and configure Cisco Network Boot so that a diskless system on a Cisco SN 5400 Series system network can boot. It does not describe every possible configuration but does describe those tasks commonly required to configure the software.
Note
This guide does not describe in detail how to set up and configure Cisco SN 5400 Series systems or Cisco iSCSI drivers. To set up the Cisco SN 5400 Series systems, refer to the Cisco SN 5400 Series system software configuration documentation.
Audience This guide is intended primarily for the following audiences: •
System administrators who are familiar with the specifics of Cisco storage routing products or the iSCSI protocol and know the fundamentals of internetworking and network storage devices.
•
System administrators who are responsible for configuring network storage equipment.
•
Support personnel with Microsoft Windows 2000 server and basic TCP/IP administration skills.
•
System administrators and support personnel with DHCP server skills.
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About This Guide Organization
Organization This guide contains the following chapters (Table 1): Table 1
Document Organization
Chapter
Title
Description
Chapter 1
Product Overview
Describes what you should understand prior to installing and configuring Cisco Network Boot.
Chapter 2
Before Installing Cisco Network Boot Describes what you need to do before you install and configure the Cisco Network Boot.
Chapter 3
Installing and Configuring for Cisco Network Boot Operation
Provides procedures for installing and configuring the iSCSI targets, the DHCP server, the Cisco SN 5400 Series system, and the hosts. In addition, it describes how to go through the replication process.
Chapter 4
Maintenance and Troubleshooting
Provides help in resolving problems.
Glossary
Glossary
Definition of terms.
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About This Guide Command Syntax Conventions
Command Syntax Conventions Table 2 describes the syntax used with the commands in this document. Table 2
Syntax Conventions
Convention
Description
boldface font
Indicates commands and keywords that you enter literally as shown.
italic font
Indicates arguments for which you supply values.
[x]
Square brackets indicate an optional element (keyword or argument).
{x}
Braces indicate a required element (keyword or argument).
{s | y | z}
Braces and vertical bars indicate a required choice of keywords or arguments, separated by the vertical bars within the braces.
[ x {y | z}]
Braces and vertical bars within square brackets indicate a required choice within an optional element.
/bits
The value entered for /bits specifies a network mask in classless interdomain routing (CIDR) style. That is, the value equals the number of bits in a network mask counting from the most significant side (left) of an IP address. For example, a /bits value of 24 is the equivalent of a network mask of 255.255.255.0. Similarly, a /bits value of 32 specifies using the entire IP address.
“user text”
Indicates that user text (a user-defined text string) that contains a space or spaces must be enclosed using double or single quotes. If single quotes or an apostrophe is used as part of the text string, enclose the string using double quotes. If double quotes are used as part of the text string, enclose the string using single quotes. For example, both “Pat’s storage router” and ‘number “2”’ are valid text string entries. Note
The question mark (?) character cannot be used as part of a text string.
screen font
Examples of information displayed on the screen.
boldface screen font
Examples of information you must enter.
Nonprinting characters, for example, passwords appear in angle brackets.
[
Default responses to system prompts appear in square brackets.
]
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About This Guide Related Documentation
Note
Caution
Timesaver
Means reader take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to additional information and material.
Means reader be careful. In this situation, you might do something that could result in equipment damage or loss of data.
Means the described action saves time. You can save time by performing the action described in the paragraph.
Related Documentation Refer to the following documents for additional information: •
Cisco SN 5420 Storage Router Hardware Installation Guide
•
Cisco SN 5428 Storage Router Hardware Installation Guide
•
Cisco SN 5420 Storage Router Software Installation Guide, release 2.1 or later
•
Cisco SN 5428 Storage Router Software Installation Guide, release 2.3 or later
•
Release Notes for the Cisco SN 5420 Storage Router, release 2.1.2 or later
•
Release Notes for the Cisco SN 5428 Storage Router, release 2.3.1 or later
•
Release Notes for Cisco iSCSI Drivers, version 2.2.1 or later, for Microsoft Windows 2000
•
Readme and example configuration files for Cisco iSCSI drivers
Obtaining Documentation These sections explain how to obtain documentation from Cisco Systems.
World Wide Web You can access the most current Cisco documentation on the World Wide Web at this URL: http://www.cisco.com Translated documentation is available at this URL: http://www.cisco.com/public/countries_languages.shtml
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About This Guide Obtaining Technical Assistance
Documentation CD-ROM Cisco documentation and additional literature are available in a Cisco Documentation CD-ROM package, which is shipped with your product. The Documentation CD-ROM is updated monthly and may be more current than printed documentation. The CD-ROM package is available as a single unit or through an annual subscription.
Ordering Documentation You can order Cisco documentation in these ways: •
Registered Cisco.com users (Cisco direct customers) can order Cisco product documentation from the Networking Products MarketPlace: http://www.cisco.com/cgi-bin/order/order_root.pl
•
Registered Cisco.com users can order the Documentation CD-ROM through the online Subscription Store: http://www.cisco.com/go/subscription
•
Nonregistered Cisco.com users can order documentation through a local account representative by calling Cisco Systems Corporate Headquarters (California, U.S.A.) at 408 526-7208 or, elsewhere in North America, by calling 800 553-NETS (6387).
Documentation Feedback You can submit comments electronically on Cisco.com. In the Cisco Documentation home page, click the Fax or Email option in the “Leave Feedback” section at the bottom of the page. You can e-mail your comments to
[email protected]. You can submit your comments by mail by using the response card behind the front cover of your document or by writing to the following address: Cisco Systems Attn: Document Resource Connection 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose, CA 95134-9883 We appreciate your comments.
Obtaining Technical Assistance Cisco provides Cisco.com as a starting point for all technical assistance. Customers and partners can obtain online documentation, troubleshooting tips, and sample configurations from online tools by using the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) Web Site. Cisco.com registered users have complete access to the technical support resources on the Cisco TAC Web Site.
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About This Guide Obtaining Technical Assistance
Cisco.com Cisco.com is the foundation of a suite of interactive, networked services that provides immediate, open access to Cisco information, networking solutions, services, programs, and resources at any time, from anywhere in the world. Cisco.com is a highly integrated Internet application and a powerful, easy-to-use tool that provides a broad range of features and services to help you with these tasks: •
Streamline business processes and improve productivity
•
Resolve technical issues with online support
•
Download and test software packages
•
Order Cisco learning materials and merchandise
•
Register for online skill assessment, training, and certification programs
If you want to obtain customized information and service, you can self-register on Cisco.com. To access Cisco.com, go to this URL: http://www.cisco.com
Technical Assistance Center The Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC) is available to all customers who need technical assistance with a Cisco product, technology, or solution. Two levels of support are available: the Cisco TAC Web Site and the Cisco TAC Escalation Center. Cisco TAC inquiries are categorized according to the urgency of the issue: •
Priority level 4 (P4)—You need information or assistance concerning Cisco product capabilities, product installation, or basic product configuration.
•
Priority level 3 (P3)—Your network performance is degraded. Network functionality is noticeably impaired, but most business operations continue.
•
Priority level 2 (P2)—Your production network is severely degraded, affecting significant aspects of business operations. No workaround is available.
•
Priority level 1 (P1)—Your production network is down, and a critical impact to business operations will occur if service is not restored quickly. No workaround is available.
The Cisco TAC resource that you choose is based on the priority of the problem and the conditions of service contracts, when applicable.
Cisco TAC Web Site You can use the Cisco TAC Web Site to resolve P3 and P4 issues yourself, saving both cost and time. The site provides around-the-clock access to online tools, knowledge bases, and software. To access the Cisco TAC Web Site, go to this URL: http://www.cisco.com/tac All customers, partners, and resellers who have a valid Cisco service contract have complete access to the technical support resources on the Cisco TAC Web Site. The Cisco TAC Web Site requires a Cisco.com login ID and password. If you have a valid service contract but do not have a login ID or password, go to this URL to register: http://www.cisco.com/register/
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About This Guide Obtaining Technical Assistance
If you are a Cisco.com registered user, and you cannot resolve your technical issues by using the Cisco TAC Web Site, you can open a case online by using the TAC Case Open tool at this URL: http://www.cisco.com/tac/caseopen If you have Internet access, we recommend that you open P3 and P4 cases through the Cisco TAC Web Site.
Cisco TAC Escalation Center The Cisco TAC Escalation Center addresses priority level 1 or priority level 2 issues. These classifications are assigned when severe network degradation significantly impacts business operations. When you contact the TAC Escalation Center with a P1 or P2 problem, a Cisco TAC engineer automatically opens a case. To obtain a directory of toll-free Cisco TAC telephone numbers for your country, go to this URL: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/687/Directory/DirTAC.shtml Before calling, please check with your network operations center to determine the level of Cisco support services to which your company is entitled: for example, SMARTnet, SMARTnet Onsite, or Network Supported Accounts (NSA). When you call the center, please have available your service agreement number and your product serial number.
