Trade Council of Denmark, Beijing, China

April, 2009

China Wind Power Newsletter Contents Editor’s Words

1

Insight of the Month

2-4

China Wind Power Industry Overview

5

Government: Policy, Plan and Action

6-7

Investors (Wind Farm Developers)

8

Turbine Producers and Sub Suppliers

9-11

China Corner: Jilin

12

Editor’s words: April has been a busy month, both for the Chinese wind industry, but also for the small team we are. Vestas opened a new factory in north China. We accompanied the Ambassador to be at the ceremony. It’s a big step forward for Vestas China because the new type turbine is specifically designed for north China market. The embassy held the first Green China event in Shandong, which is a well developed province and also windy. 10 Danish companies with green technologies used this platform communicating with local authorities and developing market potentials. Together with Vestas and Cowi, the embassy took a three day fact-finding trip to Jilin, also a province in North China with great wind potentials. Shanghai wind exhibition, the first major wind exhibition in China in 2009 was taken April 7-9. Only one conclusion from all things happened recently: The market is roaring. We should move faster.

Subscription: The price for half a year’s reading (April to September of 2009) is DKK 2,700. Please email Liang Wanliang ([email protected]) for subscription. 1

Insight of the Month

Wind as New Resource in North China - Fact finding trip to Jilin province by the embassy, Vestas, and Cowi

From April 20 to 22, the Danish Embassy in Beijing went to Jilin province together with Vestas and Cowi. Jilin is located in Northeast China, which is an area rich of wind resources and thus important for the wind power industry. The 3-days trip covered Changchun, capital of Jilin province, Baicheng, where 90% of Jilin’s wind farms are placed, and Da’an, which is a county level city under Baicheng and also the most windy area there.

Ambitious plan In Changchun, the delegation had meetings with local officials including Mr. Wang Zuji, Vice governor of the Jilin province, Mr. Yang Yajie, Mayer of Baicheng, Mr. Li Changjiang Party Secretary of Da’an, and Mr. Yang Chao, Mayor of Da’an. The government gave an up-to-date status and revealed the ambitious long run plan for Jilin’s wind power development. Jilin already reached 1GW of installed wind capacity in the end of 2008, which is 8% of the total amount in China. And this is just the beginning. In the next decade, there will be 10 times more turbines installed, and the total exploitable wind resources are expected to be 20GW according to Zhongnan design institute (a local institute who is preparing master plan for Jilin’s long term wind power development)’s estimation. In Jilin provincial government’s new strategy, they have adjusted the long term plan to a higher level lifting the target of total capacity by 2020 to 12GW. Jilin now is also applying for being the 7th national wind power base* in China.

*Wind Concession Tendering Program: In order to increase the scale of development of the wind power industry, the central government (NDRC) conducted five rounds of wind concession tendering programmes during the period of 2003-2007. The 6th round of concession tendering program was recently started on April 20 of 2009. Basically all wind farms larger than 50MW should be in this program. So far no foreign companies have winning record in this concession program.

Central policy and local reality NDRC* would like to see that all big wind farm projects go to central government as concession tendering programs*, where foreign companies like Vestas rarely have a chance to win. But Jilin local officials revealed a totally different picture. Within the 1GW installed wind capacity in Jilin, only 40 % was from the concession program, and it was actually just one project. The project was, however, very inefficient (it took nearly 6 years from applying to implementation) and also cheap (contract price was 0.509 yuan/kWh, which is lower than the feasibility price). Local government in Jilin was not happy with this only concession case and decided to avoid any more. All the rest wind farms are of small sizes like 49.5MW. Decisions of wind farm projects smaller than 50MW go to PDRC* instead of NDRC. Jilin local officials also passed rumour that the wind farm size limit to PDRC will be loosed to 100MW.

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*NDRC: National Development and Reform Commission. It is the most powerful ministry regarding economics and industries. The main function is to formulate and implement strategies of national economic development, annual plans, medium and long-term development plans. *PDRC: Provincial Development and Reform Commission.

Insight of the Month

Opportunities for foreign companies Concession tendering programme run by NDRC has been proved to be a negative system to foreign companies. It’s another story when you look at small-sized wind farm projects decided by provincial government. Local government has more concerns on economic benefit like final price of electricity output or operating cost in the long run. And the relationship in each province could be less complicated.

