China & Africa Exchange In Urban Poverty Reduction
China & Africa Exchange In Urban Poverty Reduction Allan Cain Development Workshop Angola &
Liu Haifang Centre for African Studies – PkU - China
Pre...
China & Africa Exchange In Urban Poverty Reduction Allan Cain Development Workshop Angola &
Liu Haifang Centre for African Studies – PkU - China
Presented to the
Urban LandMark Conference 13 - 14 March 2013 Johannesburg – South Africa
Measuring Urban Poverty Reduction •
•
UN Habitat established a Global Urban Observatory Program to help countries monitor their progress to meeting the key urban MDGs as articulated in Goal 7 indicators 11. The aim of the Urban MDGs is to reduce the proportion of populations living is slums by measuring the following indicators: 1. Acess to an adequate potable water supply 2. Acess to improved sanitation 3. Sufficient living space 4. Durable and safe housing 5. Secure land tenure
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Urban Growth Rates in Africa & Asia
China & Africa Urban & Economic Growth
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Africa & Asia Urban Poverty Reduction
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Reduction of Slums between 1990 & 2010
1990
2010
Reduction of Slums between 1990 - 2010
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Economic Exclusion & Gini Coefficients The Gini coefficient measures the inequality of wealth within a group such as a city. A Gini coefficient of ‘zero’ expresses perfect equality while ‘one’ expresses maximal inequality
The World’s most Unequal Cities
Who benefits from urban growth?
How do women fare?
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Angolan Urban Poverty Observatory 9030000
The purpose of the observatory is to monitor key urban indicators and ensure that the information is used to inform policies, public institutions and local policy-makers National and local observatories also involve representatives from civil society, private sector and academic institutions.
Pes cadore
Farol D as Lagos tas Bairro Da Paz Dala M uleba
NG OLA KILUANJ Sao PedroEDa
Ilha D o C abo
Forno de C al Cacuac o Sede
Barro
Kaw elele Anteiro Mulemba Candua SAMBIZANGA Porto Pes querio Petrangol
ILHA D O CABO
Boa Esperanca Salinas
Imbondeiros Ec ocam po Chapas
Marconi Kik olo Sede Val Saroca Cemiterio EncNguanha ibi Os sos 11 De Novem bre Compao Bandeira Campis Ilha moD a Madeira Cardoso
INGOMBOTA
Boa Vista Roque Santeiro Cardoso Augus to Ngangula Parais o HO SaoJI Joao Y A H ENDA Mabor Santo Antonio ???? Lix eira Combus tiv eis Miramar ZANG Chicala I Mota Bairro Operario BairroSAMBI Cruzeiro Sam bizangaA KIKO LO Sao Pedro Chicala II Ingombota C.T .TAdriano Moreira Zangado CAZE NG A Saneamento Praia De BisMaianga po Sao MARCAL Paulo Marcal Comandante Bula Cazenga Popular KINANG A Rangel Coreia (???) Bairro Azul RAN GE LPrec ol Cazenga M unic ipal Nelito Soares Tungango Catam bor Sam MAIAN ba Pequena GA TE RRA NO V A Calemba da Policia Terra N ova Mulemv os PrendaBairro MilitarBairro Madame Berm a Tala H adi Sagrada Es peranc a Bairro Sujo MartirCass De Kifangondo Cemiterio Nov equel Popular Lourenc o o Cariango Sam ba Grande Anangola PRE NDA Sarm ento R ogrigues Camux iba Cass equel Buraco Anangola ???? SAMBA NEV ES BE NDINH SecAtor 1 TALA HAD I Vila Da Mata Cass enda Sec tor 3 Malanginho Banga We Cass do Imbondeiro CAS SE Q UE L equel Sec tor2 Km 9B Sagrada Es peranc a Rocha Pinto 12B Mulemv os Sec tor 4 Corimba PALANCGrafanil A Golf I
Ceramic a
CAC UA
CAZENGA
RANGEL
9020000
No
MAIANGA
RO CHA PINTerra TO v ermelha Imbondeiro
Sapú
INOR AD Imbondeiro
Bairro do Gamek Vila deMaria Es toril Eugenia Neto Morro Bento I GOe LFE Vitoria Certa 28 de Agosto Morro Bento II Morro Bento I Weji Mac a Vida ESNova TO RIL Kaw elele Cambamba I Futungo de Belas Cambamba I Chimbic ato FU TU NG O Cambamba I Cambamba II Mbondo Chapeu