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About This Guide Obtaining Technical Assistance
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C H A P T E R
1
Product Overview This chapter is the starting point for installing and using the Cisco Network Boot product. The chapter provides some very basic information to help you understand its operation. It contains the following topics: •
Basic Description, page 1-1
•
Basic Network Structure, page 1-2
•
Configuration Basics, page 1-3
•
Boot Sequence Overview, page 1-4
Basic Description Cisco Network Boot is a product that allows you to initiate a boot of Windows 2000 Server or Advanced Server on a computer without an attached disk drive. With Cisco Network Boot, a computer without a directly attached disk drive uses iSCSI protocol via an iSCSI driver to boot from an iSCSI disk through an IP network and a Cisco SN 5400 Series system (see Figure 1-1). As with any iSCSI disk, even though it is not directly attached to the computer accessing it, the disk appears to the computer as if it were directly attached.
Note
The iSCSI protocol is an IETF-defined protocol for IP storage (ips). For more information about the iSCSI protocol, refer to the IETF standards for IP storage at http://www.ietf.org. Figure 1-1
Cisco Network Boot Overview
Computers without disks directly attached
Cisco SN 5400 Series system
Disks
IP
A computer boots from a disk through an IP network and a Cisco SN 5400 Series system.
79826
Boot images
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Chapter 1
Product Overview
Basic Network Structure
The Cisco Network Boot product package is a zip program, called netboot-2.1.1.zip, which consists of two components:
Note
•
inbp.com—A file downloaded via TFTP by the IP host that initiates a boot. The Cisco Network Boot runs as a Network Bootstrap Program (NBP) in the Preboot Execution Environment (PXE).
•
setup.exe—A file that sets up the Network Boot Administration utility. You use the Network Boot Administration utility when you replicate a boot image.
The Preboot Execution Environment (PXE) is part of a set of industry-standard specifications that defines a uniform set of preboot services for network-based booting. For more information about PXE, refer to the Wired for Management (WfM) specifications at http://www.intel.com/labs/manage/wfm.
Basic Network Structure To use Cisco Network Boot, you will need a network that consists of the following elements: •
IP hosts with network interface cards (NICs) that have PXE capability
•
Cisco SN 5400 Series system
•
DHCP/TFTP server
•
Storage attached to a Cisco SN 5400 Series system
•
Storage directly attached to one of the IP hosts (master boot host)
Figure 1-2 shows the structure of a basic network that employs Cisco Network Boot. Table 1-1 describes each element. Figure 1-2
Basic Network Structure
DHCP/TFTP server
FC storage devices mapped as iSCSI targets and LUNs
IP hosts Directly attached disk drive
Master boot host Cisco SN 5400 Series system IP
79520
host
host
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Table 1-1
Basic Network Components
Component
Description
IP hosts
Each host uses Cisco Network Boot to boot from an iSCSI target in a Cisco SN 5400 Series system. Each IP host requires an iSCSI target with a boot image for that host.
Cisco SN 5400 Series system
The Cisco SN 5400 Series system provides iSCSI targets for IP hosts.
DHCP/TFTP server
A host that provides both a DHCP server and a TFTP server is required for the IP hosts to boot using Cisco Network Boot.
Storage attached to the Cisco SN 5400 Series system
Provides physical storage that IP hosts access through the Cisco SN 5400 Series system.
Storage directly attached to one IP A disk drive that is directly attached to an IP host is required to host create a master boot image. A master boot image is required for replicating a boot drive image for each IP host. Note
The disk that is directly attached to a host is required only to create a master boot image. Once the master boot image is created, the host no longer needs that disk to boot.
Configuration Basics To use the Cisco Network Boot, you will need to perform the following configuration tasks: •
LAN configuration—Make the network connections and configure the Cisco switches.
•
Configure a Cisco SN 5400 Series system—Specify iSCSI targets for the hosts.
•
Configure a DHCP/TFTP server—For each host, specify parameters for booting over a network.
•
Create a master boot image—Install Microsoft Windows 2000 Server or Advanced Server, Cisco iSCSI drivers, and applications on a directly attached disk on the master boot host from which the master boot image can be replicated.
•
Replicate the master boot image and other boot images—Replicate the master boot image on the master boot host and other boot images for each host, based on a master boot image. One iSCSI target is required for each replicated boot image. In addition, an iSCSI target may be used to save the master boot image, allowing the directly attached disk to then be removed.
•
Configure the IP hosts to boot from the network.
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Chapter 1
Product Overview
Boot Sequence Overview
Boot Sequence Overview After the configuration tasks have been completed, an IP host can boot using Cisco Network Boot. The following steps describe the boot sequence a computer would follow using the Cisco Network Boot: Step 1
The host requests boot information from the DHCP server.
Step 2
The DHCP server returns boot information, which includes: •
IP address that the host should use
•
Host name
•
Default router
•
IP address of the TFTP server
•
File name of Cisco Network Boot (inbp.com)
Step 3
The host downloads the inbp.com file from the TFTP server.
Step 4
The host runs the inbp.com file. The inbp.com file boots the host from a boot image that is accessed through the iSCSI target for that host.
Step 5
The operating system starts and the computer is ready to run its applications.
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C H A P T E R
2
Before Installing Cisco Network Boot This chapter describes what you need to do before you install and configure Cisco Network Boot. This chapter contains the following sections: •
Planning, page 2-1
•
Requirements, page 2-1
•
Collecting Configuration Information, page 2-3
Planning Before setting up Cisco Network Boot, some planning is necessary. After determining the number of hosts to be booted, the following should be checked: •
Each host is allocated at least one logical unit on its own iSCSI target. Each of these logical units must map to its own Fibre Channel logical unit via the Cisco SN 5400 Series system.
•
The Cisco SN 5400 Series system, the Fibre channel storage devices, and the IP network are set up correctly.
•
Security (both for the Fibre Channel and the IP network) is adequate for the environment.
Requirements See the following table for the requirements for the hosts, the DHCP/TFTP server, the iSCSI targets, and the network equipment.
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Before Installing Cisco Network Boot
Requirements
Table 2-1
Requirements
Item
Requirements
Master boot host
•
IBM PC-compatible computer with an Intel Pentium III or higher processor.
•
Support for PXE 2.1 or later.
•
A network interface supported by PXE.
•
A directly attached disk drive in the master boot host.
•
Microsoft Windows 2000 Server or Advanced Server with Service Pack 3.
•
Cisco iSCSI Driver Version 2.2.1 (or later) for Microsoft Windows 2000
Note
Other hosts
•
IBM PC-compatible computer with an Intel Pentium III or higher processor.
•
Support for PXE 2.1 or later.
•
A network interface supported by PXE.
Note
DHCP/TFTP server
iSCSI targets
Network equipment
Note
Only the Cisco iSCSI Driver Version 2.2.1 (or later) for Microsoft Windows 2000 is supported with this version of Cisco Network Boot.
Other host hardware must be identical to the master boot host hardware and must have identical network hardware and connections.
•
A DHCP server configured with reserved IP addresses for each host.
•
A TFTP server to transfer the inbp.com file to the host.
•
Microsoft Windows 2000 Server (or Advanced Server)
•
iSCSI targets configured on either a Cisco SN 5420 running software release 2.1.2 or later, or a Cisco SN 5428 running software release 2.3.1 or later.
•
A suitable storage device (JBOD or storage array) with sufficient space to hold the boot image. Storage arrays are recommended over JBODs when configuring boot disks for the iSCSI target because they provide redundancy and are more flexible.
•
The iSCSI target block size must be 512 bytes.
•
Ethernet switch or hub
•
Cisco SN 5400 Series system
•
Fibre Channel interface
Refer to the Cisco.com website (http://www.cisco.com) for interoperability information.
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Chapter 2
Before Installing Cisco Network Boot Collecting Configuration Information
Collecting Configuration Information Use the configuration worksheets to help gather the system information that is needed when you go through the configuration process. The values in these worksheets are based on information requested in the process in Chapter 3, “Installing and Configuring for Cisco Network Boot Operation”. Refer to the following for information on the configuration values needed for your configuration. •
Table 2-2, Configuration Worksheet—Host
•
Table 2-3, Configuration Worksheet—Cisco 5400 Series System and iSCSI Targets
•
Table 2-4, Configuration Worksheet—DHCP/TFTP Server
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Collecting Configuration Information
Table 2-2
Configuration Worksheet—Host
Configuration Item
Description
Host name
Name of the host. Note
NIC IP address
The host name is also referred to as the destination computer name when replicating with the Network Boot Administration utility.
IP address of the NIC Note
NIC type
Value
This IP address can also be referred to as either the source IP address or the destination IP address when replicating with the Network Boot Administration utility.