Active wind farm developers Most of the big wind farm developers have set up branches in Jilin province. The delegation met with the three most important ones, i.e. Guangdong Nuclear, Huaneng, and Huadian. The delegation also visited a big wind farm, Dagangzi wind farm of Guangdong Nuclear, in Da’an. Guangdong Nuclear’s long term target in Baicheng is more than 1GW, now they have already developed 200MW. The pipeline of future wind farms looks strong and the existing wind farms are running well. Guangdong Nuclear is a good partner of Vestas on many projects in China. They mentioned that Vestas’ turbines are under consideration with several coming projects in North China. Small local developers also look for chances to take a share of the wind market. A local company called Da’an Runfeng worked as facilitator of the Jilin trip and the president Mr. Yang Xifeng accompanied the delegation all the way to Changchun and Baicheng. His wind farm project will start from late this year as a 50MW phase and the total capacity will be 200MW with all 4 phases.

Vestas and Cowi’s business Chances Jilin is not as windy as Inner Mongolia or other western provinces like Xinjiang or Gansu. Most of the wind farm locations in Jilin are of class 2 or class 3. In this kind of areas, KW turbine could do a better job than MW turbine. Vestas’ new type from Inner Mongolia factory is of 850KW. It is specially designed to North China conditions. It is going to be a strong weapon for Vestas to open the North China market like Jilin. Cowi’s working areas are wind resource measuring and mapping, micro design of wind farms, foundation design with windmills, etc. The wind market in China has been growing dramatically. Local developers and institutes have to make business before becoming experienced. Apparently a lot of feasibility reports made by local institutes are not optimal or even correct. In a long run, wind farm developers and local government will suffer from losing electricity output. Cowi’s expertise and experience can help all stakeholders get better outcomes from wind resource in each Chinese province.

3

*National wind power base NDRC made decision in early 2008 to have mega wind power bases (larger than 10GW) in provinces with best wind resources. 6 wind power bases already entered the stage of planning and construction respectively in Inner Mongolia (2 bases in eastern part and western part respectively), Gansu, Xinjiang, Hebei and Jiangsu provinces.

Insight of the Month

Editors’ Footprints in Jilin

Heading to Wind Farm in Rain

Editor Liang Wanliang in Jilin trip

Tower Building

Dagangzi Wind Farm Control Station

Dagangzi wind farm (A view from control and transformer station)

Dagangzi wind farm on map (200MW, 132 sets of 1.5MW Dongfang turbines) 4

China Wind Power Industry Overview

Market Share of Foreign Companies Falling in 2008 The growth rate of Chinese wind power industry has been kept stunning in 2008 (cumulative installation reached 12.2 GW, which is increased by 106% from end of 2007). Domestic manufacturers took more than 75% of the market. Around 70 Chinese companies have production of wind turbines or will get into production phase soon. Three major players are Sinovel, Goldwind and Dongfang. They are the only ones who could deliver turbines of over 1 GW.

Brand (Manufacturer)

Increased Capacity in 2008 (KW)

Percentage of Increased Capacity 2008 (%)

Other domestic companies are relatively small scaled but some of them have very ambitious plans and will catch up soon. Foreign companies took one quarter of the whole market, which is a quick decline from 42% in year 2007 and 55% in year 2006. With a leading position in all foreign companies, Vestas has 9.6% of market share 2008. In Chinese total installed capacity, Vestas enjoyed a share of around 12%. Details of 2008 data, please find tables below.

Cumulative Capacity (KW)

Percentage of Cumulative Total Capacity (%)

Domestic Manufacturers and Chinese-Foreign Joint Ventures Sinovel

1402500

22.45

2157000

17.75

Goldwind

1131750

18.12

2629050

21.63

DEC (Dongfang electric corporation) Windey

1053000

16.86

1290000

10.61

233250

3.73

330250

2.72

Shanghai Electric wind Mingyang

178750

2.86

201250

1.66

174000

2.79

175500

1.44

CASC-Acciona

150000

2.40

250500

2.06

XEMC

120000

1.92

128000

1.05

New Unite

73500

1.18

82500

0.68

BEIZHONG

60000

0.96

60000

0.49

Others

143680

2.30

202170

1.66

Subtotal

4720430

75.57

7506220

61.76

Foreign-owned Manufacturers Vestas

599700

9.60

1455200

11.97

Gamesa

508300

8.14

1552500

12.77

GE

145500

2.33

637500

5.25

Nordex

144000

2.31

328750

2.71

Suzlon

128500

2.06

347250

2.86

Subtotal

1526000

24.44

4646570

38.23

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Government: Policy, Plan and Action

