Characteristics of the Text Genre Informational Text Text Structure

LESSON 22 TEACHER’S GUIDE How Animals Move by Ann Takman Fountas-Pinnell Level J Informational Text Selection Summary Some baby animals, such as a g...
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LESSON 22 TEACHER’S GUIDE

How Animals Move by Ann Takman

Fountas-Pinnell Level J Informational Text Selection Summary Some baby animals, such as a giraffe or a whale calf, can move like their parents soon after they are born. Other animal babies, such as baby birds, lion cubs, and kangaroo joeys, need time and care before they are ready to move like their parents. Still other animal babies, such as tadpoles and caterpillars, look different from their parents and move differently, too.

Number of Words: 401

Characteristics of the Text Genre Text Structure

Content Themes and Ideas

Language and Literary Features Sentence Complexity Vocabulary

Words Illustrations Book and Print Features

• Informational Text • Third-person exposition, with introduction and conclusion • Animal names as paragraph headings; related concepts grouped together • Paragraphs include sequence and compare/contrast structures • Baby animals and the ways they move • Maternal care of baby animals • Animals move in different ways, and so do animal babies. • Some animal babies can walk, crawl, or swim from the day they are born. • Some animal babies are like human babies and they need time to grow and learn. • Some animal babies change their shape and way of moving as they grow. • Compare/contrast cues, such as others, like, yet, also, but, same • Some informal language, such as gets a ride, looks a lot like • Simple, compound, and complex sentences, with phrases • Appositive: A baby whale, or calf, begins to swim... • Animal names: giraffe, whale, calf, lion, cub, kangaroo, joey, opossum, tadpole, butterfly, caterpillar • Possibly challenging vocabulary: adult, careful, parent, danger, survive, skilled, helpless, pouch, appear, protect • Mainly one- and two-syllable words with varied spelling/sound and syllable patterns • Words with suffixes: careful, helpless, hunters, safely • Photos, some with labels, support and extend text. • Photo above text on each of nine pages • Paragraph headings on seven pages; one paragraph on a page

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-30047-4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

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How Animals Move

by Ann Takman

Build Background Have children read the title with you. Discuss the cover illustration. Anticipate the text with questions like these: How do adult kangaroos move? Now look at the baby in the kangaroo’s pouch. Does the baby move the same way? Why do you think that?

Introduce the Text Guide children through the text, noting important ideas and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary so that they can read the text successfully. Here are some suggestions: Page 2: Tell children that this book gives information about how baby animals move. Suggested language: Turn to page 2. The author says: Some animals swim or run. Others hop, jump, leap, or fly. What animals are in this photo? How do you think they move? What are some animals that leap? Page 3: Do you think the baby birds can fly yet? Why do you think that? How is the mother bird helping the babies? Page 4: Why do you think the mother whale stays so close to her baby? If she is next to her baby, the baby will be safe. She wants her baby to survive. She keeps her baby away from danger. What do all baby animals need to survive? Pages 8–9: Prepare children for the concepts on these pages by drawing children’s attention to each heading. Which word names the baby animal? Which word names the adult? Now turn back to the beginning of the book and read to find out how baby animals move and change.

Learn More Words danger Grade 1

leap 2

survive Lesson 22: How Animals Move

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Read

As the children read, observe them carefully. Guide them as needed, using language that supports their problem solving ability.

Respond to the Text Personal Response

Invite children to share their personal responses to the book. Begin by asking what they liked best about the book, or what they found interesting. Suggested language: What is one thing you learned about baby animals that you didn’t know before?

Ways of Thinking As you discuss the text, make sure children understand these teaching points: Thinking Within the Text

Thinking Beyond the Text

Thinking About the Text

• Some baby animals can move like adults soon after they are born.

• The ways that animals move help them find food, stay safe, and survive.

• The writer wanted to explain how different baby animals are alike in some ways.

• Some baby animals learn to move like adults as they grow.

• A mother animal knows just what to do to take care of her babies.

• The writer uses words like hop, jump, leap, fly, crawl, walk, and swim to help you picture the animals in action.

• Mother animals keep their babies safe from danger. • Tadpoles swim but can’t leap like frogs. Caterpillars crawl but can’t fly like butterflies.

• Some baby animals look like their parents, but others change as they grow.

• The photos help you understand how the mothers take care of the babies.

© 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

Choices for Support Fluency Invite children to choose two pages that have headings and read those paragraphs aloud. Remind them to read not too fast and not too slowly, but at the best speed to make the meaning clear to listeners.