See your NIC documentation. Note
NIC interface
The NIC type of all hosts must be identical to the master boot host.
See your NIC documentation. Note
The NIC interface of all hosts must be identical to the master boot host.
TCP/IP properties
See your TCP/IP documentation.
Boot image
List the operating system, iSCSI driver, software and applications you will be including in the boot image.
Tip
Make a copy of this worksheet for each host that you will configure.
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Before Installing Cisco Network Boot Collecting Configuration Information
Table 2-3
Configuration Worksheet—Cisco 5400 Series System and iSCSI Targets
Configuration Item
Description
Value
SCSI routing instance name
Name of the SCSI routing instance on the Cisco 5400 Series system. You enter this name in the following CLI command on the Cisco 5400 Series system: show scsirouter bootrtr
where bootrtr is the name of the SCSI routing instance as an example. SCSI routing instance IP address
IP address assigned to the SCSI routing instance on the Cisco 5400 Series system.
Target name
The name of an iSCSI target mapped to a host.
LUN
The LUN number of an iSCSI target mapped to a host. The LUN numbers in each target must be numbered sequentially, starting with LUN 0. Note
The boot image must always be LUN 0.
Access list name
Name of the access list in the Cisco 5400 Series system.
Host IP address
IP address of each host for each access list and of the NIC connected to the storage router.
Host masks
Net mask of the host for each access list.
Other configuration information for setting up a router in the Cisco SN 5400 System series
See “Collecting Configuration Information,” in the documentation for the Cisco SN 5400 Series system.
Tip
Make a copy of this worksheet for each host that you will configure.
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Collecting Configuration Information
Table 2-4
Configuration Worksheet—DHCP/TFTP Server
Configuration Item
Description
Reservation name/host
A unique name for the reservation name of the host, for example, HERMES_master.
Host IP address
IP address of the host. This address must match the address set in the SN 5400 Series system access list.
Value
This address could also be the source IP address or the destination IP address when you are using the Network Boot Administration utility. MAC address
A 6-byte hex address of the NIC in a host with PXE support enabled. You can get this address from the NIC documentation or by booting the host and having PXE display the address. Also, you can use the following command in a Command Prompt window in Microsoft Windows 2000: ipconfig /all
Description
A place to describe the host.
SCSI routing instance IP address
IP address of the SCSI routing instance you configured on the 5400 Series system.
iSCSI port number
3260 is the default for this port number, which is assigned by Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA). Unless you’ve changed the port on the Cisco 5400 Series system, use port 3260.
Target name
The name of an iSCSI target mapped to a host. You configure this target name when you configure the iSCSI target on the 5400 Series system.
LUN
The LUN number of an iSCSI target mapped to a host. The LUN numbers in each target must be numbered sequentially, starting with LUN 0. Note
Tip
The boot image must always be LUN 0.
Make a copy of this worksheet for each host that you will configure.
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C H A P T E R
3
Installing and Configuring for Cisco Network Boot Operation This chapter explains how to install and configure the software needed to implement Cisco Network Boot software. When going through this process for the first time, you will be performing the steps to create a master boot image on a master boot host. Once the master boot image is created, it is replicated to the iSCSI targets. This chapter contains the following topics. •
Prerequisite Tasks, page 3-1
•
Configuration Tasks, page 3-2
•
Checking the Network Configuration, page 3-4
•
Creating a Master Boot Image, page 3-6
•
Configuring iSCSI Targets for Replication, page 3-8
•
Setting Up the DHCP/TFTP Server, page 3-9
•
Replicating Boot Images, page 3-12
•
Configuring an IP Host to Boot from the Network, page 3-17
Prerequisite Tasks Before installing and configuring the components for the iSCSI Network Boot Program, you should have performed the following tasks: •
Planned for the setup of all hardware, software, and network equipment.
•
Collected all configuration information for the Cisco 5400 Series system, the iSCSI targets, the DHCP/TFTP server, and the hosts. See Collecting Configuration Information, page 2-3.
•
Located the most current Cisco iSCSI driver, readme files, and example configuration files from Cisco.com. In addition, information about driver compatibility and other relevant driver information is on Cisco.com.
•
Located the latest release of Cisco Network Boot from Cisco.com.
•
Studied the examples in Figure 3-1 and Figure 3-2 in this chapter. These examples are helpful when you configure access lists with IP addresses and iSCSI targets in a SCSI routing instance.
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Configuration Tasks
Note
The SCSI routing instance in all examples is named bootrtr.
Configuration Tasks To configure for Cisco Network Boot, perform the following steps: Step 1
Check the network configuration.
Step 2
Create a master boot image.
Step 3
Set up the storage router.
Step 4
Configure at least one iSCSI target.
Step 5
Set up the DHCP/TFTP server.
Step 6
Replicate the boot image to the iSCSI targets.
Step 7
Configure the IP hosts to boot from the network.
Figure 3-1 illustrates example addresses used in this chapter. Figure 3-2 illustrates SCSI routing parameters in an example configuration. The parameters are also used in the examples in this chapter. Figure 3-1
Example - IP Addresses
DHCP/TFTP server IP hosts Directly attached disk drive
Master boot host IP: 10.2.50.49
IP: 10.2.50.18
FC storage devices mapped as iSCSI targets and LUNs
Cisco SN 5428 IP
host IP: 10.2.50.47
IP: 10.2.50.102
79828
host IP: 10.2.50.48
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Figure 3-2
Example - Routing Parameters in a Configuration
Access list Name: boot_HERMES IP / Mask: 10.2.52.49 / 255.255.255.255
iSCSI targets For SCSI routing instance: bootrtr iSCSI HERMES_master, LUN 0 mapped to iqn.1987.com.cisco 00.04aeccb6d6099d06325 595df2480730oc.masterbootdisk
Cisco SN 5428 configured for SCSI routing with authorization enabled Server interface For SCSI routing instance: bootrtr Name: ge2 IP :10.2.50.102
FC interfaces
Contains an FC storage device mapped as an iSCSI target Target name iqn.1987-05. com.cisco 00.04aeccb6d6099d06325 595df2480730oc.masterbootdisk LUN 0 (target)
Other Hosts
DHCP/TFTP Server
IP: 10.2.50.46 through 10.2.50.40 Various MAC addresses IP: 10.2.50.18 MAC: 00:02:ab:54:29:89
Host IP
Host
Host
IP: 10.2.50.49 MAC: 00:04:56:ac:71:29 NAME: HERMES_master
IP: 10.2.50.48 MAC: 00:06:bd:23:14:11 NAME: HOMER
79742
IP: 10.2.50.47 MAC: 00:08:ad:23:14:18 NAME: HORATIO
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Checking the Network Configuration
Checking the Network Configuration Checking the network configuration consists of the tasks for checking the LAN items, checking that the NIC with PXE enabled are connected, and setting the Cisco switches. When you set up the LAN for the Cisco Network Boot operation, perform the following steps: Step 1
Make sure you have checked or included the items in Table 3-1 on page 3-5.
Step 2
Ensure the NICs with PXE enabled are connected to the Cisco SN 5400 Series system and the DHCP server via the IP Ethernet connection.
Step 3
Verify that the Cisco switches work with DHCP. Following are an example of a switch CLI command and an example of how to configure the switches. To check the DHCP settings, enter this command at the > enable prompt: #show dhcp server
To set the DHCP server IP address, enter these commands at the > enable prompt: #configure terminal #ip dhcp-server A.B.C.D
Step 4
Verify that the Cisco switches on the gigabit Ethernet or the 10/100 Ethernet ports are set to initialize quickly. Following are examples of the commands to configure these switches. To set the portfast option for interface #1, enter these commands for each port at the > enable prompt: #configure terminal #interface GigabitEthernet 0/1 #spanning-tree portfast
To set the switches for interface #2, you need to exit out of the current interface settings first. Enter these commands at the > enable prompt: #exit #interface GigabitEthernet 0/2 #spanning-tree portfast
Caution
Spantree portfast start should only be enabled on ports connected to a single host. Connecting hubs, concentrators, switches, bridges, and so on, to a fast start port can cause temporary spanning tree loops.
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Table 3-1
Network Configuration Items
Item
Description
Gigabit Ethernet or 10/100 configuration You need a Gigabit Ethernet or 10/100 configuration for the IP Ethernet connection that connects the DHCP/TFTP server, the hosts, and the Cisco 5400 Series system. Each host requires a 10/100, 10/100/1000, or Gigabit Ethernet port capable of PXE that has access to the DHCP/TFTP server and the Cisco 5400 Series system. This port can be an onboard Ethernet port or provided as a NIC. VLANs
If these exist, make sure you check that all VLAN configurations are correct. VLANS are another way to manage multiple network segments. For example, if you are on a VLAN 20 and the DHCP server is on VLAN 40, then you need to make sure you have routing between the VLANs and a DHCP helper address.
