Chemistry 30 – Organic Review OUTCOME MS3 Explore the nature and classification of organic compounds, and their uses in modern materials. - Explain how the valence structure of carbon leads to the large number and diversity of organic compounds in nature - Understand how to read and the purpose of different models (molecular, structural, condensedstructural, space-filled, 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional) to represent organic molecules. - Write the molecular and structural formula and provide the (IUPAC) name for straight-chain alkanes, alkenes and alkynes, with up to 10 carbon atoms in the molecule - Provide the IUPAC names, and illustrate, using diagrams, molecular modelling kits and/or digital technology, the structural formulas of a variety of branched- and straight-chain hydrocarbons. - Discuss the importance of isomerization in materials science and biological applications. - Identify various classes of organic compounds based on functional groups including cyclics, aromatics, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, ethers, esters, organic acids and halocarbons - Describe applications of the various classes of organic compounds, including compounds (e.g., carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) important to biological systems. - Understand how First Nations and Métis people used organic compounds to make soap - Provide examples of consumer and industrial products that are derived from the refining of fossil fuels. - Know some societal benefits and environmental impacts related to the petrochemical industry. - Describe processes of polymerization and explain the significance of some natural and synthetic polymers

REMINDER- This is not a complete review. Read through your notes study definitions, explanations and practice questions.

1. Identify the following as organic or inorganic compounds: Only hydrocarbons (covalent- C and H) are considered organic below. Formula

Organic or Inorganic?

How do you know?

CaCO

3(s)

C H

25 52(s)

Ca C

2 (s)

CCl

4(l)

CH COOH 3

(l)

CO

2(g)

2. Fill in the Table below Type

Alkanes

Alkenes

Alkynes

Cycloalkanes

How to identify it based on drawing?

General Formula? How to tell based on name?

Saturated or Unsaturated?

3. Draw and name 5 isomers for C7H16.

4. Draw 1 compound that someone may mistake for an isomer of 2-methylhexane and why they might make that mistake?

5. Which of the following chemical compounds is not considered an organic compound? A B C D

C2H5COOCH3(l) C6H5COOH(s) CH3CH2OH(l) NH4CN(s)

6.

Match the empirical formula to the type of organic compound (they can be used more than once): a. CnH2n _____ cycloalkane b. CnH2n-2 _____ alkene c. CnH2n+2 _____ alkadiene d. CnH2n-4 _____ alkane e. CnHn _____ alkyne

7. Write the correct IUPAC name for each of the following:

CH3 – C – CH3 CH2 CH3 CH3 CH3

CH2

CH3 – CH – CH – CH CH3

CH3

This is my favourite one!! Hint: use the easiest route to name!

8. Draw the following compounds in both stick and full structural diagrams. a. Cyclohexane e. 3-hexyne i. ethane m. ethane q. 2,3-hexadiene b. Cyclopentane f. 4-nonyne j.2-octene n. methane r. 1,2-propadiene c. Cyclobutane g. 1-propyne k. 3-hexene o. propane s. 3,4-octadiene d. Cyclononane h. 2-pentyne l. 4-heptene p. decane t. 1,2-pentadiene 9.

10. Draw and name 4 isomers of 4-methyl-2-heptyne. Include one ring structure.

11. Give the IUPAC name for the following: a. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH3 b. CH3-CH(CH3)-CH3 c. CH3-CH=CH-CH3 d. CH3-C(CH3)=CH2

12.

13. Identify if the following pairs are isomers. If they are, identify what type of isomer they are. Pair 1

Pair 2

Are they isomers?

What type?

Use the following structural diagrams to answer the next question

Match the general structural diagrams numbered above with the class of the compound below. Carboxylic acid

________

Alkene ___________

Aromatic

___________

Alkyne ___________

Alcohol

_________

Ester

___________

14. Use the following information to answer the next question

Identify 3 functional groups found in the above question.

15. Use the following structural diagram to answer the next question- --- Bonus

Which of the following monomers is required to produce the polymer in the structural diagram above?

16. How many hydrogen atoms are found in a molecule of decane? _________ 17. Which class of organic compound contains one triple bond? a. Alkyne b. Alkene c. Alkane d. Cycloalkane

18. Consider the following structure. What is the IUPAC name of the molecule? a. 2 – methyl – 4 – ethylhexane b. 3 – ethyl – 5 – methylhexane c. 5 – methyl – 3 – ethylhexane d. 4 – ethyl – 2 – methylhexane

19. Consider the following organic compound. CH3 – CH=CH– CH2 – CH2 – CH3 Which structural formula does NOT represent a completely different isomer? a. b. c.

20. Which of the following chemical compounds is not considered an organic compound? a. C2H5COOCH3(l) b. C6H5COOH(s) c. CH3CH2OH(l) d. NH4CN(s) 21. Give one example of why it is important to understand the different isomers have different properties.

22. Explain what an isomer is.

23. What are some examples of social benefits and environmental drawbacks of the fossil fuel refinement?

24. What are polymers and how do they form?