Wind Power Facility Manufacturing Localizing under Government Support About CRESP: The China Renewable Energy Scale-up Program (CRESP) has been developed by the Government of China (GOC) in cooperation with the World Bank (WB) and the Global Environment Facility (GEF) to provide assistance with the implementation of a renewable energy policy development and investment program. Website: http://www.cresp.org.cn/english/ind ex.asp

The localization of wind turbine production has always been a key concern of China’s wind power industry. In 2008 China Renewable Energy Scale-up Program (CRESP) supported a sub-program of wind turbine production localization with 7 million US dollars. Goldwind Science and Technology Co., Ltd, Zhejiang Windey Wind Generating Engineering Co., Ltd, Sinovel Wind Co., Ltd, Shanghai Electric, Dongfang Electric Corporation successfully undertook the subprogram and got sponsorship from CRESP ranging from 1.2 million dollars to 1.5 million dollars for wind turbine research. Recent program evaluation showed that these five companies have gained break-throughs in developing technology with full intellectual property rights. New product design work and key components procurement have all finished for these companies and sample turbines are in production or ready for installment. The whole sumprogram will be finished in 2010.

Goldwind Science and Technology Co., Ltd

Goldwind cooperated with Vensys Corporation (German) to research on 2.5MW direct variable-speed wind turbine. Sample turbine’s design and key component procurement has finished. The turbine will be produced and installed at Beijing Guanting reservoir wind farm in June.

Zhejiang Windey Wind Generating Engineering Co., Ltd

Windey independently developed 1.5MW double-fed variable-speed constant-frequency wind turbine and has accumulated over 3000 hours’ operation time at China Energy Conservation Investment Corporation’s Zhangbei wind farm.

Sinovel Wind Co., Ltd

Sinovel cooperated with Austrian company Windtec on 3MW double-fed variable-speed constantfrequency wind turbine, which is China’s first offshore to be installed at Shanghai Donghai Bridge wind farm.

Shanghai Electric

Shanghai Electric’s cooperation with German company Aerodyn also progressed well. Their 2MW double-fed variable-speed constant-frequency wind turbine has been installed at Dafeng wind farm in Jiangsu province.

Dongfang Electric Corporation

Dongfang Corporation’s collaborator is also Austrian company Windtec. Dongfang’s 2.5MW double-fed variable-speed constant-frequency wind turbine will be assembled in July and installed at Maoming wind farm in Inner Mongolia.

6

Government: Policy, Plan and Action

Nanjing’s Wind Power Equipment Manufacturing Industry Leaping Forward Nanjing’s Wind Power Equipment Manufacturing Industry is expected to have a total revenue of 7 billion yuan in 2009 and over 10 billion in 2010. The Jiangning Development Zone fully utilized the opportunity of Jiangsu Province’s development in wind power recent years. Currently over 20 manufacturing factories and research institutes gather here. The sub-supply project invested jointly by Nanjing Highspeed & Accurate Gear Group and Nanjing Turbine & Electric Machinery Group (investment over 4 billion YUAN) is in leading position. In June 2008, the Nanjing Wind Power Generator Equipment Industrial Park laid foundation. In July, Nanjing wind power equipment Industry Association founded officially in the zone. In August GoldWind Group, one of the largest wind turbine manufacturer in China, entered the zone and completed the industrial chain with all necessary parts. By the end of 2008, the zone recognized revenue of 4 billion yuan on a 60% annual growth rate.