Muss ulo
Ca
Km 9A 12A Km 14 A
Vila Nov a B A D C E 15 Boa Esperança
1 DeJemba Maio (4 de Abril) Luanda Sul
KILAMBA KIAXI
MUS SULO
Caop C
14B(C ambire)Caop A
Vila de Es toril
Regedoria
Futungo de Belas Camam a Sede
Viana II
Partido
Cidade Univ ersitario
500 cas as Bairro chines
9010000
Nova Esperanca Cabolombo Ngola Kiluanje Chinguar
VIANA SE DE
CAM AMA Bem Vindo
10 de D ez embro Nova Esperanca
SAMBA
Nova Esperanca Tanque Serra
Kik uxi I
Tanque Serra
BENFIC A
VIANA
9000000
KM 32
Cateba
Tanque II
Tanque I
Tanque Serra
Zona A Moxic o
Quenguela N orte
C
Agos tinho N eto
RAM Casa Branc a IRO
Zona A
Mateia II
Faz Sol Calivoto Tanque Serra
Quenguela N orte
Guengue
Tanque Serra
Cass
8990000
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Vitrona
Palm eirinhas
Terra N ova I Tombo
Participatory Monitoring in Angola
Voices of Citizens for Urban Change To influence more inclusive municipal planning processes, and equitable access to improved urban services for the poor by: • promoting community participation in monitoring urban poverty indicators related to the Millennium Development Goals • providing evidence-based information as inputs into municipal plans; • Building an urban poverty network that advocates for equitable access to improved basic services and promote participatory governance; • increase sustainable access basic services by promoting community management models to ensure that consumer voices are heard. SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Geographic Information Systems Remote sensing: Applied GIS tools for collecting urban information, using aerial photographs and satellite images. Participatory Mapping
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Participatory Research • Household surveys made by teams comprised of technicians from INOTU, university students and community groups, under the supervision and technical support of DW. • Data on MDGs was validated by interviews with key informants and focus groups in all bairros in Luanda. • Data mapped & put into the public domain. Provided to urban planners, ministries, municipal administrators, community associations.
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Municipal Forums • •
•
monitoring results are presented to the Municipal Forums & CACs strengthens the capacity of local authorities and civil society to ensure inclusive and participatory local development. demonstrated spaces for consultation between local authorities and civil society on urban issues and promotes municipal democratisation.
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
1980 - 19,42 Km² 1989 - 100,80 Km²
Luanda’s rapid urban growth in war and post-war years
1998 - 253,27 Km² 2000 - 270,05 Km² 2010 – 350,00 Km²
Development Workshop Angola
Poverty Mapping of Luanda - findings
Findings:
Land Tenure
• Most of poor families accumulated savings are tied up in the land they occupy and the house they built or purchase • Rapid development of informal markets for the purchase and renting of land and property • Formal titling is very rare, but levels of perceived tenure security is high • The majority of peri-urban residents acquired their and houses through informal mechanisms and don't have access to mechanisms to regularize their land.
Informal Purchase Informal Land Occupation Informal House Occupation Informal Rent Informal Family Transfer Formal Purchase Formal Family Transfer Other
Land Value Mapping in Luanda 2010
Mapping of Environmental Risk Areas
SISTEMA NACIONAL DE INFORMAÇÃO TERRITORIAL
Mapping of Water Access & Afordability Average Price of Water Bairro [Kz/20L]
Consumer Consumer Spatial Spatial Price Price Coefficients Coefficients Kz/Km/1m3 Kz/Km/1m3 from from Cacuaco Cacuaco