DHCP helper address
DHCP helper address helps a host locate a DHCP server if the DHCP server is on a different network (segment) than the host. Cisco switches based on Router IOS and routers need a DHCP helper address.
Spantree portfast
If you are using Cisco devices, you need a Cisco version of the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP), a loop-prevention protocol.
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Creating a Master Boot Image
Creating a Master Boot Image Creating a master boot image consists of tasks for installing the operating system and applications, installing the iSCSI driver, and configuring the network interface.
Installing the Operating System and Applications Step 1
Install Microsoft Windows 2000 Server or Advanced Server on the master boot host.
Step 2
Install all other applications that will be on the master boot image.
Installing the Cisco iSCSI Driver To install the Cisco iSCSI driver for Microsoft Windows 2000 into the master boot host, perform the following steps: Step 1
Download the most current Cisco iSCSI driver.
Step 2
Install and configure the Cisco iSCSI driver using the Cisco iSCSI driver readme file.
Step 3
Enter the IP address associated with the SCSI routing instance.
Step 4
Click the Early Boot button if the boot type does not say Early.
Step 5
Click Add > Save.
.
Configuring the Network Interface Configuring the network interface consists of the tasks for assigning the IP address. Keep in mind the following when assigning the IP address: •
Network interfaces attached to the hosts that are connected to DHCP and to iSCSI targets in the Cisco SN 5400 Series system network via the IP Ethernet must have the PXE program enabled.
•
Network interfaces that are attached to the host, but connected to another network, do not have PXE enabled.
•
When you assign an IP address to the NIC that is PXE enabled, you need to make sure it is the same address as the DHCP IP address. See Table 3-3 on page 3-11.
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Host with NIC That Is PXE Enabled To assign an IP address for a NIC that is PXE enabled, use your NIC documentation to perform the following tasks: Step 1
Click Start > Settings > Network and Dialup Connections > Local Area Connection. Choose the local area connection with a NIC with PXE enabled.
Step 2
Configure the TCP/IP properties. Figure 3-3
Example - TCP/IP Properties
Step 3
Check the setting in the Use the following IP address field.
Step 4
Assign the IP address used from the DHCP configuration.
Caution
Do not change the static IP address to a DHCP address. Doing so might result in loss of data.
Host with NIC That Is Not PXE Enabled Obtaining an IP address automatically using DHCP prevents each system from being configured with the same IP addresses after replication. Each system would then need to be booted individually and manually configured to have another IP address. This way, using DHCP for setting the IP addresses creates less administrative work.
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Configuring iSCSI Targets for Replication
To assign an IP address for a NIC that is not PXE enabled, use your NIC documentation to perform the following tasks: Step 1
Click Start > Settings > Network and Dialup Connections > Local Area Connection. Choose the local area connection with the PXE program not enabled.
Step 2
Configure the TCP/IP properties.
Step 3
Check the setting in the Obtain an IP address automatically field.
Note
The NIC type and interface number selected for the booting process must be the same on all hosts.
Configuring iSCSI Targets for Replication Configuring an iSCSI target consists of the tasks for configuring an iSCSI target to create a boot image and configuring iSCSI targets for the replicated images. Before you configure an iSCSI target, keep the following in mind: •
The first disk mapped to an iSCSI target must be LUN 0. This device is used as the boot disk. All other disks mapped to this iSCSI target should be numbered sequentially, such as LUN 1, LUN 2, LUN 3.
•
When configuring the iSCSI target to create volumes (logical or virtual devices), you must make each boot image no smaller than the size of the files on the directly attached disk on the master boot host plus 10%. If a larger swap space is needed, the boot image needs to be larger.
•
Initially, you need to set up only one iSCSI target for use with the first boot host. When you configure each of the other iSCSI targets, you can do it immediately after you configure the first iSCSI target or you can do it later when you go through the process to replicate a boot image for each iSCSI target.
To configure the iSCSI target for replication, perform the following steps: Step 1
Install and configure the Cisco SN 5400 Series system if it is not already set up. Refer to the appropriate Cisco SN 5400 Series system configuration guide.
Step 2
Make sure the iSCSI target and the access list are configured so that the master boot host can access the iSCSI target. Initially every iSCSI target should be accessible by the master boot host. Once you complete the replication process, only each host can have access to and be mapped to an iSCSI target. At the end of the replication process, you need to adjust the access lists and the iSCSI targets in the SCSI routing instance so that only each host can access its own iSCSI target.
Caution
Only one host is allowed to access an iSCSI target at any time. If more than one host has access, a data loss may occur. Each host to which an access list corresponds should be powered down when you make changes to that access list for the iSCSI target.
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Step 3
Configure an iSCSI target for the master boot host by adding or configuring information. See Table 3-2 for some example information that also appears in Figure 3-2 on page 3-3.
Step 4
Configure the access list to include the IP address of the master boot host.
Note Step 5
You can configure access lists for the other hosts now or later. Note the target name. One way you can access the target name is by entering a CLI command on the Cisco 5400 Series system as shown in the following example: show scsirouter bootrtr
where bootrtr is the name of the SCSI routing instance. You will use the target name later when setting up the DHCP server.
Table 3-2
Example: iSCSI Target Configuration
Example
Description
bootrtr
Name of SCSI routing instance
10.2.50.102
IP address of the SCSI routing instance Note
This is not the management address.
0
LUN for iSCSI target that will be mapped to the host. This LUN must be zero.
iqn.1987-05.com.cisco.00.0aeccb6d6099d0b325 595df2480730cc.masterbootdisk
Name of the iSCSI target
Setting Up the DHCP/TFTP Server Setting up the DHCP/TFTP server consists of tasks for creating a scope, a reservation, and configuration options for the host. The DHCP/TFTP server contains two separate servers: the DHCP server and the TFTP server. Both servers must reside on the same host computer. You can find more information about the installation of DHCP by referring to the DHCP documentation for your DHCP server.
Note
You can configure the DHCP server for the master boot host and the other hosts or you can configure the other hosts later or before you use them.
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Setting Up the DHCP/TFTP Server
DHCP Server with Windows 2000 To set up the DHCP server, perform the following steps: Step 1
Install the appropriate service pack and hotfixes.
Step 2
In Windows, choose Start > Programs > Administrative Tools > DHCP to go to DHCP.
Step 3
From the Action menu, choose Add server.
Step 4
Create a scope by specifying scope options for your configuration. See your DHCP documentation.
Step 5
Right-click Reservations under Scope and select New Reservation. Add the information for each of the following options: •
Reservation name (also the host name)
•
IP address
•
MAC address
•
Description
See Table 3-3 for a description and sample for each option.
Note
Each reservation name must be different.
Step 6
If you are adding more hosts to the network, click Add. Go to step 6. Repeat for each host you will be adding to the network. Click Close when you have completed creating reservations for all systems.
Step 7
From the Reservations menu, select Master and right-click to view Configuration Options.
Step 8
Check and add the scope and reservation options. Add the following information for each of the options: Scope (This is done for each LAN.) •
043 - vendor-specific options
•
067- bootfile name
Reservation (This is done for each host.) •
012 - host name
•
017 - root file
See Table 3-4 and Table 3-5 for a sample of each option. Step 9
Save these options.
Step 10
Exit DHCP.
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Table 3-3
New Reservation Options
Option
Description
Sample Entry
Reservation name
Name of the host.
HERMES_master
IP Address
The IP address of the host. This address should match the address set in the SN 542x access list.
10.2.50.49
MAC address
A 6-byte hex address of the NIC in the master boot host with PXE enabled. You can get this address from the system documentation or by booting the system with PXE enabled, which will display the address.
00:04:56:AC:71:29
Also, you can use the following command in a command prompt window on the host: ipconfig /all Description
Table 3-4
Description of the reservation name.
iSCSI boot master
Configuration Options—Scope
Option
Description
Sample Entry
043
Vendor-specific information
This should be set to 03 06 01 03. (Ignore any other PXE servers.)
067
Bootfile name
bootrtr.com
Table 3-5
Configuration Options—Reservation
Option
Description
Sample Entry
012
Host name
HERMES_master
017
Root path to the name of the iSCSI target. iscsi:10.2.50.102:tcp:3260:0: When you load the inbp.com file on to the iqn.1987-05.com.cisco. 00xxxxxxxxxxxxxmasterbootdisk master boot host, the root path to the iSCSI See Table 3-6 for a description of each element target is also loaded. in this root path.
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Table 3-6
Root Path Elements
Element
Description
iscsi
Required prefix.
10.2.50.102
Address of the SCSI routing instance configured in an earlier step. Note
This is the IP address of the SCSI router; it is not the management address.
tcp or 6
Specifies that tcp is used.
3260
iSCSI port number. 3260 is the default, which is assigned by IANA.