Phonics and Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and sounds, using one of the following activities: • Suffixes –ful and –less Have children find careful on page 4 and helpless on page 5. Point out each suffix, –ful and –less, and have children say each base word. Encourage them to use each base word and suffixed word in two sentences. (Examples: Please take care of this./Be careful. A baby is helpless./A baby needs help.) • Build Sentences Have children find and list action verbs from How Animals Move (hop, jump, leap, fly, crawl, walk, swim). Ask them to use more than one word in an interesting sentence about animal movement. Grade 1

3

Lesson 22: How Animals Move

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Writing About Reading Critical Thinking Read the directions for children on BLM 22.9 and guide them in answering the questions.

Responding Read aloud the questions at the back of the book and help children complete the activities.

Target Comprehension Skill Conclusions Tell children that if they think about what is in the book, they can figure out more ideas. Model using details to draw a conclusion: Think Aloud

This book shows a baby kangaroo riding in its mother’s pouch, baby opossums riding on their mother’s back, and a baby lion being carried in its mother’s mouth. Those three details help me figure out that mother animals have different ways of carrying their babies.

Practice the Skill Ask children to find details in How Animals Move that support this conclusion: Some baby animals do not look at all like their parents.

Writing Prompt Read aloud the following prompt. Have children write their response, using the writing prompt on page 6. Choose a photo from How Animals Move. What is important to understand about the photo? Use information in the book to write a two-sentence caption to tell about the photo.

Grade 1

4

Lesson 22: How Animals Move

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English Language Learners Reading Support Give English learners a “preview” of the text by holding a brief small-group discussion with them before reading the text with the entire group. Oral Language Development Check the children’s comprehension, using a dialogue that best matches their English proficiency level. Speaker 1 is the teacher, Speaker 2 is the child. Beginning/ Early Intermediate

Intermediate

Early Advanced/ Advanced

Speaker 1: What does this photo show?

Speaker 1: Why can’t these baby birds fly?

Speaker 1: How does a mother bird help her babies survive?

Speaker 2: a mother and baby giraffe

Speaker 2: They need to grow bigger before they are ready to fly.

Speaker 2: She finds food and brings it to them in the nest.

Speaker 1: How does the mother whale help her baby?

Speaker 1: How is a tadpole different from a frog?

Speaker 2: She teaches it how to survive and keeps it safe.

Speaker 2: A tadpole looks like a fish, has no legs, and swims in water. It grows into a frog with legs for jumping on land.

Speaker 1: Where does the baby kangaroo stay? Speaker 2: in its mother’s pouch Speaker 1: What will the caterpillar grow into? Speaker 2: a butterfly

Lesson 22 BLACKLINE MASTER 22.9

Name

Think About It

How Animals Move Think About It

Write an answer to the question.

Responses may vary.

1. Why can’t a baby animal move the same way an adult animal does?

A baby animal is little. It needs to grow and learn to move like an adult animal does. Making Connections Think about how you moved as a baby and how you move now. Write some sentences that tell what you learned.

Read directions to children.

11

Think About It

Grade 1, Unit 5: Watch us Grow

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Grade 1

5

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Lesson 22: How Animals Move

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Name

Date

How Animals Move Choose a photo from How Animals Move. What is important to understand about the photo? Use information in the book to write a two-sentence caption that tells about the photo.

Grade 1

6

Lesson 22: How Animals Move

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Lesson 22 BLACKLINE MASTER 22.9

Name

Think About It

How Animals Move Think About It

Write an answer to the question. 1. Why can’t a baby animal move the same way an adult animal does?

Making Connections Think about how you moved as a baby and how you move now. Write some sentences that tell what you learned.

Grade 1

7

Lesson 22: How Animals Move

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Student

Lesson 22

Date

BLACKLINE MASTER 22.14

How Animals Move • LEVEL J page

How Animals Move Running Record Form

Selection Text

Errors

Self-Corrections

Accuracy Rate

Self-Correction Rate

Whales

4

A baby whale, or calf, begins to swim soon after it is born. It will follow its mother when she swims. A mother whale is a careful parent. Her baby is always learning from her. A mother whale keeps her baby safe from danger. She helps her baby to survive.

Comments:

(# words read correctly/51 x 100)

(# errors + # Self-Corrections/ Self-Corrections)

% 1:

Read word correctly

Code ✓

cat

Repeated word, sentence, or phrase

®

Omission

— cat

cat

Grade 1

Behavior

Error 0 0 1

8

Substitution

Code cut cat

1

Self-corrects

cut sc cat

0

Insertion

the

1

Word told

T cat

cat



Error

1413361

Behavior

1

Lesson 22: How Animals Move

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