Changzhou Stimulates Wind Power Equipment Industry Changzhou is a leading city of Jiangsu, which is traditionally strong in equipment manufacturing. Since its first move into renewable energy industry in 2005, it has formed a complete industrial chain of wind power equipment. Currently it has three key turbine producers: New Unite Group, Zhuorun Wind Power Equipment and Tianzun Group. The New Unite Group has full capability of producing turbines, towers and blades. Through cooperation with international companies and research institutes, it has acquired independent patents in 1.5MW turbines and has already reached capacity of 200 sets annually. Surrounding the key turbine producers, Changzhou also stimulates sub suppliers. 7

However, these sub suppliers are mainly new entrants in this industry, such as cable producers and composite material producers which have limited expertise in wind turbine component manufacturing. Thus key components like hubs, gear boxes and shafts still rely on external suppliers. The government has indentified the problems in supply chain and plans to focus on encouraging cooperation with international turbine producers and sub suppliers from Denmark, Germany and US.

Investors (Wind Farm Developers)

Offshore wind power attracts wind giants into competition China has considerable offshore wind power capacity: within near sea of 10-metre depth, the total wind power capacity is roughly 100GW. Within 20-metre water depth, the total capacity is 300GW and within 30-metre depth this capacity can reach 490GW. The total offshore exploitable wind power capacity would be 3 times the total amount of inland wind power capacity. Such a huge resource no doubt attracts wind giants’ efforts in establishing initiative advantage in offshore wind business.

First move: Donghai Bridge offshore wind farm The Donghai Bridge wind farm plans to install 50 wind turbines with total investment of 2.22 billion yuan and payback period of 10 to 20 years. Its total capacity reaches 100MW and each turbine’s capacity will be no lower than 2MW. License period for investors is 28 years and the electricity will get access in Shanghai Electric Grid. This wind farm went through fiece bidding competition in late 2006 and winner was a bidding union formed by China Power, Datang, Guangdong Nuclear Power Group and Shanghai Green Energy. The first offshore wind farm project caused fierce competition because if a company can won this bid, it can start to accumulate practical offshore wind farm expertise earlier than rivals and probably lead the trend in the future. Even being the pioneering company means huge investments and uncertain profitability, the giants still want to win the first move and thus hold the right of speech in policy making and technology standardization. They are actually expecting more offshore projects in the future rather than calculating too much on current financial statistics.

Other efforts: Guohua Energy Investment and China National Offshore Oil Corp. (CNOOC)

Offshore wind power has maintained as giants’ game till now because of its huge investments. In the bidding of certain offshore wind farm project, investors need to spend millions in investigation. This money would be nothing if they lose the bidding. Small and medium companies can’t afford the risk.

Guohua has signed agreements with Dongtai government, Jiangsu Province to build offshore wind farms with total capacity exceeding 4GW using 90 billion yuan by 2020. CNOOC signed agreement with Fujian Province government and planned to expand offshore wind business in Fujian, another coastal area short in energy supply currently.

–Li Yongzhao, manager of Hongying New Energy Technology Corp.

Problems remain: immature technology, high costs and limited grid access Currently China’s offshore wind power technology falls behind inland wind power technology by about ten years. The former’s cost is also 2 to 3 times higher than the latter’s. The offshore projects usually need more preparation before installation, concerning wind resource investigation, geographic test, etc. The first turbine in Donghai Bridge wind farm took two years to install – four times the time used for a typical inland turbine installation. Though the national policy gives offshore wind farms many advantages on taxes, power grid access and pricing, the high costs of wind power seem to offset them all. It’s estimated that the cost per kWh for wind power is 0.551 yuan, which is more than two times the cost of thermoelectricity. Concerning the limited grid access, wind power industry shares the same problem: instability. Though technologies like mega power storage and intelligent power grid are under research, it can still take many years before the power grid fully loose the limit of wind power percentage. 8

Turbine Producers and Sub Suppliers

Sinovel Started Wind Turbine Project in Baotou

Sinovel Group started its new wind turbine project in Baotou Facility Manufacturing Park on March 21. This site plans to invest 1 billion yuan in three years, producing 1000 sets of 1.5MW wind turbines and 200 sets of 3MW wind turbines, realizing annual revenues of 5 billion yuan. The first stage project will finish by 2009 year end, providing half of the full designed capacity. The Baotou site will become an important base for Huarui, including functions of research, testing, assembling and training. Sinovel has set up four manufacturing sites respectively in Dalian, Yancheng, Jiuquan and Baotou. The company expects to have total capacity of 2000 1.5MW turbines and 100 3MW turbines in 2009.