0
LUN to use (zero).
iqn.1987-05.com.cisco.00.0aeccb6d6099d0b325 595df2480730cc.masterbootdisk
iSCSI target name. You can get the iSCSI target name using the scsirouter CLI command. See Configuring iSCSI Targets for Replication, page 3-8.
TFTP Server with Windows 2000 To set up the TFTP server, perform the following steps: Step 1
Install the TFTP server by installing the remote Installation services. Do not configure the remote Installation services at any time.
Step 2
Create the following directory, if not present, by entering: c:\tftpdroot
Step 3
Copy the inbp.com file from Cisco.com into the c:\tftpdroot directory. You can find the inbp.com file in the Cisco Network Boot package called netboot-2.1.1.zip from Cisco.com.
Step 4
Click Start > Programs > Administrative Tools > Services.
Step 5
Double-click Trivial FTP Daemon service.
Step 6
Ensure that the status displays Started. If it does not display Started, click Start and set Startup Type to Automatic.
Replicating Boot Images Replicating boot images consists of the tasks for installing the Network Boot Administration utility, creating a partition on your iSCSI target, replicating the master boot image, replicating other boot images, and completing the replication process. The Network Boot Administration utility is a component in Cisco Network Boot that allows you to perform Cisco Network Boot administrative tasks, including boot image replication.
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Note
Since the boot disks were configured as iSCSI target/LUN 0, the number of devices that can be replicated is limited to 8. After replication, the configuration for the Cisco 5400 Series system must be adjusted to allow access to another 8 boot disks, and so on, until all the boot disks are replicated. Alternatively, for replication, only the boot disks can be LUNs 0-n. If this is done, be sure to reconfigure back to LUN 0 after replication.
Installing the Network Boot Administration Utility To install the Network Boot Administration utility, perform the following tasks: Step 1
To install the utility, locate the zip package called netboot-2.1.1.zip at Cisco.com, unzip the package, and double-click setup.exe.
Step 2
The Network Boot Administration Wizard appears. Click Next and read the license agreement and the readme file. Click Yes then Next.
Step 3
Fill in the Customer Information and click Next.
Step 4
Choose the Destination Location and click Next.
Step 5
Once the wizard has completed the installation, click Finish.
Creating a Partition To create a partition, perform the following tasks: Step 1
Click Start > Programs > Cisco Storage Networking > Network Boot Administration.
Step 2
In the netboot window, choose Disk Management. A window showing disks with partitions appears. (See Figure 3-4.)
Step 3
Right-click an unallocated region of a basic disk and click Create Partition....
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Figure 3-4
Disk Management Window
Step 4
In the Create Partition wizard, click Next.
Step 5
In the Select Partition Type window, select Primary Partition > Next.
Step 6
In the Specify Partition Size window, fill in Amount of disk space to use and click Next. Estimate the size to be at least 10% more than the size of the used space on the source volume. If a larger swap space is needed, the boot image needs to be larger.
Step 7
In the Assign Drive letter or path window, choose Assign a drive letter, choose or enter a drive letter, and click Next.
Step 8
In the Format Partition window, choose Format this partition > Perform quick format and click Next > Finish.
Step 9
When the formatting process is complete, the partition displays the name of the new volume, the size, and the term, healthy. (See Figure 3-5.) Right-click the partition and select Mark Partition Active.
Step 10
Once you mark the partition active, the name New Volume and the term, healthy (active), appears. (See Figure 3-5.)
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Figure 3-5
Healthy/Active Volume
Replicating a Boot Image to an iSCSI Target To replicate a boot image, perform the following tasks: Step 1
Choose Source Volumes.
Step 2
Click the volume drive letter from Source Volumes (where you want to copy from). The source can come from one of two different places:
Step 3
•
Directly attached disk drive on a master boot host where the master boot image is located.
•
A volume that was created using the replication process directly from the master boot image.
A Destination Volumes window appears with the other drives that can be chosen as a destination. Choose the volume drive letter to where you want to copy. In the example, the source volume C is copied to the destination volume E. (See Figure 3-6.)
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Figure 3-6
Destinations Window
Step 4
Click Replicate Boot Volume.
Step 5
Confirm the data on the Confirm Replication of Volume screen and click Next.
Step 6
Fill in the following information:
Value
Description
Example - 1st Time Example - 2nd Time
Source IP address
IP address of the host that contains the boot image. It must be the IP address of the NIC with PXE enabled. See the Configuration Worksheet DHCP/TFTP Server, Table 2-4 on page 2-6.
1.2.50.49
1.2.50.49
Destination IP address
IP address of the host that receives the boot image. It must be the IP address of the NIC with PXE enabled. See the Configuration Worksheet DHCP/TFTP Server, Table 2-4 on page 2-6.
1.2.50.49 (same)
1.2.50.48 (different)
Destination computer name
The name of the host designated as the destination computer. See the Configuration Worksheet DHCP/TFTP Server, Table 2-4 on page 2-6
HERMES_master
HOMER
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Note
Examples are shown for the first and second time (and any other time after the first time) you run the replication process. The first time you run the replication process, the source IP address and the destination IP address and computer name must match to create a boot disk for the master boot image. When you run the process the second time (and any other time after the first time), the source IP address remains the same and the destination IP address and computer name must change to be the next replication for other hosts.
Step 7
Click Next.
Step 8
Confirm the details and click Next.
Step 9
Once the progress bar showing the replication process has completed normally, click Finish.
Step 10
For all other iSCSI targets, create a partition and begin with Step 1 in this procedure to replicate the additional boot images.
Completing the Replication Process To complete the replication process, perform the following tasks: Step 1
When you have replicated all boot images, shut down the computer.
Step 2
When the system is down, remove the directly attached disk drive from the master boot host, if desired.
Step 3
Establish a management session with the Cisco SN 5400 Series system.
Step 4
Modify the access list so that each host can access only its iSCSI target.
Caution
Failing to properly configure access lists can lead to data corruption. Refer to the appropriate Cisco software configuration guide for the Cisco SN 5400 Series system for further information about modifying access lists.
Configuring an IP Host to Boot from the Network Configuring an IP host to boot from the network consists of the tasks for ensuring that Cisco Network Boot is enabled for the appropriate NIC, changing the boot order, saving the order and observing indicators to ensure Cisco Network Boot is running.
Note
If you haven’t completed setting up the hosts on the DHCP/TFTP server, do so at this time. To configure IP host to boot from the network, perform the following steps:
Step 1
Boot the host.
Step 2
Press F2 or use the configured system method of accessing the System Setup for your host.
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Configuring an IP Host to Boot from the Network
Step 3
Ensure PXE support is enabled for the NIC that was configured earlier in DHCP.
Step 4
Change the boot order to Boot from the network first.
Step 5
Press F10 or the host’s method of saving the System Setup options. After you have pressed F10, the booting continues
Step 6
Observe the following indicators to ensure that Cisco Network Boot is running and accessing the DHCP server properly: •
The IP addresses, submasks, default gateways displayed on the hosts should match those configured in the DHCP server.
•
When inbp.com is downloaded by TFTP and starts, many messages should appear on the screen. Check for a message that shows version information, such as: Cisco Network Boot version 2.1.1
•
Check for a line that displays LUN 0 and FC storage device information (See Table 3-7), such as: iSCSI LUN: 0000 Seagate ST318452 00023CV08080
•
Note
Microsoft Windows 2000 Server or Advanced Server boots correctly.
When you see a light flashing on the storage array on some systems, this indicates that the host is communicating with the storage.
Table 3-7
Description of Line
Example
Description
iSCSI LUN
Line introduction
0000
LUN number of the iSCSI target that was found
Seagate
Manufacturer of the storage device
ST318452
Model number of the storage device
00023CV08080
Serial number of the storage device
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4
Maintenance and Troubleshooting This chapter explains how to perform maintenance and how to troubleshoot if Cisco Network Boot does not work as it should. The troubleshooting section includes a normal display on Cisco Network Boot and error messages you might encounter when installing and configuring Cisco Network Boot. It also includes explanations of the error messages and actions you can take to resolve the messages.
Note
If you need to call Cisco TAC, they may ask you to produce a log file. Log files are created for each replication. The file name is ciscoopX.log (where X is the volume letter of the replication destination). This log file provides insight on the failure and is created in the install directory of the Network Boot Management utility. This chapter contains the following topics: •
Maintenance, page 4-1
•
Troubleshooting, page 4-2
Maintenance Maintenance consists of tasks for replacing a host and changing the network.
Replacing a Host Note
The replacement host must have the same NIC and interface number as the original host. If it does not, the boot will fail. To replace a host, perform the following steps:
Step 1
Record the Ethernet MAC address of the NIC to be used for storage access.
Step 2
Modify the reservation in the DCHP server with the MAC address.
Step 3
Boot the host.
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Troubleshooting
Changing the Network Drivers You may need to change the network drivers if the NIC vendor has a new version of their driver or if you install a service pack with driver updates. To change the network drivers, perform the following steps: Step 1
Go to Control Panel > iSCSI Config.
Step 2
Click the Normal Boot button. The boot type changes to Normal.
Step 3
Make the network driver changes.
Step 4
Click the Early Boot button. The boot type changes back to Early.
Troubleshooting Troubleshooting consists of general information, normal displays for Cisco Network Boot, and error messages.
General Information Rather than using a repair diskette or CD ROM for troubleshooting, iSCSI volumes should be mounted on a working system and repaired from there.
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Example Displays for Cisco Network Boot During the boot process each system, such as Intel Eclipse, Compaq, and Dell, displays its own PXE-specific information. Following are examples of a normal Cisco Network Boot display and additional system-specific displays that need to appear before Cisco Network Boot can run. Example 4-1
Normal Cisco Network Boot Display
Cisco Network Boot netboot-2.1.1 19-Aug-2002.04:46:21 PXE Version: 02.01 Client Name: squall1 MAC: 67:22:95:88:01:54 Client IP: 10.2.50.10 DHCP IP: 10.2.50.18 Gateway IP: 10.2.50.1 Netmask: 255.255.255.0 iSCSI IP: 10.2.50.102 TCP Port: 3260 Initiator: iqn.1987-05.com.cisco:00.04aeccb6d6099d06325595df2480730ocmasterbootdisk Target: iqn.1987-05.com.cisco.00..bootdisk-01 Boot LUN: 0000 iSCSI MAC: 43:87:18:44:23:22 Alias: bootdisk-01 iSCSI LUN: 0000 iSCSI LUN: 0001 Disk 00 01 02
Type iSCSI iSCSI BIOS
3.75GB 7.85GB
Cylinders 0x03ff 0x03ff 0x03ff
SEAGATE SEAGATE
Heads 0xfe 0xfe 0xfe
ST318452 ST318452
Sectors 0x3f 0x3f 0x20
002EV08074 002EV08075
Max C: Size 7.8 GB 7.8 GB 3.8 GB
Booting from......
If the display differs significantly from what is shown, check the connection to the DHCP server or to the Cisco SN 5400 Series system. Example 4-2
Intel Eclipse Display
Intel UNDI, PXE-2.0 (build xxx) Copyright... Client MAC Addr: xx xx xx xx xx xx GUID: Client IP: nn.nn.nn.nn Mask: nn.nn.nn.nn Gateway IP: nn.nn.nn.nn
Example 4-3
DHCP IP: nn.nn.nn.nn
Compaq Booting from an Onboard Intel NIC
Prolient DL380 Initializing Intel 9R) boot agent version 4.017 PXE 2.0 build 083 (WFM 2.0) Intel (R) boot agent version 4.0.17 Copyright Client MAC Addr: xx xx xx xx xx xx GUID: Client IP: nn.nn.nn.nn Mask: nn.nn.nn.nn DHCP IP: nn.nn.nn.nn Gateway IP: nn.nn.nn.nn
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Example 4-4
Dell Booting from an Onboard Intel NIC
PowEdge 1650 Initializing Intel 9R) boot agent version 4.017 PXE 2.0 build 083 (WFM 2.0) Intel (R) boot agent version 4.0.17 Copyright Client MAC Addr: xx xx xx xx xx xx GUID: Client IP: nn.nn.nn.nn Mask: nn.nn.nn.nn DHCP IP: nn.nn.nn.nn Gateway IP: nn.nn.nn.nn
Error Messages Following are error messages for the following categories: •
Cisco Network Boot and Host Errors
•
Network Errors
•
DHCP iSCSI Option Format Errors
•
Login Errors
•
iSCSI Target Errors
•
Replication Errors
Cisco Network Boot and Host Errors Error Message PXE not found Explanation The host does not support PXE. Recommended Action Add an Intel Pro/1000 XT server adapter NIC.
Error Message Not enough conventional memory. The Cisco Network Boot segment at 0xnnnn is below 512k (0x8000) Explanation . The PXE implementation does not leave enough memory for Cisco Network Boot to
run. Cisco Network Boot won’t run at all on the host in this configuration. Recommended Action Install and configure a PXE-supported 10/100 or Gigabit Ethernet NIC, such as
the Intel Pro/1000 XT server. For more information, boot using the pxecheck utility instead of inbp.com.
Error Message System boots up to the Windows splash screen; a blue screen displays the message, “BOOT DEVICE NOT AVAILABLE.” Explanation The iSCSI driver was not set to use Early boot order during installation. Recommended Action Boot the internal hard drive, set the boot type to the Early setting (not to the
Normal setting), and copy the image to the iSCSI target again.
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Network Errors Error Message No ARP response from target IP address Explanation The network could not find the hardware address (MAC address) of the iSCSI target. Recommended Action Make sure that the iSCSI target is online. Make sure that the IP address in the
root path option is correct. Also, make sure that the default gateway (if needed) is the first one in the router list (option 3) and that the subnet mask is correct.
Error Message Unable to find boot drive on iSCSI target Explanation No internal or iSCSI targets found. Recommended Action Make sure that the iSCSI target has a valid copy of the BIOS on the boot image.
Error Message No BIOS or iSCSI hard disks Explanation No internal or iSCSI targets found. Recommended Action Make sure that the iSCSI target has a valid copy of the BIOS on the boot image.
Error Message No boot disk, insert disk and press Ctrl+Alt+Del Explanation No device that was found was bootable. Recommended Action Insert a bootable diskette or install an operating system or replicate an existing
iSCSI boot disk.
Error Message No ARP response yet, please wait or use control-alt-delete to reboot Explanation The iSCSI target IP address is incorrect, or the iSCSI target is not operational, or the
network is down between the host and the iSCSI target. inbp.com will retry the ARP request every five seconds for 15 or 20 minutes. This may also happen under very heavy network traffic with high packet loss. Recommended Action If the target address is incorrect, fix the iSCSI boot string in the DHCP
reservation, and use control-alt-delete to reboot. If the target address is correct, wait for the iSCSI target to become operational (this may happen if both the host and the target are powered on at the same time), or correct the network problem.
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Error Message No DHCP response yet, please wait or use control-alt-delete to reboot Explanation The DHCP server may have gone down, or is being restarted, or network problems may
have occurred between the host and the DHCP server. This could also happen under very heavy network traffic with high packet loss. inbp.com will retry the DHCP request every five seconds for about 10 minutes. Recommended Action Start up the DHCP server if it is stopped, correct the network problem, or wait
for the retries to work.
DHCP iSCSI Option Format Errors Error Message DHCP iSCSI option format error - option must start with iscsi Explanation The DHCP iSCSI option is not formatted correctly. Recommended Action Begin the option with iscsi...; see the example in “Setting Up the DHCP/TFTP
Server” in Chapter 3, “Installing and Configuring for Cisco Network Boot Operation.”
Error Message DHCP iSCSI option format error - non-dotted decimal character in IP address Explanation The DHCP iSCSI option, IP address field, is not formatted correctly. Recommended Action Use only a dotted-decimal IP address in the IP address field.
Error Message DHCP iSCSI option format error - transport protocol field must be tcp or blank Explanation The DHCP iSCSI option is not formatted correctly. Recommended Action Enter tcp in the transport protocol field or leave the field blank.
Error Message DHCP iSCSI option format error - non-decimal character in TCP port number field Explanation The DHCP iSCSI option is not formatted correctly. Recommended Action Enter the decimal TCP port number used by the iSCSI target in the TCP port
field. If not specified, the default is 3260.
Error Message DHCP iSCSI option format error - non-hexadecimal character in LUN field Explanation The DHCP iSCSI option is not formatted correctly. Recommended Action The LUN field must be in hexadecimal. Only the first four characters are used. (This should be zero.)
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Error Message DHCP iSCSI option format error - iSCSI Target option not returned by DHCP Explanation The DHCP iSCSI option, root path, was not configured correctly in the DHCP server. Recommended Action Add the root path option to the DHCP reservation.
Error Message DHCP iSCSI option format error - target not specified Explanation The DHCP iSCSI option does not include the iSCSI target name. Recommended Action Add the iSCSI target name to the end of the DHCP ISCSI option.
Login Errors Error Message target not found Explanation The iSCSI target does not exist at the specified IP address. Recommended Action Correct the iSCSI target name in the root path DHCP option, or correct the IP
address.
Error Message initiator was not successfully authenticated by target Explanation The connection failed due to an authentication error. Recommended Action Check authentication keys.
Error Message initiator not authorized to access target Explanation The connection failed due to an authorization error. Recommended Action Make sure that the access lists on the Cisco 5400 Series system allow the host
to access the iSCSI target.
Error Message unexpected initiator error Explanation The connection failed due to an unexpected initiator problem. Recommended Action Report the error to Cisco TAC.