Haizhuang Windpower Planned on 5MW Wind Turbine Research CSIC (Chongqing) Haizhuang Wind power Equipment Co., Ltd planned to initiate the first 5MW offshore wind turbine research, which will be finished within 3 years with 150 million yuan’s investment. Haizhuang’s general manager Yu Shaoqing showed positive attitude towards offshore wind power development in China because of its considerable energy capacity.

CSIC (Chongqing) Haizhuang Windpower Equipment Co., Ltd., founded in 2004, is an advanced technological industrial company specialized in the development and manufacturing of large wind power equipment and related main components. It was established by integration of CSIC’s affiliated companies and research institutes. By integration, the company has the world-advanced technologies in the field of system integration, gearbox, medium-sized generator, computer control, steel structure, large casting and forging, hydraulic system etc, which forms its special advantages in market competition. Furthermore, not only sharing talented personnel within CSIC group, but also actively cooperating with domestic universities, academies and institutes, the company takes all advantages inside and outside CSIC group, makes all its effort to develop Chinese brand wind power equipment with independent intellectual property.

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Zhongfu Exported Blades to Argentina 1.5MW wind blades manufactured by Lianyungang Zhongfu Lianzhong Composites Group successfully exported to Argentina on March 28. These blades produced with German technology have length of 37.5 meters and chord length of 3.2 meters, weighting 5.8 tons each, which make them the largest wind blades produced in China. This event showed that China has acquired capability of producing large wind blades instead of relying on import.

Turbine Producers and Sub Suppliers

Sinoma started Wind Blade project in Jiuquan, Gansu Province Sinoma’s wind blade project with 500 million yuan’s investment laid foundation in Jiuquan on March 28. Sinoma is one of the first companies in China specializing in blade bulk production. The company is the largest one in special fiber composite industry with strong technological background serving China’s military material research. Upon the completion of Jiuquan blade project, the site can produce 500 sets of wind blades of MW level, realizing annual revenue of 1 billion yuan, earnings before tax of 120 million yuan and providing 578 jobs. This project directly serves the Jiuquan 10GW wind power base plan.

Guodian Invested in New Gear Box Project in Baotou A joint venture producing wind turbine gear boxes, invested by Guodian United Power (Baotou) (a share-holding subsidiary of Guodian Corporation) and Inner Mongolia First Machinery Group Corporation (affiliated to North Industrial Corporation Group, an extra-large military industrial enterprise) laid foundation on March 25 in Baotou facility manufacturing park. Guodian signed technology transferring agreement with Aerodyn, a German Company and acquired full capacity of most advanced wind turbine manufacturing technology. This gear box project in Baotou needs 340 million yuan’s investment and will be able to produce 800 sets of 1.5MW gear boxes annually, with total value of 1 billion yuan. In 2009 the venture planned to finish 2 sample products’ production and factory plants’ construction, concentrating on gear box and specialized equipment.

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Turbine Producers and Sub Suppliers

Vestas Introduces New V60-850 KW Wind Turbine For China Danish wind turbine giant Vestas has unveiled an 850 kilowatt turbine tailored for the Chinese market which it hopes will open the door to untapped and hard-to-reach sites across China. Built to Vestas’ industry-leading high quality standards, the V60-850 KW was designed by Vestas’ global research and development team to be most effective in low and medium winds – China’s biggest available wind classes, representing close to 75 percent of as yet unutilized onshore wind resources in China. The V60-850 KW is almost entirely sourced in China; over 90 percent of the machine’s components are Chinese-made, which is the result of the development of win-win partnerships with Vestas’ new and existing suppliers. The turbine will be built in Vestas’ new factory in Hohhot, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region (IMAR), which will be one of the first new facilities to drive the development of a strong IMAR wind energy industry. The new Hohhot factory will produce the V60-850KW blades and nacelles in a production area of approximately 45,000 m2. Construction on the factory started in July of 2008. Hohhot was chosen as the location for this facility because of its proximity to the key wind energy sites in northeast China and the developing wind energy market in IMAR. Vestas has also benefited from the strong wind energy vision and support of the governments of IMAR and Hohhot.