Error Message unexpected target error Explanation The connection failed due to an unexpected target error. Recommended Action Make sure that the Cisco 5400 Series system is running and available. If the
error persists, report it to Cisco TAC.
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Error Message iSCSI login status Ox Explanation The connection failed. Recommended Action Check login errors in the Cisco SN 5400 Series system documentation.
Error Message Unsupported iSCSI target Explanation This error means that the iSCSI target is not a Cisco target or that it is a Cisco target
running an older firmware release. Recommended Action Install a Cisco iSCSI product, or upgrade the firmware as specified in Chapter 2, “Before Installing Cisco Network Boot.”
iSCSI Target Errors Error Message iSCSI initialization failed Explanation The iSCSI driver initialization failed. Recommended Action This should not happen. Report this error to Cisco TAC.
Error Message iSCSI test unit ready failed
A display such as the following is also shown. SCSI Command returned status 0x02 Check condition; sense key 0x05, ASC/Q0x2500 LUN Not Supported Exp. The LUN does not exist on the iSCSI target. Action: Add the LUN or fix the boot string.
Explanation The iSCSI test unit failed. Recommended Action Check that the fibre channel device behind the Cisco 5400 Series system is
powered up and ready, and that the specified LUN exists.
Error Message iSCSI read failed
A display such as the following is also shown. SCSI Command returned status 0x02 Check condition; sense key 0x05, ASC/Q0x2500 LBA Out of Range
Explanation The iSCSI read failed. Recommended Action Make sure that the LUN is mapped to a valid iSCSI target.
Error Message iSCSI get capacity failed
A display such as the following is also shown. SCSI Command returned status 0x02
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Check condition; sense key 0x05, ASC/Q0x2500 LUN Not Supported Exp. The LUN does not exist on the iSCSI target. Action: Add the LUN or fix the boot string.
Explanation The iSCSI get capacity failed. Recommended Action Make sure that the LUN is mapped to a valid iSCSI target.
Error Message iSCSI device block size not 512 bytes Explanation The block size of the physical device is not 512 bytes. Recommended Action Access the fibre channel device and reconfigure it to use a 512-byte block size.
Error Message iSCSI inquiry failed
A display such as the following is also shown. SCSI Command returned status 0x02 Check condition; sense key 0x05, ASC/Q0x2500 LUN Not Supported Exp. The LUN does not exist on the iSCSI target. Action: Add the LUN or fix the boot string.
Explanation The iSCSI inquiry failed. Recommended Action Check that the fibre channel device behind the Cisco 5400 Series system is
powered up and ready, and that the specified LUN exists
Replication Errors Error Message Can’t find iSCSI driver or is not set to Early Boot Explanation The iSCSI driver has not been installed or is not set to Early Boot. Recommended Action Check to make sure you have the iSCSI driver installed and the Early Boot set.
Error Message Could not validate source IP address or could not find iSCSI driver registry entries Explanation The wrong source IP address was set for the NIC with PXE enabled or the Local Area
Connection was not configured with the static IP address matching the DHCP reservation. Recommended Action Check to make sure you have put in the correct address. This IP address is the
static IP address of the master boot host.
Error Message Couldn’t find physical device for source Explanation The wrong device was selected. Recommended Action Quit and restart the utility. Ensure the correct device is selected.
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Error Message Couldn’t find physical device for destination Explanation The wrong device was selected. Recommended Action Quit and restart the utility. Ensure the correct device is selected.
Error Message Invalid copy source Explanation Selecting the copy source was not done correctly. No boot partition was found. Recommended Action Ensure the source has an Active Partition.
Error Message Invalid copy destination Explanation Selecting the copy destination was not done correctly. No boot partition was found. Recommended Action Ensure that you checked Mark Active Partition when you have finished creating
the partition.
Error Message Not a bootable NTFS partition Explanation The volume is not formatted with NTFS or is not set to Healthy - Active. Recommended Action Check the device selection. ensure that the volume is formatted with NTFS and
is set to Healthy - Active.
Error Message Failure trying to get source and destination free and used space sizes. Explanation The Microsoft API failed. Recommended Action Quit and start Cisco Network Boot again.
Error Message Destination is too small to hold source. Explanation The size of the destination volume is not large enough to contain the source volume. Recommended Action The size of the destination volume should be 10% more than the size of the used
space on the source volume. Make a new partition of the required size. Format and set active. Go through the replication process again.
Error Message Invalid copy destination, invalid BPB (BIOS parameter block) or not formatted for NTFS Explanation The volume is not formatted with NTFS or you did not select the correct volume. Recommended Action Check to make sure the volume format is NTFS. Verify the correct volume
selection.
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Error Message Invalid copy destination, invalid bytes per sector Explanation The number of bytes per sector is not correct. Recommended Action Check the format of the storage device. Be sure that the volume disks have 512 bytes per sector. (This is independent of the cluster size.)
Error Message I/0 Failure for the current destination Explanation The current destination cannot be verified. This is a Microsoft API failure. Recommended Action Go through the replication process again.
Error Message Is a systemroot and can’t be a replication destination. Explanation The destination copy can’t be where the operating system is currently active. Recommended Action Check the volume selection.
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G L O S S A RY
B BIOS
A relatively small program that resides in memory on a personal computer that is responsible for booting that computer and performing certain operations.
boot image
An instance of an operating system and application programs for a host. With Cisco Network Boot, a boot image also contains a Cisco iSCSI driver, network drivers, and the network configuration necessary to complete the network connection. A boot image resides on an iSCSI target/LUN zero from which a host boots. See also master boot host.
C Cisco Network Boot A Cisco software product that allows a diskless computer to boot from an iSCSI target via a Cisco
SN 5400 Series system. Cisco SN 5400 Series system
The phrase used when referring to all models of the Cisco SN 5400 Series product; when used, it includes the SN 5420, SN 5428, and other product models that will be available.
D DHCP
A protocol that provides a mechanism for allocating IP addresses dynamically so that addresses can be reused when hosts no longer need them.
diskless
Referring to a computer that has no disk drive or any other storage device.
diskless boot
A process the computer goes through to boot without a disk drive. This process is usually through a network card and the computer obtains its boot image across the network.
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
See DHCP.
F firmware
Low-level software for booting and operating an intelligent device. Firmware generally resides in read-only memory (ROM) on the device.
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Glossary
H hardware ethernet address
See MAC address.
host
See IP host. See also master boot host.
I inbp.com
The software program that allows a computer to boot without a disk directly attached to the computer. The inbp.com program runs as a Network Bootstrap Program (NBP) in the Preboot Execution Environment (PXE). The program is stored on a TFTP server for downloading to a computer that is configured to boot from the network.
Internet Small Computer System Interface
See iSCSI.
IP host
A computer system on an IP network. Each host uses Cisco Network Boot to boot from an iSCSI target on a Cisco SN 5400 Series system. Each IP host requires an iSCSI target/LUN zero with a boot image for that host. See also master boot host.
iSCSI
(Internet Small Computer System Interface) Referring to an IETF-defined protocol for IP storage (ips). For more information about the iSCSI protocol, refer to the IETF standards for IP storage at http://www.ietf.org.
iSCSI driver
The Cisco iSCSI driver for Microsoft Windows 2000 provides an IP host with the ability to access storage through an IP network. The iSCSI driver uses iSCSI protocol to transport SCSI requests and responses over an IP network between the IP host and a Cisco SN 5400 Series system. (The iSCSI protocol is an IETF-defined protocol for IP storage.)
iSCSI target
A logical representation of a Fibre Channel storage device (or devices) that is connected to a Cisco SN 5400 Series system. An iSCSI target is configured with one or more accompanying iSCSI LUNs on a Cisco SN 5400 Series system. With Cisco Network Boot, an IP host accesses a boot image contained on the Fibre Channel storage device mapped as the iSCSI target LUN zero.
L LUN
(Logical Unit Number) A SCSI identifier within a target assigned to each Fibre Channel accessible disk so that the host can address and access the data on those devices.
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M MAC address
A standardized data link layer address that is required for every port or device that connects to a LAN. Other devices in the network use these address to locate specific ports in the network and to create and update routing tables and data structures. MAC addresses are 6 bytes long and are controlled by IEEE.
mapping
Conversion or connection between two data addressing spaces.
master boot host
A host with a directly attached disk drive. The purpose of the master boot host is to create a master boot image. The master boot image is a source for replicating boot images for other hosts. See also IP host.
master boot image
A boot image that is created initially on the disk drive located on a master boot host. All other boot images within the iSCSI targets are replicated directly or indirectly from this boot image. See also boot image.
N Network Boot Administration Utility
A component in Cisco Network Boot that allows a user to perform Cisco Network Boot administrative tasks, including boot image replication.
network interface card
A board that provides network communication capabilities to and from a computer system.
NIC
See network interface card.
P partition
A subdivision of the capacity of a disk. Partitions are consecutively numbered ranges of blocks that are recognized by MS-DOS, Windows, and most UNIX operating systems.
PXE
Pre-Boot eXecution Environment (PXE) architecture for booting a client computer. This is an Intel standard and lies within the system BIOS of a computer. Cisco Network boot uses this architecture for the booting process.
R replicate
(noun) A general term for a copy of a collection of data. (verb) The action of making a replicate. It can also mean duplicate or copy.
reservation
In DHCP, a method of assigning static IP addresses to a client.
ROM
Read-Only memory
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S scope
In DHCP, an administrative grouping of computers running the DHCP Client service. You create a scope for each subnet on the network to define parameters for that subnet.
storage array
A group of disk drives that collectively acts as a single storage system. Two types of storage arrays are available: RAID (Redundant Array of Independent Disks) and JBOD (Just a Bunch Of Disks). A RAID system provides fault tolerance by storing the same data redundantly on multiple disks, but appears as a single disk. A JBOD is, typically, a group of individual disks cabled together in a chassis with redundant power and possibly some maintenance capabilities.
SCSI routing instance
A virtual router on the Cisco SN 5400 Series system.
T TFTP
A service provided by a server daemon.
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
See TFTP.
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I N D EX
changing the network
Numerics
4-2
checking the network configuration 10/100 configuration
3-5
CIDR style
vii
Cisco.com
3-1
3-4
Cisco iSCSI driver
A
installation
access list
3-6
requirements
iSCSI target modifying
Cisco Network Boot
3-8
basic description
3-17
1-1 to 1-2
basic network structure
active volume example
2-2
boot sequence
3-15
See also healthy volume.
3-14
address
1-4
configuration
3-1 to 3-18
configuration basics installation
See IP address. angle brackets audience
location
vii
1-3
3-1 to 3-18
3-1
operation
v
1-2 to 1-3
3-1 to 3-18
product overview
1-1 to 1-4
Cisco SN 5400 Series system
B
component
basic network structure boldface font
1-2 to 1-3
boldface screen font
installation
vii
Cisco switches
boot image replication
braces
2-5
3-8 3-4 to 3-5
See CIDR style
3-12 to 3-17
CLI command show scsirouter
3-18
boot sequence
3-8
classless interdomain routing style
1-4
See also master boot image. boot order
configuration
Configuration Worksheet
vii
boot sequence
1-3
switch
1-4
3-9
3-4
collecting configuration information (worksheets) 2-3 to 2-6
vii
command syntax conventions
C changing the boot order
vii
Compaq with an Intel Processor 3-17
completing the replication process
4-3 3-17
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Index
configuration basics
requirements
1-3
Configuration Worksheet
setting up
Cisco SN 5400 Series system host
DHCP server
2-6
boot sequence
2-4
iSCSI target
indicator
2-5
configuring iSCSI targets
3-17 to 3-18
document conventions
vii
confirm replication of volume
3-8 to 3-9
3-16
vii
E early boot button
creating
changing the network
master boot image partition
3-6 to 3-8
3-13 to 3-14
reservation
vi
3-6
configuring iSCSI targets for replication conventions
3-10 to 3-12
document organization (table)
3-8 to 3-9
network interface
1-4
3-18
setting up
IP host to boot from the network
scope
3-9 to 3-12
See also DHCP and TFTP.
2-5
DHCP/TFTP server (Windows)
2-2
4-2
installing the Cisco iSCSI driver
3-6
ensuring
3-10
Cisco Network Boot is enabled for the appropriate NIC 3-17
3-10
Cisco Network Boot is running error messages
D
4-4 to 4-11
Cisco Network Boot
default gateway
4-4
destination destination computer name
3-16
4-8
4-5
replication errors
4-9
configuring switches destination IP address destination window
3-5
iSCSI option format
3-16
3-16 3-16
displays
4-6
Compaq with an Intel Processor
3-9
Dell with an Intel Processor
DHCP/TFTP server component
1-1
3-4
destination computer name
3-16
helper address
1-2
Cisco Network Boot overview
3-16 to 3-17
DHCP
server
iSCSI target
basic network structure
3-16
destination window example
4-7
Intel Eclipse
1-3
Configuration Worksheet error messages
4-6
example
destination IP address first time
iSCSI login network
3-15
example
4-4
DHCP iSCSI option format errors
3-18
Dell with an Intel Processor target
3-17
2-6
4-6
normal
4-3
4-4
4-3
4-3
healthy/active volume
3-15
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IP address
operating system
3-2
iSCSI target configuration source IP address
Intel Eclipse Display
3-9
4-3
IP address
3-16
destination indicator
F
3-16 to 3-17 3-18
reservation
format errors
3-6
source
4-6
3-11
3-16 to 3-17
IP host See host.
G
IP storage (ips)
Gigabit Ethernet
iSCSI disk
3-5
1-1
1-1
iSCSI driver See Cisco iSCSI driver.
H
iSCSI option format errors
healthy volume
iSCSI protocol
example
See also active volume.
boot sequence
3-14
configuration
host boot sequence
error messages
2-4
configuring to boot from the network
replication
NIC that is not PXE enabled NIC that is PXE enabled
root path
3-7
italic font
3-7
I
J
inbp.com
JBOD
3-12
starting
3-18
TFTP server
2-5
3-8 4-8
example configuration
3-17
4-4
copying
3-8 to 3-9
creating volumes
1-3
boot sequence
1-4
Configuration Worksheet
1-4
Configuration Worksheet errors
1-1
iSCSI target
3-15
component
4-6
3-9
3-15 to 3-17 3-11
vii
2-2
1-4
L login, error messages
2-2
indicators of successful replication installation process
LUN
3-18
first
3-1 to 3-18
3-8
indicator
installing Cisco iSCSI driver
4-7
3-18
3-6
Network Boot Administration Utility
3-13
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Index
connection
M
3-4
PXE enabled MAC address description example
3-7
PXE not enabled 3-11
3-7
normal Cisco Network Boot display
4-3
3-2
master boot host
3-11
O
maintenance changing the network drivers general information replacing the host management session
4-2
options
4-2
reservation
4-1
3-11
organization of document (table)
vi
3-17
master boot host configure access list
configuring the DHCP server every iSCSI target
P
3-9 3-9
creating
installing the Cisco iSCSI driver installing the operating system MAC address removal
partition
3-8 3-6
primary
3-11
2-2
3-11
prerequisite tasks
3-1
product overview
1-1 to 1-4
PXE
1-3
about
3-6
LAN
3-18
requirements
1-2
enabled
Microsoft Windows 2000 Server or Advanced Server indicator
3-14
Preboot Execution Environment
master boot image creating
3-7
3-6
MAC address 2-2
NIC
requirements
N
3-11
3-6
not enabled
NBP
3-14
See PXE.
requirements
about
mark active
3-6
3-17
root path
3-13
3-7 2-2
1-2
Network Boot Administration Utility
3-13 to 3-17
Network Bootstrap Program See NBP.
RAID See storage array.
network configuration checking
R
related documentation
3-4
network errors
replacing the host 4-5
new reservation options
viii
4-1
Replicate Boot Volume box 3-11
3-16
replication
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boot images
Spantree portfast
3-12 to 3-17
completion
square brackets
3-17
configuring iSCSI targets error messages iSCSI target
3-8 to 3-9
attached to the Cisco SN 5400 Series system directly attached to one IP host
3-15 to 3-17
1-3
1-3
storage array
creating a partition
indicator
3-13 to 3-14
installing the Network Boot Administration Utility 3-13
DHCP/TFTP server iSCSI targets
command syntax convention
System Setup
vii
3-17
2-2
network equipment other hosts
vii
3-18
syntax conventions (table)
2-2
2-2
master boot host
2-2
strings, user-defined text submask
requirements
3-18
requirement
replicating the boot image to the iSCSI target 3-15 to 3-17
2-2
T
2-2
reservation options
vii
storage
4-9
process
example
3-5
3-11
3-15
TCP/IP properties
3-7
text strings, user-defined
3-11
reservation name
target destination
command syntax convention
3-11
vii
TFTP server
S
3-9
TFTP server
saving the boot order scope
boot sequence
3-17
troubleshooting
3-10
options screen font
4-2 to 4-11
3-11 vii
U
screen font, boldface
vii
setting up the DHCP server setting up the TFTP server setup.exe
1-4
3-10 to 3-12 3-12
user-defined text strings command syntax convention
vii
3-13
show scsirouter command
3-9
V
source IP address destination IP address example first time
vertical bars VLANs
3-16 3-16 to 3-17
See IP address. Source Volumes
3-17
3-15
vii
3-5
volume configuring
3-8
drive letter
3-15
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new
3-14
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