“

The development and introduction of the V60 represents the beginning of a new stage in Vestas’ development in China that will see us play a larger role in contributing to the development of China’s overall wind energy industry. -- Ditlev Engel, Vestas Chief Executive

LM Glasfiber Signs Large Blade Supply Agreement with Goldwind and Establishes Third Chinese Blade Factory LM Glasfiber has signed a large blade supply agreement with Chinese wind turbine manufacturer Xinjiang Goldwind Science & Technology Co., Ltd. As a result of the agreement, LM Glasfiber will establish its third blade factory in China. The agreement is an extension of the strategic collaboration initiated by LM Glasfiber and Goldwind at the beginning of 2007 and involves a significant increase in shipments of blades of more than 1,100MW for Goldwind’s 1.5MW wind turbines from 2009 to 2012. “Quality and superior technology are the key parameters to us and to our customers, and since we started our alliance with LM Glasfiber in 2007, they have demonstrated that they possess both. We enjoy a fruitful and close collaboration with LM Glasfiber and are pleased to see this partnership being extended further with this agreement that ensures a supply of blades for our strong pipeline of projects,” says Wu Gang, CEO of Goldwind. In order to supply the many new blades to Goldwind, LM Glasfiber will establish a new blade factory in Qin Huang Dao in North East China. The Qin Huang Dao blade factory is designed to become LM Glasfiber’s largest facility in China. The first phase is expected to be commissioned already in Q4 2009. 11

“

We are very pleased to have extended our cooperation with Goldwind with this new agreement. It gives recognition to the value LM Glasfiber creates for our customers in China. A value proposition will be significantly strengthened when we open our new large state-ofthe-art blade factory in Qin Huang Dao. Thanks to the excellent cooperation with the authorities in Qin Huang Dao we have been able to locate the factory ideally to serve our customers’ demand and with excellent in and outbound logistics at the same time. -- Roland M. Sundén, CEO of LM Glasfiber

China Corner

China Corner

From Editor To give the readers a better insight of Chinese wind market and distribution, one main province of wind industry will be introduced in each newsletter.

Jilin Province - Area: 187,400 km2 - Population: 28 million - Main cities: Changchun (Capital), Baicheng (‘Wind Capital’, hosting most of Jilin’s wind farms). - Tourist sites: Tianchi Lake in the Changbaishan Mountains, Baishan city bordering North Korea.

The wind resources in western part of Jilin near the border to Inner Mongolia are good and of high quality. Here, the exploitable wind energy resources are expected to be 20GW.

Installed capacity: Jilin is the 4th province reaching an installed capacity of 1GW (1.07GW, ultimo 2008), only exceeded by Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, and Hebei.

Recently, Jilin has applied for a 7th wind base (larger than 10GW) in national wind power plan. The goal is to reach 12GW in installed wind capacity in Jilin by 2020.

There is no major turbine production in Jilin province yet but two projects are in the pipeline:  Domestic company SANY Heavy Industry agreed to invest billions of yuan to establish a production base (incl. turbine, blade and tower) in Tongyu, Baicheng.  Domestic company Huayi launched production project in Tongyu, Baicheng in 2008, but no turbine has been delivered yet.

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Wind power is a key industry that Trade Council of Denmark in China is looking at. We have built up network with wind companies, associations and also relevant government agencies. During preparation of this edition, we not only selected news from Chinese media and translated them into English, but also talked to people in our network to get latest and most reliable information. In upcoming editions, we’d also like to have articles like interviews, introduction and comparison of different locations and industrial parks in China, deep insight of major players in Chinese wind market. We are looking forward to hearing your comments and suggestions. Our goal is making this China wind power newsletter a valuable handbook for all Danish wind companies.

Editor’s contact: LIANG WANLIANG / [email protected]

Commercial Officer, Trade Council of Denmark, Beijing, China Tel: +86 10 8532 9983 Fax: +86 10 8532 9999 HENRIK MARTENS / [email protected]

Commercial Counsellor, Trade Council of Denmark, Beijing, China Tel: +86 10 8532 9981 Fax: +86 10 8532 9999 DANISH EMBASSY 1 DONG WU JIE, SAN LI TUN / BEIJING 100600 / P.R. CHINA PHONE +86 10 8532 9900 / WWW.AMBBEIJING.UM.DK

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Liang Wanliang

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Xiang Zheng

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Henrik Martens